2018年天津高考英语试题及答案.doc

1、1绝密启用前2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英 语 笔试本试卷分为第 I 卷（选择题）和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 130 分，考试用时100 分钟。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利！第 I 卷注意事项：1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2. 本卷共 55 小题，共 95 分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节：单

2、项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从 A、B、C 、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Stand over there_ youll be able to see it better.A. or B. and C. but D. while答案是 B。第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1635 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1.Wasnt Joan supposed to be here by now?一 She will be here in about tw

3、enty minutes.A. All right B. Dont worry C. No wonder D. Enjoy yourself2.Kae, _sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.2A. whom B. that C. whose D. her3.At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving, but eventually he_ as she was so confidence about her

4、 skills.A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up4.Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend _they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever since B.as if C. even though D.so that5.Im moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help._. Just let me know when, and Ill be there.A. You bet B.

5、 It depends C. Forget it D. No kidding6.The_ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation7.Ineed anew passport so I will have to have my photographs_.A. taking B. taken C. being taken D.

6、take8.It took him a long time to_ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. display B. acquire C teach D. test9.The gold medal will be awarded _to wins the first place in the bicycler.A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever10.I cant find my purse. I_ it in the supermarket yesterday, but

7、 Im not sure.A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left11.Bob thought he couldnt go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went _.A.at first B. after all C. above all D.at random12.I didnt mean _anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help_ it

8、.A.to eat；to try B. eating；tryingC. eating；to try D.to eat； trying13.My washing machine _this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repaired B.is repaired 3C.is being repaired D. has been repaired14.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _we saw Lily in the passenger se

9、at.A. which B. that C. when D. where15.If we _the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beachA. had caught B. caught C. have caught D. would catch第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1635 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。No one is born a winner. People make themselves in

10、to winners by their own 16 .I learned this lesson from a(n) 17 many years ago. I took the head 18 job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the 19 team at the end of spring practice. The old team

11、 had no coach, and they didnt even practice to 20 the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldnt 21 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to 22 that my team might not be the

12、number one team in Georgia, but they were 23 me. I had to change my 24 about their ability and potential.I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 25 .Most important, I began to treat them like 26 .That summer, When the other teams enjoyed their 27 ,we met every day and 28 passing

13、 and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our 29 on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to 30 .Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a 31 for us even if we lost the game. But that wasnt what happened. My boys

14、 beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest 32of my life！From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33 the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and 34 them. I helped them to see themselves 35 ,and they built themselves in

15、to winners.Winners are made, but born.16.A.luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature417.A.experiment B. experience C. visit D. show18. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with21. A. believe B.

16、 agree C. describe D. regret22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. leaners27. A. rewar

17、ds B. vacations C. health D. honor28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest

18、D. affect 34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently第二部分：阅读理解 （共 20 小题； 每小题 2. 5 分，满分 50 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention profe

19、ssionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms. and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and t

20、he two exits nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的）fire alarm systems which 5include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For y

21、our safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄）these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.E

22、xit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible

23、use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. D

24、o the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动） ，contact residence hall staff immediately.Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.If a smoke detector sets off

25、 an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.36.What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?A. To provide part-time jobs for students.B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D. To train teachers to be fire prev

26、ention professionals.37.What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?1A. Pipes and smoke detectors.B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.6D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations38.In a fire drill, the students shoulg2A. rush quickly to a liftB. gather at the

27、nearest2C. shut the door and leave at onceD. wait for instructions in the hall39.What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.D. Using them without a trai

28、ner present is forbidden.40.To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_.A. contact the hall staff regularlyB. cover the things that burn easilyC. start the smoke detector in a fireD. make certain the red light is workingBWhen I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum cal

29、led the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to tum it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, “Do you have the address? “No, but Ill recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine.

30、“Oh, stop. There it is!” The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us. “May I help you?“ a man asked. “No, “I said. “Were fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you werent that interest

31、ed in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where do you think you are? “ he asked. I turned sharply. “The McNay Ar

32、t Museum!“ He smiled, shaking his head. “Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.“ 7“Whats this place?” I asked, still confused. “Well, its our home.“ My heart jolted(震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out, “Sally! Come down immediately! “Theres some really good stuff(艺术作品）up there.“ She s

33、tepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, “Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place.“ Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldnt believe how long they let us look around without saying an

34、ything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened. Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. “Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking

35、it was the McNay Museum? “ “Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone. “That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed aft

36、er that. Ive always wanted to thank you.“41. What do we know about Marian McNay?A. She was a painter.B. She was a community leader.C. She was a museum director.D. She was a journalist.42. Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?A. She disliked people who were nosy.B. She felt ne

37、rvous when talking to strangers.C. She knew more about art than the man.D. She mistook him for a tour guide.43. How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?A. Puzzled. B. Concerned. C. Frightened. D. Delighted.44. Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just

38、a few words?A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.B. She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.C. The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.8D. The event happening in the house was more significant.45. What could we learn from the last paragraph?A. People s

39、hould have good taste to enjoy life.B. People should spend more time with their family.C. People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.D. People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.CTheres a new frontier in 3D printing thats beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made poss

40、ible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isnt stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that it takes years of experience, but

41、 a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.Sustainability(可持续性）The

42、global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe prin

43、ters could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food“ that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation

44、 and storage requirements.NutritionFuture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterdays brea

45、d from the supermarket, youd eat something baked just for you on demand.”Challenges9Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is qu

46、ite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better su

47、ited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.46. What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?A. It helps cooks to create new dishes.B. It saves time and effort in cooking.C. It improves the cooking conditions.D. It contributes to restaurant decorations.47. What can w

48、e learn about 3D food printing from Paragraphs 3?A. It solves food shortages easily.B. It quickens the transportation of food.C. It needs no space for the storage of food.D. It uses renewable materials as sources of food.48. According to Paragraph 4, 3D-printed food _.A. is more available to consumersB. can meet individual nutritional needsC. is more tasty than food in supermarketsD. can keep all the nutrition in raw materials49. What is