2012-2017英语高考真题2012-2017英语高考真题汇编2阅读理解7选5题及答案.doc

1、1阅读理解 7 选 52017 年Passage 2017 全国卷，10 分 话题：野营 词数：288If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing

2、 in common with me. 1 The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 2 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering fro

3、m a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 3 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the nec

4、essities of life.4 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.5 It must be true that sooner

5、 or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.A. This time there was no tent.B. Things are going to be improved.C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.E. I must say that I have certa

6、inly come to enjoy camping.F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.Passage 2 2017 全国卷，10 分 话题：避免工作被打断的方法 词数：261Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done. 1 , ther

7、e are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now.2 . Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back durin

8、g that time or that youll find them then. 3 . It can help to eliminate(消除)future interruptions.When you need to talk to someone, dont do it in your own office. 4 , its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how b

9、usy you are.If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 5 . If someone knocks and its not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示)that when the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.A. If youre busy, dont feel bad about sayi

10、ng noB. When you want to avoid interruptions at workC. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goesD. If youre in the other persons office or in a public area2E. Its important that you let them know when youll be availableF. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youG.

11、Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre notPassage 3 2017 全国卷，10 分话题：早起词数：293 Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 1 Heres how to make one. 2

12、In order to make a change, you need to decide why its important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make. Re

13、think mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 3 Thats a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a co

14、ffee maker with a timer. Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If youre tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 4 Keep a record and evaluate it weekly

15、. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After youve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 5 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A. Get a sleep specialist.B. Find the right motivation.C. A better plan for sleep can help.D. And consider setti

16、ng a second alarm.E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.Passage 4 2017 北京，10 分 话题：充足的睡眠帮助记忆 词数：307Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has rema

17、ined foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 1 One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 2 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we slee

18、p have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons（神经元）in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 3 Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 The synapses in the mice taken at

19、 the end of a period of sleep were ST 18STF5 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new i

20、nformation our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.3Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 5 “You keep what matters,“ Tononi s

21、ays.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. Its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.E. Thats why students do

22、better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,“ says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. G. Tononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice. Passage 5 2017 浙江，10 分 话题：如何做好街头采访 词数：311How to Do Man

23、on the Street InterviewsThe man on the street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 1 But with these tips, your first man on the street interview experience can be easy. When your boss or professor sends you out to do man on

24、the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?“ 2 Hit the streets with

25、 confidence. 3 Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.“ This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you. Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Dont get discouraged. 4 Each in

26、terview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you wont be able to use i

27、t. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 5 If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, dont leave work without them.A. Limit your time.B. As you approach people, be polite.C. If you dont own a camera, you can buy one.D. For n

28、ew reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.G. With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes“ or “No“ reply.20122016 年 Passage 1 2016 全国卷，10 分 词数：298

29、Secret codes （密码） keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags （落后） far behind code making. The science of creating

30、 and reading coded messages is called 4cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels“spell out the hidden message “Meet me.“3 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Lets number the letters of the alph

31、abet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me“ would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.“A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 4 For example, “bridge“ might stand for “meet“ and “o

32、ut“ might stand for “me.“ The message “Bridge out“ would actually mean “Meet me.“ 5 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C.

33、 Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way

34、to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.Passage 2 2016 全国卷，10 分 词数：320A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 1 .

35、 But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. 2 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concer

36、ned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 3 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall(回忆)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes

37、 back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important. 4 how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 5 . Then go outsid

38、e and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun. A. Know why you garden B. Find a good place for your own garden C. Its our experience of the garden that matters D. Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE. Still others may simply enjoy being ou

39、tdoors and close to plantsF. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you havePassage 3 2016 全国卷，10 分 词数：269Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 1 But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. Am

40、ericans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice 5as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. 2 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.3 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre stan

41、ding at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh. 4 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isnt as tasty

42、 as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. 5 First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, its ready to serve

43、.A. Do not buy it.B. The easiest is to steam it.C. This is how you can do it.D. It just requires a little knowledge.E. The fish will go bad within hours.F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.Passage 4 2016 北京，10 分 词数：360The Scien

44、ce of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The r

45、eason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all

46、 jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe yo

47、u hate it. 3 No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your

48、 tolerance for risk as well.5 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. It all depends on your character.B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of su