1、1本科毕业论文(设计)外文翻译题目某企业招聘中存在的问题及其规避学院商学院专业人力资源管理班级学号学生姓名指导教师外文题目RECRUITMENTINSMALLFIRMSPROCESSES,METHODSANDPROBLEM外文出处EMPLOYEERELATIONS外文作者MARILYNCARROLL2原文RECRUITMENTINSMALLFIRMSPROCESSES,METHODSANDPROBLEMMARILYNCARROLLABSTRACTTHEARTICLESUMMARISESFINDINGSFROMRECENTCASESTUDYRESEARCHINTORECRUITMENTINSMA
2、LLFIRMSTHERESEARCHAIMSTOASCERTAINWHETHERSMALLFIRMSFOLLOWTHEPROCEDURESOUTLINEDINTHEPRESCRIPTIVELITERATUREONRECRUITMENT,ANDTOWHATEXTENTTHEYRELYONINFORMALRECRUITMENTMETHODSITFINDSLITTLEEVIDENCEOFTHEADOPTIONOFTHERECOMMENDEDSYSTEMATICPROCEDURESANDAHIGHUSEOF“TRIEDANDTRUSTED”METHODSINCLUDINGWORDOFMOUTHRECR
3、UITMENTANDTHEHIRINGOF“KNOWNQUANTITIES”THEIMPLICATIONSOFTHISAREEXAMINEDWHILETHESEMETHODSHAVECERTAINADVANTAGES,THEYMAYALSOGIVERISETOANUMBEROFPROBLEMSTHESTUDYARGUESTHATTHEADOPTIONOFMOREFORMALPROCEDURESANDMETHODSCOULDREDUCESTAFFTURNOVERINSMALLFIRMSANDITSASSOCIATEDCOSTSHOWEVER,ITCONCLUDESTHATMANYSMALLEMP
4、LOYERSWOULDREMAINUNCONVINCEDBYTHECASEFOROPENINGUPRECRUITMENTCHANNELS,ANDMAYFINDTHEIREXISTINGAPPROACHESMORECOSTEFFECTIVEINTHESHORTTERMINTRODUCTIONACONSIDERABLEQUANTITYOFPRESCRIPTIVELITERATUREISAVAILABLETOMANAGERSRESPONSIBLEFORRECRUITINGSTAFFAIMEDATHELPINGTHEMTOINCREASETHECHANCESOFFINDINGTHERIGHTPERSO
5、NFORTHEJOBMOSTOFTHISADVICE,HOWEVER,SEEMSTOBEAIMEDATLARGEORGANISATIONSASSUMPTIONSAREMADEABOUTTHEDEGREEOFFORMALITYWHICHWOULDNORMALLYCHARACTERISETHERECRUITMENTPROCESSANDTHEEXTENTTOWHICHEMPLOYERSARELIKELYTOADOPTSYSTEMATICANDPROACTIVESEARCHESFORNEWRECRUITSINCONTRAST,RELATIVELYLITTLEMATERIALISAVAILABLESPE
6、CIFICALLYFORSMALLFIRMSASHENDRYETAL1995,P14NOTE,“TRAININGANDHUMANRESOURCEMANAGEMENTADVICETOSMALLERFIRMSHASBEENMONOTONOUSINITSPRESCRIPTIONOFLARGESCALESOLUTIONS”RECRUITMENTINTHECASESTUDYFIRMSALTHOUGHSOMEFIRMSMIGHTBECONSIDEREDTOBETOOSMALLTOOFFEROPPORTUNITIESFORCAREERPROGRESSIONORMOVEMENTINTOADIFFERENTTY
7、PEOFWORK,THEREWASAGREATDEALOFEVIDENCEOFTHEOPERATIONOFINTERNALLABOURMARKETSREASONSGIVENBYTHE3RESPONDENTSWERE“TOMOTIVATEPEOPLE”,“TOENCOURAGELOYALTYTOTHEFIRM”,“BETTERTHEDEVILYOUKNOW”,ORBECAUSEALOWERLEVELVACANCYWOULDBEEASIERTOFILLEXTERNALLYINTHEHOTELANDCATERINGSECTORANDSOLICITORSFIRMSTHEREWASMOSTSCOPEFO
8、RINTERNALPROMOTIONHOTELSANDCATERINGSECTORMANAGERSTRIEDTOIDENTIFYPEOPLEWITHAPTITUDEANDABILITYANDPROMOTETHEMINTOAMORESENIORORSUPERVISORYROLEWHENAVACANCYAROSETHOSESOLICITORSFIRMSWHICHTOOKTRAINEESSAIDTHEYLIKEDTOKEEPTHEMONIFPOSSIBLEAFTERTHEYQUALIFIEDANDTHEREISARECOGNISEDCAREERPATHTOASSOCIATE,SALARIEDPART
9、NERANDEQUITYPARTNERINTHEPRINTINGANDROADHAULAGESECTORSTHEREWEREVERYFEWOPPORTUNITIESFORPROMOTIONBECAUSEOFTHENATUREOFTHEWORKHOWEVER,PRINTERSSOMETIMESHADTHEOPPORTUNITYTOMOVEONTOOPERATINGABIGGERMACHINEANDDRIVERSTOALARGERVEHICLETHENURSINGHOMES,HOWEVER,FOUNDITMOSTDIFFICULTTOOFFEROPPORTUNITIESFORCAREERPROGR
10、ESSIONBECAUSE,FORACAREASSISTANT,THISWOULDMEANLEAVINGTOUNDERTAKEFORMALNURSETRAININGCLOSEDSEARCHESWEREAMONGTHEMOSTWIDELYUSEDRECRUITMENTMETHODSINTHECASESTUDYFIRMSALLHADUSEDRECOMMENDATIONSFROMSTAFF,27PERCENTHADFOUNDSTAFFTHROUGHANETWORKOFCONTACTSINTHEINDUSTRYAND13PERCENTHADPOACHEDSTAFFDIRECTLYFROMCOMPETI
11、TORSONEPRINTINGCOMPANYHADBEENABLETOFILLALLITSVACANCIESBYTHESEMETHODSSINCESTARTINGSIXYEARSAGOEMPLOYINGFRIENDSANDFAMILYMEMBERSOFEXISTINGSTAFFWASESPECIALLYCOMMONINTHEHOTELSANDCATERING,ROADHAULAGEANDNURSINGHOMESECTORSTHEVIEWWASEXPRESSEDTHATPEOPLERECRUITEDINTHISWAYWEREMORELIKELYTO“BLENDIN”WELLINTHEHOTELS
12、ANDCATERINGSECTOR,ESPECIALLYFORJOBSWHICHINVOLVECASHHANDLING,SOMEKNOWLEDGEOFTHEBACKGROUNDOFTHEPOTENTIALRECRUITWASTHOUGHTESSENTIALHOWEVER,AFEWEMPLOYERSEXPRESSEDRESERVATIONSABOUTEMPLOYINGFRIENDSANDFAMILYMEMBERSBECAUSE“IFYOUFALLOUTWITHONEYOULOSETWO”FORSOLICITORSTHERECRUITMENTOFFEEEARNERS“THROUGHTHENETWO
13、RK”WASWIDESPREADINCLUDINGOFFERINGEMPLOYMENTTOSOLICITORSWHOHADWORKEDFOR“THEOTHERSIDE”INACASETHEFIRMSHADAMPLEOPPORTUNITIESTOASSESSTHECAPABILITIESOFPOTENTIALRECRUITS,BYOBSERVINGHOWTHEYPERFORMEDINCOURT,FOREXAMPLEATTITUDESTOWARDSPOACHINGSTAFFVARIEDWHILESOMEINTERVIEWEESWOULDPOACHSTAFFWITHOUTANYRESERVATION
14、S,OTHERSREGARDEDTHEPRACTICEAS“UNETHICAL”ASTHEMANAGEROFAN4INDIANRESTAURANTPUTIT,“ITHAPPENSVERYOFTENROUNDHEREBUTIDONTDOITTOOTHERPEOPLEBECAUSEIDONTLIKEITHAPPENINGTOME”SOMETIMESCOMPETENTSTAFFWERE“POACHEDBACK”AFTERLEAVINGTOWORKFORANOTHEREMPLOYERAND,INDEED,THEHIRINGOFFORMEREMPLOYEESWASCOMMON,ESPECIALLYINT
15、HEROADHAULAGEINDUSTRY,WHEREDRIVERSOFTENMOVEDAROUNDFROMONECOMPANYTOANOTHERINALLSECTORS,APARTFROMROADHAULAGEWHEREDRIVERSHAVETOBEATLEAST21TOTRAIN,SOMEFIRMSRECRUITEDDIRECTFROMLOCALEDUCATIONALESTABLISHMENTSTYPICALREASONSFORUSINGCLOSEDSEARCHESINCLUDEDTHEBELIEFTHATANEXISTINGMEMBEROFSTAFFISUNLIKELYTORECOMME
16、NDSOMEONEUNSUITABLE,THEPREFERENCEFORA“KNOWNQUANTITY”,ANDVALUINGSOMEONEWHOWOULD“FITIN”ONLYTWOOFTHEINTERVIEWEESSOLICITORSEXPRESSEDRESERVATIONSABOUTINFORMAL,WORDOFMOUTHRECRUITMENTBECAUSEOFTHEEQUALOPPORTUNITIESIMPLICATIONS,ANDBECAUSEITWASTHOUGHTPREFERABLETOCONSIDER“THEWHOLEFIELD”RESPONSIVERECRUITMENTMET
17、HODSWEREALSOWIDELYUSEDOVERHALFLOOKEDATFORMERAPPLICATIONSAGAINIFASIMILARVACANCYAROSESIMILARLY,OVERHALFWOULDOFFERWORKTOCASUALCALLERSWHOCONTACTEDTHEFIRMEITHERBYTELEPHONEORINPERSON,PROVIDEDTHEREWASAVACANCYANDTHEPERSONWASSUITABLE70PERCENTKEPTAREGISTEROFINTERESTEDAPPLICANTSORAFILEOFCVSTOSOMEEXTENT,THISAPP
18、ROACHISRATHERLESSPROACTIVETHANTHEOTHERS,RELYINGONAPOOLOFPOTENTIALRECRUITSWHOHADHAPPENEDTOCONTACTTHEFIRMONTHEOTHERHAND,ITCOULDBEARGUEDTHATTHESEINDIVIDUALSUTILISEDTHEIRINITIATIVEINSEEKINGWORK,ANDMIGHTBEALLTHEMOREATTRACTIVETOEMPLOYERSBECAUSEOFTHISOFTHEMOREFORMAL“OPENSEARCH”RECRUITMENTMETHODS,ADVERTISIN
19、GINJOBCENTRESANDTHELOCALPRESSWERETHEMOSTCOMMONJOBCENTRESWEREROUTINELYUSEDBYALMOSTALLTHECASESTUDYFIRMS,ATLEASTFORSOMECATEGORIESOFSTAFFTHEADVANTAGESOFJOBCENTRESWERESAIDTOBETHATTHEYAREFREE,ANDTHEADVERTISEMENTSTAYSINUNTILTHEVACANCYISFILLEDHOWEVER,WHILESOMEINTERVIEWEESFOUNDTHEJOBCENTRESTOBEAGOODSOURCEOFN
20、EWRECRUITS,OTHERSEXPRESSEDDISSATISFACTIONWITHTHESTANDARDOFSERVICEOFFEREDTHEMOSTFREQUENTCOMPLAINTSWERETHATCANDIDATESWERE“NOTPROPERLYVETTED”,THEYFREQUENTLYFAILEDTOTURNUPFORINTERVIEW,ORTHEYWERE“NOTREALLYINTERESTEDINFINDINGAJOB”FEWERFIRMSUSEDOTHERRECRUITMENTAGENCIES,5MAINLYBECAUSETHEYWEREREGARDEDASEXPEN
21、SIVESPECIALISTDRIVERAGENCIESWERECRITICISEDBYTHEROADHAULAGECOMPANIES,WITHONLYTWOHAVINGUSEDTHEM,ANDTHENMERELYASALASTRESORTONCEAGAIN,THEPEOPLEONTHEIRBOOKSWERETHOUGHTTOBE“NOTPROPERLYVETTED”,INEXPERIENCED,ORNOTLOOKINGFORPERMANENT,FULLTIMEWORKALTHOUGHMOSTFIRMSHADADVERTISEDINTHELOCALPRESS,SOMEONLYDIDSOWHEN
22、LESSEXPENSIVEMETHODSHADFAILEDTOPRODUCEASUITABLECANDIDATETHEWHOLEPROCESSOFADVERTISING,ANINITIALTELEPHONESCREENINGSOMETIMES,SIFTINGTHROUGHCVSORAPPLICATIONFORMS,SHORTLISTING,INTERVIEWING,CHECKINGREFERENCESPOSSIBLYANDMAKINGASELECTIONDECISIONWASTHOUGHTTOBENOTONLYCOSTLYINTERMSOFMANAGEMENTTIME,BUTWASREGARD
23、EDASA“HITANDMISSAFFAIR”ONLYTHREEFIRMSHADADVERTISEDINTHENATIONALPRESS,ANDINEACHCASETHISWASA“ONEOFF”TOFILLAMANAGEMENTPOSITIONRATHERTHANBEINGUSEDASAREGULARRECRUITMENTMETHODSPECIALISTJOURNALSWERE,HOWEVER,MOREWIDELYUSED,ESPECIALLYBYTHESOLICITORSFIRMSANOTHEROPENSEARCHMETHODPOPULARWITHTHEBARSANDPUBSWASPLAC
24、INGANOTICEOFTHEVACANCYINTHEBARITSELF,WHICHWASFELTHADTHEADVANTAGEOFATTRACTINGTHESAMETYPEOFPERSONASTHEESTABLISHMENTSCUSTOMERSOTHEROPENSEARCHMETHODSOFRECRUITMENTUSEDBYTHENURSINGHOMESWEREPLACINGNOTICESOFVACANCIESINPOSTOFFICESANDNEWSAGENTSAND,INONECASE,ADVERTISINGONLOCALRADIOHAVINGREVIEWEDTHEEXTENTTOWHIC
25、HTHESEFIRMSFOLLOWEDPRESCRIPTIONSABOUTTHERECRUITMENTPROCESSANDTHEMETHODSTHEYUSEDTOATTRACTSTAFF,WECANNOWTURNTOANASSESSMENTOFTHEPROBLEMSENCOUNTEREDINRECRUITMENTDESPITEUSINGAVARIETYOFMETHODS,SEVERALOFTHECASESTUDYORGANISATIONSREPORTEDDIFFICULTIESATTRACTINGSTAFFINSOMECASESTHESEDIFFICULTIESWERECOMPOUNDEDBY
26、HIGHSTAFFTURNOVERRATESSOTHAT,DESPITETHEIRSMALLSIZE,THEFIRMSHADONGOINGRECRUITMENTDRIVES,INVOLVINGPERMANENTADVERTISEMENTSINTHEJOBCENTREAND/ORREGULARADVERTISEMENTSINTHELOCALPRESSNONEOFTHEEMPLOYERSHADACTUALLYCALCULATEDTHEDIRECTANDINDIRECTCOSTSOFRECRUITMENTAND,INDEED,SOMESAIDTHEYWOULDRATHERNOTKNOWTYPICAL
27、RESPONSESWERE“ITSANECESSARYEVIL”AND“IDONTNEEDANYTHINGELSETOHORRIFYME”ALTHOUGHSEVERALOFTHEEMPLOYERSADMITTEDTOHAVINGMADEEXPENSIVEMISTAKES,GENERALLYHIGH6LEVELSOFSATISFACTIONWITHRECRUITMENTMETHODSWEREEXPRESSEDMOSTEMPLOYERSUSEDARANGEOFDIFFERENTMETHODSANDMANYSAID“IDONTKNOWHOWELSEWEDDOIT”WHERETHEREWEREPROB
28、LEMS,THEYWERETHOUGHTTOSTEMFROMASHORTAGEOFSUITABLECANDIDATES,RATHERTHANRECRUITMENTMETHODSASSUCHCONCLUSIONSTHEMAINPURPOSEOFTHISPAPERHASBEENTOOUTLINEANDANALYSETHEWAYSINWHICHRECRUITMENTTAKESPLACEINSMALLFIRMS,DRAWINGONDATACOLLECTEDDURING1998FROMASAMPLEOF40ORGANISATIONSINTHENORTHWESTOFENGLANDTHEPROJECTFOC
29、USEDONFIVEDIVERSEINDUSTRIESHOTELSANDCATERING,ROADHAULAGE,NURSINGHOMES,PRINTINGANDSOLICITORSINORDERTOEXAMINERECRUITMENTINARANGEOFCIRCUMSTANCES,INCLUDINGWORKPLACESWHERETHEREARESIGNIFICANTLYDIFFERENTPROPORTIONSOFMENANDWOMENINEMPLOYMENTDESPITETHISDIVERSITY,WECANNOTCLAIMTHATTHEFINDINGSARECAPABLEOFGENERAL
30、ISATIONTOTHEWORKFORCEASAWHOLE,ALTHOUGHITISHIGHLYLIKELYTHATSIMILARPROCESSES,METHODSANDPROBLEMSAREOBSERVABLEINOTHERWORKPLACESONCETHEMOREDETAILEDRESULTSFROMTHE1998WORKPLACEEMPLOYEERELATIONSSURVEYCULLYETAL,1999BECOMEAVAILABLE,ITMAYBEPOSSIBLETODRAWWIDERCONCLUSIONSABOUTEMPLOYMENTPRACTICESINFIRMSEMPLOYINGT
31、ENORMOREPEOPLETHEREAREANUMBEROFIMPLICATIONSFROMTHESERESULTSFIRST,THE“CORE/TRANSIENT”MODELPROPOSEDBYHOLLIDAYGAINSSUPPORTFROMOURSTUDY,ANDISAMUCHBETTERWAYOFCHARACTERISINGTHEEMPLOYMENTRELATIONSHIPINSMALLFIRMSTHANTHECORE/PERIPHERYMODELWHICHISSOWIDELYQUOTEDWEWOULDLIKETOSUGGESTTHATTHEUSEOFSTABILITYINDICESF
32、ORLABOURTURNOVERWOULDBERATHERMOREEFFECTIVETHANSIMPLELABOURTURNOVERCALCULATIONSEXPRESSEDINTERMSOFWASTAGERATESINDEED,INSEVERALOFTHESEORGANISATIONS,MANYNEWRECRUITSDIDNOTLASTLONGERTHANAFEWDAYSINMANYCASESTHEREWASANALMOSTFATALISTICACCEPTANCEOFHIGHTURNOVERRATESMANAGERSINSMALLFIRMSSEEMUNAWAREOFTHE“COSTS”OFR
33、ECRUITMENTWHICHTENDTOBECOMEMANIFESTIFEMPLOYEESLEAVEWITHINAFEWDAYSOFSTARTING,IFTHEYFAILTOPERFORMATASATISFACTORYLEVELOREMPLOYERSHAVETOAPPEARBEFOREANEMPLOYMENTTRIBUNALTODEFENDTHEIRACTIONSSECOND,GIVENTHATSMALLFIRMSAREGENERALLYRECOGNISEDASAMAJORSOURCEOFNEWEMPLOYMENTOPPORTUNITIES,DESPITETHEPUBLICITYGAINED
34、BYLARGEEMPLOYERSWHICH7OPENNEWESTABLISHMENTS,ITISWORRYINGTHATTHEIRRECRUITMENTPRACTICESTENDTOBE“EXCLUSIVE”INNATUREANDOFTENNOT“OPEN”TOAPPLICANTSWHOFAILTOFINDOUTABOUTTHESEOPPORTUNITIESTHIRD,THEDOMINANTEMPHASISATTHERECRUITMENTSTAGEON“INTERPERSONALFIT”,WHILEUNDERSTANDABLE,ISPOTENTIALLYUNSTABLEGIVENTHATREL
35、ATIONSHIPSCHANGEOVERTIMEANDPREVIOUSLYCLOSEFRIENDSHIPSCANBEBROKENSIMILARLY,THEHIGHLYPERSONALISEDMANAGEMENTSTYLESWHICHCHARACTERISESMALLFIRMSCANLEADTOREASSESSMENTSOFEMPLOYEEWORTHANDCONTRIBUTION,WITHTHEDANGERTHATONCETRUSTHASBEENLOSTITISALMOSTIMPOSSIBLETOMAINTAINPROFESSIONALWORKINGRELATIONSHIPSOFTENTHERE
36、SULTISA“FORCED”DISMISSALORRESIGNATIONOFCOURSE,THEKEYQUESTIONREMAINSOFWHETHERORNOTSMALLFIRMSSHOULDBEENCOURAGEDTOADOPTMORESYSTEMATICRECRUITMENTPROCESSESANDMETHODS,ANDIFSOHOWTHISMIGHTBEDONEWITHSOMEEXCEPTIONS,ITISUNLIKELYINOURVIEWTHATSMALLEMPLOYERSWOULDBECONVINCEDBYTHEMORALANDETHICALCASEFOROPENINGUPRECR
37、UITMENTCHANNELSSOASTOWIDENTHENETANDATTRACTOTHERAPPLICANTSTHEBUSINESSCASEMIGHTBEMOREPERSUASIVE,ASTOOWOULDEXAMPLESOFFIRMSWHICHHADSAVEDMONEYINTHELONGERTERMFROMMORESYSTEMATICRECRUITMENTSUCHASTHROUGHLOWERLEVELSOFLABOURTURNOVERINTHEEARLYSTAGESOFEMPLOYMENT,THROUGHBETTERQUALITYWORKANDLESSDEFECTS,THROUGHEMPL
38、OYEESOFFERINGALTERNATIVEPERSPECTIVESONWORK,ORTHROUGHLESSNEEDTODISCIPLINEORDISMISSEMPLOYEESONGROUNDSOFPOORPERFORMANCEORMISCONDUCTULTIMATELY,HOWEVER,THEBUSINESSCASEISALSOFRAGILEASEMPLOYERSMAYFINDITMORECOSTEFFECTIVEINTHESHORTTERMTOCONTINUEWITHEXISTINGRELATIVELYAMATEURAPPROACHESWHATEVERHAPPENS,ITISCLEAR
39、THATSMALLEMPLOYERSNEEDTOGIVERATHERMORETHOUGHTANDATTENTIONTOTHEMANAGEMENTOFEMPLOYMENTTHANISCURRENTLYTHESITUATIONSOURCEEMPLOYEERELATIONSP236250,19998译文小型企业的招聘过程、方法和问题玛丽莲卡洛儿摘要本文从最近的案例中总结了小企业招聘的研究成果,本研究以确定是否跟进小企业的招聘程序的规范性为文学的概述,以及在何种程度上依赖于非正式的招聘方法。经研究发现系统的程序和值得信赖的和高使用率”审判“方法,包括招聘已知的和雇用”。此方法的含义是检查。虽然这些方法
40、具有一定的优势,他们也可能带来一些问题。该研究认为,该方法采用更正式的程序,可以减少小企业的员工流失和与其相关的成本。然而,它的结论是,许多案例中小雇主会不服开放的招聘渠道,可能会发现在短期内更多的成本是现有的有效方法。引言本文旨在了解小企业的做法如何比较符合规范的“教科书”的程序,无论这些小企业是否看到适合他们的需要小企业面临的招聘问题,他们采取什么样的战略克服这些困难。本文还重点讨论了使用网络的非正式招聘。恩萧等人的研究表示,失败的招聘和甄选决策往往是归咎于小企业中存在的后续纪律问题。因此,一些企业表示,目前正在更小心进行招聘,以确保他们找到“正确的”,这包括广泛非正规的使用,文字的口碑招
41、聘方法,招聘的“已知数量”。虽然作者认为,这是可以理解的雇主的观点,他也提出了质疑,招聘是否能通过非正式的网络加强现有的种族,性别或残疾失衡在劳动力,以及某些群体是否正被永久排除在小企业中。招聘中的个案研究企业虽然一些企业可能会被认为是太小,无法提供不同类型的机会或运动事业发展的工作,有一个巨大内部交易的劳动力市场操作的证据。受访者给出的原因是“激励人”,“鼓励忠诚”,“更好的水平”,或者是因为一个较低的水平会更容易填补外部空缺。在最有推广范围的行业,如酒店、餐饮业及律师事务所的内部,酒店及餐饮业管理人员试图找出与性向及能力的人的作用,促进他们进入一个更高级或产生监管时的空缺。这些律师事务所学
42、员历时表示,他们希望让它们合格后,如果可能的话,有一个相关联的公认职业道路,成为领薪的合作伙伴和公平9的合作伙伴。在印刷和道路运输行业存在的因为工作性质的促进机会很少,。然而,打印机有时有机会进入到一个更大的机器操作,司机则进入到较大的车辆。我们发现疗养院最难提供具有发展机会的职业,因为,想成为一个服务助理,就将意味着离开正规护士进行培训。封闭搜查,在案件中使用最广泛的研究企业的招聘方法。所有工作人员的建议使用了从27日发现了百分之百分之人员通过网络,每一个接触过的13个行业和工作人员直接从竞争对手挖走。一印刷企业已经能够填补方法,因为前开始六年的空缺所有这些。现有员工聘用的朋友和家庭成员是特
43、别常见的酒店及餐饮,公路运输和疗养院部门。有人这样这个人更有可能招募到“融入”好了。在酒店及餐饮业的就业机会,特别是涉及现金处理,一些招聘知识潜力的背景是思想的本质。然而,一些委员表示保留意见雇主雇用的朋友和家人,因为“如果你闹翻一你输了两个“。对于律师的人士的招聘收费“,通过网络”是很普遍的情况,包括提供就业机会,谁是律师所工作过的“另一面”中。这些企业有充足的机会来评估潜在的新聘人员的能力,通过观察他们如何在法院执行例如,对于。不同态度的工作人员偷猎。虽然一些受访者会挖走员工没有任何保留,其他人认为不道德“的做法为”。作为一名印度餐厅经理所说的,“它发生在这里经常轮,但我不这样做给其他人,
44、因为我不喜欢它发生在我身上。”有时,称职的工作人员是“水煮回来”之后离开,特别是在公路运输行业,司机往往从一个四处移动到另一企业为其他雇主工作,而事实上,招聘是以前的员工普遍。在所有部门,除了公路运输,供驾驶员必须在至少21至列车,一些企业招聘的单位直接向当地教育。封闭使用搜索典型原因包括认为,现有成员的工作人员是不可能有人建议不适合的“偏爱”已知数量,重视人谁就会在“配合”。只有两个人律师表示保留意见的影响非正式的机会,平等的口字,因为招聘的,因为它被认为宜考虑“整场”。响应招聘方法也被广泛使用。看着半前申请,如果再出现类似的空缺。超过同样,超过一半将提供临时工作,亲自来电联系电话或谁该企业
45、无论是,只要有一个空缺,而该人是合适的保持了百分之70感兴趣的申请人或登记的简历文件。从某种程度上说,这种做法是相当积极的比别人少,企业依托,以接触潜在的新兵池谁没发生过。另一方面,可以说,这些人利用在寻找工作的积极性,并10可能将所有的雇主更有吸引力,因为这个。较为正式的“公开搜索”的招聘方法,广告JOBCENTRES当地媒体是最常见的。JOBCENTRES经常被使用的几乎所有的个案研究企业的职员,至少对某些类别。对JOBCENTRES的优点,据说是他们都是免费的,广告,直到装满停留在空缺。然而,虽然一些受访者发现JOBCENTRES是一个很好的来源的新聘人员,另一些人表示不满,提供服务的标
46、准。最常见的投诉,候选人是“不正确审核”,他们常常不把面试注册,或者他们是“没有真正的工作有兴趣在寻找一个”。其它招聘企业使用较少的机构,主要是因为他们被视为昂贵。专家驱动机构被批评的公路运输企业,只有两个有使用它们,然后仅仅作为最后的度假胜地。再次,他们的书的人就被认为是“不正确地审查”,缺乏经验,或者不找永久的,全职的工作。虽然大多数企业已在当地报刊刊登,有的只有这样做时,更便宜的方法,未能产生一个合适的人选。广告的全过程,初步电话筛选(有时),筛选简历或申请表格,筛选,面试,背景调查(可能)并进行选择的决定被认为是不仅费时昂贵的管理条款,但视为“碰运气的事情。”只有三家企业已在全国报刊广
47、告,并在每一种情况下,这是一个“一次性”填补定期招聘方式的管理位置上,而不是作为。专业杂志的,但是,更多的企业广泛使用,特别是由律师。另一种流行的开放式搜索方法与感觉的酒吧和酒馆的酒吧是本身,它放置在空缺通知中有优势,吸引客户建立的同一类型的人的。其他护理安老院打开使用的搜索方法进行配售报摊招聘公告及职位空缺数目在邮局,在一个案例中,对当地电台广告。经审查在何种程度上这些企业遵循有关工作人员招聘过程中的处方和方法来吸引他们,我们现在可以转向的一个问题的评估中遇到的招聘工作。尽管使用多种方法的,组织的若干案例研究报告的困难,吸引员工。在某些情况下,这些困难更加复杂高员工流失率,这样,尽管他们的规
48、模小,企业已进行招聘活动,涉及永久性广告在就业中心和/或当地媒体的广告经常在。雇主实际上都不是招募和成本计算,直接和间接事实上,有些人说他们宁愿不知道。典型的回答是“这是一个必要的邪恶”和“我不需要什么要惊吓我。”虽然雇主几次承认自己的错误作出昂贵,水平普遍较高的满意度与招聘的方式表达。大部分雇主采用了一系列方法的不同,许多人表示“我不知道怎么回事,我们会做”。哪里有问题,他们被认为是源于这样一个缺乏合适的候选人,招聘方法,11而不是。结论本文的主要目的是概述和分析招聘与甄选的方法,使小企业把招聘的重点放在不同的地方,以便在一个范围的招聘情况下,有显着不同比例的妇女和男人。尽管如此具有多样性,
49、我们不能说是整体的结果能够推广到每一个劳动力都一样,尽管它们很有可能有类似的过程,方法和观察问题。从1998年调查职场员工关系的面世,我们得出企业雇用约有十个的做法可能会吸引更多的人以及更多就业的结论。从这些影响来看有一个结果,首先,霍利迪提出的“核心/短暂”研究模式支持我们的成果,小企业的雇佣关系是一个边缘模型,其核心特征是如此广泛地被引用。我们想表明,事实上组织中,在许多情况下有高流动率几乎听天由命的员工并没有几个,而周转使用的稳定性指数较高的员工占大多数。在小企业的经理似乎没有意识到行动的“成本”的招聘往往会变得明显,如果员工离开几天之后,如果他们未能在令人满意的水平履行雇主的职责,那些员工必须向就业法庭出庭捍卫自己。其次,由于小企业普遍确认为新的就业机会的主要来源是令人担忧的,尽管没有获得大的宣传雇主的开新机构,但这是他们的招聘做法往往是“独家”的性质,往往是“开放“申请人不知道这些机会对谁进行。第三,适应“主导强调”人际关系在招募阶段,尽管可以理解鉴于友谊随时间变化的关系和以前近距离可以打破的潜在不稳定。同样的,小企业所特有的高度个性化的管理风格可能会导致重估贡献的价值,并得到有危险的员工,一旦对其失去信任,几乎是不可能保持专业的工作关系,通常的结果是“被迫”解雇或辞职。当然,关键问题仍然在于小企业是否应鼓励采取更系统的招聘程序和方法,如果是的话,该如
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