硕士学位论文：善意取得中的两个问题——对《物权法》第 106、107条的解读.doc

1、1硕士学位论文（20 届）善意取得中的两个问题对物权法第 106、107 条的解读姓 名学 科 、 专 业 民 商 法 学 （ 全 日 制 法 学 硕 士 ）研 究 方 向 民 商 法指 导 教 师论文提交日期2善意取得中的两个问题对物权法第 106、107 条的解读（硕士论文摘要） 善意取得制度是适应商品经济发展需要而产生的一项交易规则,涉及民法所有权保护与交易安全之衡量与价值问题,为近代以来大陆法系和英美法系民法一项十分重要的法律制度“善意取得适用于动产领域历来没有争议,但是否适用于不动产领域,各国立法规定不一,学界亦存不同见解“ 。我国 2007 年 10 月 1 日开始实行的中华人民共

2、和国物权法第 106 条明确将 善意取得的适用范围扩大到 不动产，引发了学术界一番讨论的热潮，同时， 物权法第 107 条规定了关于遗失物善意取得的问题，也引起了笔者的一些思考，仅在本文中做一些粗浅探讨。本文除引言和结语外，分为三个部分,试图通过对不动产善意取得制度的立法比较、实践基础等诸方面的研究,寻求在不动产领域建立善意取得制度的理论依据,探讨不动产适用善意取得制度的可行性。并针对遗失物善意取得规定中的若干小问题进行简单的分析，以期对完善我国的善意取得制度有所建议。第一章主要是对不动产善意取得制度的比较研究。第一节首先介绍了不动产善意取得制度中的一个重要问题 ，就是“善意”的界定。善意是善

3、意取得制度的一个重要构成要件，可是说善意取得制度就是建立在第三人善意的基础上的，因此，准确把握善意的内涵，对适用善意取得制度意义重大。第二节介绍了各国立法中不动产善意取得的情况，实行实质审查主义的国家,因不动产的登记具有公信力,公众可以信赖已经登记的权利事项为真正的权利状况，存在不动产善意取得制度的基础，我国不动产登记实行实质审查主义，建立不动产善意取得制度是符合立法发展的。第二章第一节介绍了有关不动产善意取得制度建立的正反面学说，并加以评析，最后得出结论：不动产也可以适用善意取得制度，但不动产善意取得的具体含义应是：不动产的真权利人请求登记机关涂销错误登记后，原登记人的处分行为构成无权处分，

4、第三人因善意取得不动产所有权。而在错误登记被涂销前，第三人无论恶意或善意，均依合同继受取得不动产所有权。第二节论述3了不动产善意取得制度的存在依据:实践依据在于不动产登记制度普遍建立后 ,仍存在权利外像和真实权利的错位,第三人仍面临不动产交易危险，理论依据在于不动产登记的公信力。第三章介绍了有关遗失物善意取得的一些问题，共有四个小节。第一节分析了有关遗失物适用善意取得的正反面观点；第二节论述了遗失物善意取得的理论依据，并驳斥了有学者提出的， “遗失物所有人存在过错，具有可归责性，应当承担遗失物不能追回的法律后果，故遗失物不适用善意取得” ；第三节介绍了我国物权法第 10 条规定的回复请求权的性

5、质及在回复请求权的存续期间遗失物的归属情况；第四节总结遗失物可以适用善意取得制度，并指出从打击犯罪的角度，民法中不应规定盗赃物的善意取得。关键词：善意取得；不动产；公信力；交易安全；遗失物1Two Issues concerning Acquisition in Good FaithA Reading of Artical 106 and 107in “Property Law of PRC“(Abstract)The acquisition in good faith is a rule of transaction that has come into being to meet the

6、need of the development of commodity economy. It involves the protection of ownership in civil law and the evaluation of transaction safety and has been a very important legal system both in Romano-Germanic law and the Anglo-American law. There is no controversy about the application of acquisition

7、in good faith in the area of movable property, but different countries have different legislations about whether the principle can be applied in the area of real property. And the academies have different views about this issue. “Property Law of PRC” which carried out on Oct, 1st, 2007, extends the

8、application of acquisition in good faith to real property in Article 106. Academies have different views about this issue. And Article 107 mentioned application of acquisition in good faith in lost property causes me to think. Both above will be discussed in this issue.This issue is departed into th

9、ree parts except the introduction and the epilogue. This issue aims to make a thorough study into comparison of legislations and the basis of practice of the acquisition in good faith to find out the theoretical foundation of the system of the acquisition in good faith of real property and probe int

10、o the feasibility of the system. With the hope to give some advice to our legislation, this issue also talks about a few questions on lost property acquisition in good faith.2Part one: This part talks about real property acquisition in good faith by comparing. Section one discusses how to define goo

11、d faith which is one of the most important structure conditions of acquisition in good faith. Making definite of good faith is significant to the priciple of acquisition in good faith. Section two analyze different legal regulations of real estate acquisition in good faith. In the countries which th

12、e registering system of real estate is carried out through audit program, real estate can be effectively protected. We take the formalist of examine the matter, so real estate acquisition in good faith has the system foundation in our country.Part two: Section one in intruduces two different theorie

13、s in the academia of our country abot whether the Acquisition in Good Faith can be applied in the area of real property. And ending with the opinion that the acquisition in good faith can be applied in the area of real property only after the real owner ask for logout the wrong registration. Section

14、 two elaborates the existential foundation of real estate acquisition in good faith. Firstly，since the real estate registration system was founded, the situation was still existed which the rights registered do not be according with the fact, the third people will face the danger of real estate trad

15、ing. Secondly, theoretical foundation that the acquisition in good faith comes from the official belief force of real estate registration.Prat three: In this part something about lost property acqusition in good faith will be discussed in four sections. Section one talks about different opinions on

16、acqusition in good faith. Section two intruduces the theoretical foundation of lost property acqusition in good faith, and rebuts the view that the owner of lost property has fault to look after his property, so his must take the burden.Section 3three talks about the nature of remediation of origina

17、l owner and the person who is the real owner of the lost property.Section four explains the acquisition in good faith can not be applied in spoils and bootie in order to restrain crime.Key Words: acquition in good faith ; real property ; lost property ; public credibility ; safety of transaction1目 录

18、导 言 .1第一章 不动产善意取得制度的研究 .3第一节 善意的界定 .3一、 “善意”的内涵 .3二、 “善意” 的比较研究 .3第二节 不动产善意取得制度的比较研究 .5一、各国关于不动产善意取得的立法的比较 .5二、结论 .9第二章 不动产善意取得的学说评析及立法基础 .11第一节 正反面学说及评析 .11一、否定说及评析 .11二、肯定说及评析 .15第二节 不动产善意取得之立法基础 .18一、实践基础 .18二、理论基础 .19第三章 遗失物善意取得的适用 .21第一节 遗失物适用善意取得的正反面观点及评析 .21一、区分否定主义 .21二、区分肯定主义 .22三、我国物权法中遗失物的善意取得问题 .232第二节 遗失物善意取得制度的法理分析 .24一、遗失物适用善意取得的理论依据 .24二、遗失物不适用善意取得之否定 .25第三节 回复请求权 .26一、回复请求权存续期间的权利归属 .26二、回复请求权的性质 .27第四节 小结 .28结 语 .30参考文献 .31