管理学原理答案.doc

1、 （ CHAPTER 1 Innovation for turbulent time（ 1） TRUE/FALSE 1 Management is often considered universal（通用的） because it uses organizational resources to accomplish goals and attain（达到）high performance in all types of profit and not-for-profit organizations. T 2 Leadership involves the use of influence

2、to motivate（刺激） employees to achieve the organisations goals. T 3 Organising means defining（明确） goals for future organisational performance and deciding on the tasks and resources needed to attain them. F 4. Efficiency refers to the degree to which the organisation achieves a stated（规定的） objective（目

3、标） . F 5. The managers ability to think strategically（战略性的） requires high technical skills and a proficiency（精通） in specific tasks within an organisation. F 6. First-line managers are the managers who have the responsibility for making the significant（重大的） strategic（战略上的） policy decisions, often wit

4、h staff managers assisting（帮助） them in these decisions. F Multiple Choice 1. The figurehead role involves: A. motivating and communicating with staff B. initiating（发起） change C. handling ceremonial（正式的） and symbolic activities D. developing information sources within the organisation E. staying well

5、 informed about current affairs C 2. How an organisation goes about accomplishing a plan is a key part of the management function of: A. planning B. organising C. leading D. controlling E. motivating B 3. Which of the following is not a function of management? A. control B. plan C. organise D. lead

6、E. performance E 4. A social entity（本质） that is goal directed and deliberately（慎重地） structured is referred to as: A. an organisation B. management C. employees D. students E. tasks A 5. Which of the following types of skills is the understanding of and proficiency in the performance of specific task

7、s? A. human skill B. leadership skill C. technical skill D. conceptual（概念上的） skill E. social skill C 6. The informational role, according to Mintzberg, is a(n) _ role? A. entrepreneur（企业 家） B. leader C. figurehead（有名无实的领袖） D.celebratory E. monitor E FILL IN THE BLANKS 1. Social forces are the aspect

8、s of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people. 2. Economic forces pertain（属于） to the availability, production, and distribution（分配） of resources in a society. 3. The learning organization can be defined as one in which everyone is engaged in identifying and solving problems, ena

9、bling the organisation to continuously experiment, change, and improve, thus increasing its capacity to grow, learn and achieve its purpose. 4. Empowerment（授权） means giving employees the power, freedom, knowledge and skills to make decisions and perform effectively. 5. List three of the basic ideas

10、of scientific man 会议员 agement. Trained workers in standard（标准的） method Developed standard method for performing each job Selected workers with appropriate abilities for each job 6. Webers vision of organisations that would be managed on an impersonal, rational（合理的） basis is called a(n) bureaucratic

11、（官僚的） 7. List the three assumptions（设想） associated with McGregors Theory X. People are lazy; People dislike responsibility; People lack ambition CHAPTER 1 Innovation for turbulent time（ 2） TRUE/FALSE 1. The learning organization is an attitude or philosophy（哲学） about what an organization can become.

12、 T 2. The essential idea in a learning organisation is efficiency. F 3. As a manager, Lou prefers to think in terms of control over rather than control with others. This is in agreement with the idea of a learning organisation. F 4. Empowerment means giving employees the power, freedom, knowledge, a

13、nd skills to make decisions and perform effectively. T 5. Theory X and Theory Y, proposed by Douglas McGregor, provide two opposing（相反的） views of workers: Theory X recognises that workers enjoy achievement and responsibility, while Theory Y recognises（承认） that workers will avoid work whenever possib

14、le. F MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. _ forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people. A. Legal B. Economic C. Political D. Psychological E. Social E 2. Variables（变量） such as interest rates, inflation（通货膨胀） and trade tariffs（关税） are all examples of _ forces. A. te

15、chnological B. political C. social D. socio-educational E. none of the above E 3. Strategy has traditionally been the sole（唯一的） responsibility of: A. middle management B. project managers （项目经理） C. company accountants D. top managers D 4. During the early twentieth century, the prevailing（普通的） manag

16、ement perspective（观点） , which emphasised rationality（合理性） and a scientific approach, was the _ perspective. A. scientific B. behavioural C. classical D. quantitative E. Pareto C 5. The three subfields（子域） of the classical perspective include: A. bureaucratic organisation, quantitative management, an

17、d the human relations movement B. quantitative management, behavioural science, and administrative management C. administrative management, bureaucratic organisation, and scientific management D. scientific management, quantitative management, and administrative management E. none of the above C 6.

18、Bruce believes his employees are responsible and able to work without intense direction and supervision（管理） . He is a: A. Theory X manager B. Theory Y manager C. Theory Z manager D. contingency（偶然性） theory manager E. classical manager B SHORT ANSWER 1. Briefly discuss the relationship between manage

19、ment skills and management level. 1.management skills summarize in three categories:conceptual skills , human skills and technical skills.management level contains :top managers ,middle managers ,first-line managers and nonmanagers.top managers need conceptual skills,nonmanagers need technical skill

20、s,human skills is important to all management level （管理技能有三种：概念技能、人际技能、技术技能。概念技能包括： 高层管理者、中层管理者、一线管理者和非管理者。高层管理者需要概念技能。非管理者需要技术技能。人际技能对于管理水平来说很重要。） 2. What is the difference between efficiency and effectiveness? Which is more important for performance? 2.效率和效益向来都是企业追求的目标，二者既有联系又有区别。效益是指做正确的事情，效率则是做事

21、情运用正确的方法。 效益比效率更重要，因为无论效率再高，只要所做的事情不对，其结果就会是无益的劳动，而所付出的一切努力不过是一种浪费。追求效益必须考虑效率，考虑效益实现的速度问题。 CHAPTER 2 The environment and corporate culture TRUE OR FALSE 1、 The study of management traditionally has focused on factors external to the organisations. F 2、 The general environment and the task environmen

22、t are the two layers of an organisations external environment. T 3、 Customers and competitors are two important sectors of the economic dimension（次元） of a firms general environment. F 4. Other organisations in the same industry or type of business that provide goods or services to the same set of cu

23、stomers are referred to as suppliers. F 5. The internal environment within which managers work includes corporate（公司的） culture, sociocultural aspects and customers. F CHOICE 1. Which of these is a part of an organisations internal environment? A. its customers B. its salespeople C. its wage structur

24、e D. its suppliers E. its competitors B 2. The _ environment represents（表现） the outer layer of the environment and affects organisations _. A. task; indirectly B. general; directly C. internal; directly D. internal; indirectly （间接地） E. general; indirectly E 3. Which of these is NOT a part of an orga

25、nisations general environment? A. technological B. economic C. competitors D. legal-political E. sociocultural C 4. An organisations task environment includes all of the following EXCEPT: A. competitors B. customers C. labour markets D. employers E. suppliers D 5. Which of these are included in an o

26、rganisations task environment? A. suppliers B. accounting procedures （手续） C. technology D. government E. demographic（人口统计学的） characteristics A 6. Which of the following consists of demographic factors, such as population density? A. technological environment B. sociocultural environment C. legal-pol

27、itical environment D. internal environment E. economic environment B 7. The _ represents people in the environment who can be hired to work for the organisation. A. competitors B. labour market C. suppliers D. customers E. government B 8. Which statement （叙述） below is correct? A. When environment is

28、 dynamic（活跃的） , uncertainty is low. B. When the environment is unstable（动态的） , uncertainty is low. C. A dynamic environment has more uncertainty than a stable environment. D. The stability（稳定性） of the environment does not determine the structure of the firm. E. None of the above. C 9. Research has f

29、ound that a(n) _ structure works best when organisations experience uncertainty. A. flexible （灵活的） B. mechanistic （机械的） C. intuitive （直觉的） D. inorganic E. rigid （死板的） A FILL IN THE BLANKS 1. The external organizational environment includes all elements（元素） existing outside the boundary（分界线） of the o

30、rganisation that have the potential（可能性） to affect the organisation. 2. The general environment is the outer layer that is widely dispersed and affects organisations indirectly. 3. The internal environment includes the sectors that conduct day-to-day transactions （交易） within the organisation. 4. The

31、 labor market represents people in the environment who can be hired to work for the organisation. SHORT ANSWER 1. Briefly describe the task environment and its four primary sectors. 1.The task environment includes those sectors that have a direct working relationship with the organization.These incl

32、ude customers,competitor,supplier,and the labor market.Customers are the people and organizations in the environment who acquire goods and services from the organization.Competitor is other organizations in the same industry or type of business that provide goods or services to the same set of custo

33、mer.Suppliers are people and organizations who provide the raw materials the organization uses to produce its output.Labor market is the people available for hire by the organization. （任务环境包括和团体有正确的工作关系。这些包括消费者、竞争者、供应商和劳动力市场。消费者是指那些从企 业购买产品或者服务的个人或组织。 竞争者是指那些与本企业处于同一个行业、提供与本企业相同或类似产品的企业。供应商是那些提供原材料给

34、企业用来生产的个人或组织。劳动力市场是指能够为企业所雇佣的所有人的集合。） 2. Briefly describe and discuss the various levels of culture 2.Culture is the set of key values,beliefs, understandings,and norms that members of an organization share.Culture can be analyzed at the surface level and deeper level.Surface level includes artifact

35、s,such as dress, office layout ,symbols,slogans,ceremonies.Deeper level has two sectors.The first one is expressed values,such as “The Penney Idea“,“The HP Way“.The second one is underlying assumptions and deep beliefs ,such as “people here care about one another like a family“. （文化是指由一个组织内部所有成员共同认可

36、的价值观、信仰、共识及生活准则。文化被分解为浅层次和深层次。浅层次包括人工制品，例如裙子、办公布局、符号、标语、仪式。深层次有两方面。一种是明确的价值，如“ The Penney Idea”、“ The HP Way”。另一种是潜在的假设和深深的信仰，例如“这儿的人们把别人视作家庭成员关怀”。） CHAPTER 4 Ethics and Social Responsibility TRUE/FALSE 1、 Found between the domains（领域） of law and free choice, ethics（道德规范） is the code of moral princi

37、ples that governs any individual or group. T 2、 Most ethical dilemmas（困境） involve a conflict between the needs of the part and the whole. T 3. The four approaches that guide ethical decision making are utilitarian（功力的） , individualism, moral-rights and objective dualism（双重论） . F 应该是 justice approach

38、 公正原则 4. Free choice lies between the domains of codified law and ethics. F 5. Most of the laws guiding human resource management are based on the individualism approach. F 6. Culture is the only aspect of an organisation that influences ethics. F 7. All stockholders of an organisation are its stake

39、holders, but not all stakeholders are its stockholders. T CHOICE 1、 Which of these refers to the code of moral principles and values that govern behaviour with respect to what is right and wrong? A. social responsibility B. free domain C. ethics D. codified law （编纂法典） E. discretionary（任意的） responsib

40、ility C 2. Around _ per cent of adults reach the level three stage of moral development. A. 30 B. 40 C. 50 D. 80 E. 20 E 3. Ethics deals with _ values that are a part of corporate culture and shapes decisions concerning social responsibilit y with respect to the _ environment. A. internal/external B

41、. external/external C. internal/internal D. external/internal E. none of the above A 4. The assumption（假设） that If its not illegal, it must be ethical, ignores which of the following? A. domain of codified law B. domain of ethics C. domain of free choice D. discretionary responsibility E. domain of

42、symbolism B 5. The golden rule do unto others as they would do unto you is: A. an example of the utilitarian approach to ethical behaviour B. representative of the moral-justice approach to moral decision making C. an example of the values that guide the individualism approach to ethical behaviour D

43、. an age-old piece of advise not to be taken too seriously E. an example of the justice approach to ethical behaviour C 6. Individualism is most closely related to: A. social responsibility B. free choice C. economic responsibility D. codified law E. togetherness B 7. Sexual harassment（性骚扰） is uneth

44、ical because it violates（违反） an important part of which approach to ethical behaviour? A. the utilitarian approach B. the individualism approach C. the justice approach D. the moral-rights approach E. the defensive（防御的） approach D 8. Most of the laws guiding human resource management are based on th

45、e: A. utilitarian approach B. moral-rights approach C. individualism approach D. justice approach E. collectivism（集体主义） approach D FILL IN THE BLANKS 1. ethics is the code of moral principles and values that govern the behaviours of a person or group with respect to what is right or wrong. 2. A(n) e

46、thical dilemma arises in a situation when each alternative choice or behaviour is undesirable（不良的） because of potentially（可能地） harmful ethical consequences. 3. List the four criteria（条件） for ethical decision making described in the book. utilitarian approach; individualism approach ; moral rights ap

47、proach ; justice approach 4. List four examples of primary stakeholders. investors, suppliers, customers, stakeholders SHORT ANSWER 1. Explain the concept（概念） of a stakeholder and list five common stakeholders 1. A stakeholder is any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the o

48、rganizations performance. the local government ;the nature ; physical environments ;special interest groups; the quality of life （ 利益相关者是指在组织的内部或外部，与公司经营业绩相互关联的任何个人或组织。 当地政府、自然、物理环境 、特定兴趣小组、生活质量。） CHAPTER 5 Planning and Goal Setting TRUE/FALSE 1、 Of the four management functions, organizing is the most fundamental（根本的） , as everything practical（实际的） stems（血统）from careful organizatio