1、英汉语言对比及互译对策（下）Translation exercise:1.Oxford is much smaller in numbers, for example, than the State University of Minnesota, and is much poorer. It has, or had till yesterday, fewer students than the University of Toronto.例如，牛津大学在校学生数比明尼苏达州立大学要少多了，也穷多了。牛津的在校学生数 无论现在还是过去 都比多伦多大学少。2.The kaleidoscope o
2、f shifting interests made it impossible to sort out the “winners” and “losers”.各国的利益变化不定，好像万花筒一样 ，这就人人难以分辨出究竟谁是 “赢家 ”，谁是 “输家 ”。3.He has a strong dislike for the sentimental.他非常讨厌 多愁善感无病呻吟 。4.During his visit to China, the Korean foreign minister conferred with his Chinese counterpart a number of tim
3、es.在中国访问期间，韩国外交部长与 中国外交部长 举行了数次会谈。5. Potatoes are an important source of starchy food in temperate countries and bananas in tropics.马铃薯是温带国家淀粉食物的重要来源， 香蕉则是热带地区淀粉食物的重要来源 。6.玛丽会讲汉语，而且讲的很好。Mary speaks Chinese, and that very well.7.另外一种方法是化学方法。Another method is the chemical process.Another approach is t
4、he chemical method.8.非洲人民正在为争取非洲的彻底解放进行着艰巨的斗争。9. 这对加强中国国防十分重要。This is fundamental to the building up of Chinas national defence.10. 白雪纷飞，冬意正浓，在中国最大的传统节日 春节来临之际，由 XX大学文学院与 XX商务中心联合创办的中外文化进修（研习）中心为您推出假日好去处 集学习、考察、娱乐为一体的 “中国民俗文化讲习考察班 ”。To coincide the Spring Festivalthe Chinese equivalent of Christmas,
5、 the Study Center of Chinese and Foreign Cultures initiated by College of Humanities, Pujiang University and Jiehua Business Center, is going to organize “Chinese Folklore Study Program” mainly for foreigners to enjoy during the Chinese traditional holidays. The program will include a training cours
6、e and a joyful tour of finding facts of Chinese styles of life.l 5.英语句子重 “形合 ”，汉语句子重 “意合 ”例 1He is the last person for such a job.译文 他最不适宜担任这项工作。例 2This was an intelligently organized and fervent meeting in a packed Town Hall, with Mr. Strong in the chair.译文 这是一次精心组织起来的会议。市政厅里济济一堂，热情洋溢，主持会议的是斯特朗先生。英
7、语往往运用词形变化，连接词、介词、定于从句和独立主格表示成分之间各种语法关系，句子外形很严谨；汉语由于没有词形变化、定语从句和独立主格，连接词和介词也比英语少很多，所以往往用隐性连贯方法来表示各种语法关系，句子外形比较松散、自由。l 对策：英译汉：多运用汉语的动词，少用连接词，有时可以不译连接词；介词短语、定语从句和独立主格等在大多数情况下都被译为短语或分句l 例 3Come and see me tomorrow.l 译文 明天来看我。l 例 4He is the last person for such a job.l 译文 他最不适于担任这项工作。例 5This film show ho
8、w they put aside a thousand acres out west where the buffaloes roam and nobody can shoot a single one of them. If they do, they get in jail. It also showed some big National Park with government airplanes dropping food down to the deer when they got snowed and had nothing to eat.译文 电影演的是他们怎么在西边哪儿把一千亩土地划出来，让水牛自由行动，谁也不准开枪打死一只。打死了，就得坐牢。还有一段演的是某个大国立公园，政府派飞机往下扔吃的，（因为）那里的鹿让雪封住了，没吃的。
