Chapter 3.2Measurement Systems Analysis测量系统分析测量是科学的基础测量是科学的基础“I often say that when you measure what you are speaking about and express it in numbers,you know something about it.”LORD KELVINThe Science of Measurement2022/12/182Effects of Measurement ErrorAveragesVariabilitymmmtotalproductmeas.system=+Measurement System BiasMeasurement System VariabilityAccuracyPrecisions s2total =s s2product +s s2meas system2022/12/183测量误差测量误差平均值平均值变差变差mmm总产品测量系统=+测量系统的偏差测量系统的变差准确度精确度s s2total =s s2产品 +s s2测量系统2