1、 第四学时 Grammar 语法精讲定语从句（ 1)【 观察领悟 】观察下列句子，体会定语从句的用法。1 A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses， roads and canals.2 The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400， 000.3 Then， later that afternoon， another big quake which was
2、 almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.4 The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.5 Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.6 The boys who are playing football are from Class One.7 The girl whose father had given us a repo
3、rt got first.8 The girl whom I called just now is from America. 【 自我归纳 】1例句 1、 3的关系词分别为 _和 _，其先行词皆为物，可以互换。2例句 2、 4和 6的关系词皆为 _，其先行词为_、 _和 _。3例句 5、 7的关系词为 _，在定语从句中作定语。4例句 8的关系词为 _，在定语从句中作宾语。that whichwho peoplethose the boyswhose whom一、定义及分类在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词
4、(who； whom； whose； which； that； as)和关系副词 (when； where； why)。关系词常有 3个作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中担当一个成分。二、引导限制性定语从句的关系代词The man who/that is talking with my father is a teacher.正和我父亲说话的那个人是教师。Guilin is a city which/that has a history of 2， 000 years.桂林是一座拥有 2 000年历史的城市。The man (whom) you met just now is my
5、father.你刚刚遇到的人是我父亲。Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in.没有人要这个屋顶已坍塌的房子。注意： (1)关系代词 that既可指人也可指物。有时可与关系代词 which/who/whom互换 ， 但是当 which， whom放在介词的后面作宾语时 ， 不能与 that互换。(6) as引导定语从句 ， 可构成 the same.as， such.as结构。三、关系词只能用 that而不用 which的情况1当先行词为 all， everything， nothing， anything， little， much等不定
6、代词以及先行词被这些词修饰时。All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做了。2先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。This is the largest ship that I have ever seen.这是我曾经见过的最大的船。3当先行词被 the only， the very， the last修饰时。This is the very book that I am looking for.这正是我要找的那本书。4当先行词既指人，又指物时。We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。
