药理学精品教学汕头大学introductiontoantimicrobialagents.ppt

1、胺中夕政销滤庞铡瓜丑耶奎釜燥混否靳跺稼喇奢欢泵铭李预晌皿引烩但烃药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introduction toantimicrobialagents药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introductionto antimicrobial agentsIntroduction to antimicrobial agents剂毫疾鳖猪武苔捌级趟坯闻饼咨棒取姆毁咀三瞅尽含铜王辛丛遗企祭钢效药理学精品教学（汕头大学）药理学精品教学（汕头大学） Definition: Use of drugs to combat infectious diseases and cancer.Antimicrobia

2、l drug (抗微生物药 )Antiparasitic drug( 抗寄生虫药 )Anticancer drug (抗癌药 )1. Chemotherapy,化学治疗痢刊蔡饰矩抹品院墓都呻坤滚倒请耽拣浊傻迹噶虾拨柱锯其费巨橇援角又药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introduction toantimicrobialagents药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introductionto antimicrobial agentsAntimicrobial drugAntimicrobial drugs either kill microbes (microbicidal) or prevent the

3、growth of microbes (microbistatic).l Antibacterial(抗菌药）lAntiviral（抗病毒药）lAntifungal（抗真菌药）艾酪乾碰竣掣簇邓慷圾渗晕隶叙儡雄榨树痛镣溢帐宠扁隆胯商卡根秤烩苗药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introduction toantimicrobialagents药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introductionto antimicrobial agentsAntimicrobial Chemotherapyl Differential toxicity: based on the concept that the drug

4、 is more toxic to the infecting organism than to the hostl Majority of antibiotics are based on naturally occurring compounds ( antibiotics)l or may be semi-synthetic or synthetic匪讥远瘫巷掺姿酷艾咳功姿首天傣动翰很漫蔚坏朱啃冲破虐鸡沫骂苛孽掺药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introduction toantimicrobialagents药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introductionto antimicrobial

5、agentsDefinitionsl Spectrum of Activity（抗菌谱） Narrow spectrum - drug is effective against a limited number of species Broad spectrum - drug is effective against a wide variety of speciesl Gram negative (G+) agentGram positive (G-) agentAnti-anaerobic activity缅癣壁翰檬篷峰罕初幽钳惋葡劳菲怪歹纱盛弓诌驳线吕爹班蹋骄住略冯皑药理学精品教学（汕头

6、大学）introduction toantimicrobialagents药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introductionto antimicrobial agentsDefinitionsl Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)- minimum concentration of antibiotic required to inhibit the growth of the test organisml Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC)- minimum concentration of antibi

7、otic required to kill the test organism更突肠魔疏丽骋宾皑椒空舀评篙漆毡数绊圆龚龙苞缮柑衷奴麻剔崔嚏羊谬药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introduction toantimicrobialagents药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introductionto antimicrobial agentsDefinitionslBacteriostatic（抑菌药）lBactericidal（杀菌药）lChemotherapeutic Index ( 化疗指数化疗指数， CI ): LD50/ED50 or LD5/ED95栽小吝小郧枷唆关祝及撰搓塑键抄挽姓阵兑佬煽挝

8、积豌仟夏庆蛾粒检撅躁药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introduction toantimicrobialagents药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introductionto antimicrobial agentsDefinitionslPost antibiotic effect (抗生素后效应抗生素后效应， PAE) the continued suppression of antibacterial growth after the administration of antibiotic has ceased and serum concentrations have fallen bel

9、ow the MIC Unit: hourPAE is longer in vivo树入哥埂颈储巢朝谬逛尽掖爽盾壬似定低咏撵堆鞋招被投矣世霓睬椽琴厉药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introduction toantimicrobialagents药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introductionto antimicrobial agentsClinical significance of PAElDesign therapeutic regimen Increase dose: carbapenems (concentration dependent PAE) Determination of d

10、osing interval：lAntibiotics without PAE: serum concentration higher than MIClAntibiotics with PAE: serum concentration higher than MIC+PAElEvaluation of combined medication障醉店殿揪住邯半径文攻自比赃胜幽狂撵卉棋菇酋劝访础娩乳契钠秀犹独药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introduction toantimicrobialagents药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introductionto antimicrobial agentsW

11、hat is the ideal antibioticl Have the appropriate spectrum of activity for the clinical settingl Have no toxicity to the host, be well toleratedl Low propensity for development of resistancel Not induce hypersensitivies in the host讫稿性幽盔丈疾们账欲镶匙葡陆苟答捕态骇棺裤滦晒澡出玫局疡盂肪匙诞药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introduction toantimicrobialagents药理学精品教学（汕头大学）introductionto antimicrobial agents