光学试题与解答.doc

1、relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application problem (4)-scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard volume (units “1“) (2) find associat

2、e “volume rate corresponds to“ relationship, Then in-line solution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units of measur

3、ement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly method of re

4、lationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)-line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry prelimin

5、ary knowledge (2)-plane graphics review content triangle, and edges shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphics of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone 2, column is divide

6、d into: cuboid, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids and cubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table .和联系我们 你的位置：光学 试卷库 光学 试题与解答 1 光学试题与解答 1 | 光学试题与解答 2 | 光学试题与解答 3 | 光学试卷 1 光学试卷 2 | 光学试卷 3 | 光学试卷 4 | 光学试卷 5 光学试题与解答

7、 1(须给出必要的计算过程和绘图） 1(6 分) 若波的相速为 ，A 为常数，求波的群速 ？ 答： 2(6 分) 已知腔长为 60 厘米的 He-Ne 激光器的激活介质本身的谱线半值宽度 为 1300MHz，激活介质的折射率为 1.0，求输出激光的频谱中包含的纵模个数？ 答： ， ，L=60cm， 3(6 分) 空腔辐射器处于某一温度时， ，若该辐射器的温度增高到使其黑体辐射本领增加一倍时， 将变为多少 ？ 答： ， ， ， ， relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application prob

8、lem (4)-scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard volume (units “1“) (2) find associate “volume rate corresponds to“ relationship, Then in-line solution. Category fracti

9、on multiplication word problem score Division applications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size,

10、volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates

11、16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)-line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)-plane graphics review content triangle, and edges shaped, and rou

12、nd, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphics of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone 2, column is divided into: cuboid, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids and cubes relationsh

13、ip between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table .和4(8 分) 若冰洲石晶体的光轴方向为如图所示的虚线方向，用惠更斯作图法确定入射到该晶体上的一束平行光在晶体中的双折射情况？ 答：双折射情况如图所示： 5(10 分)用单色平行光垂直照射菲涅耳衍射屏，衍射屏对波前作如图所示遮挡，b 是衍射屏中心到相应场点 P 处的光程，求垂直衍射屏的中心轴上此场点 P 处的光强与自由传播时的光强之比? 答：（ 1）用矢量作图法。如图： ,自由传播时， ，

14、所以 。 （ 2）衍射屏相当于半面被遮挡，所以有 ， 。 6(10 分) 如图所示，两块 4 厘米长的透明薄玻璃平板，一边接触，另一边夹住一根圆形金属细丝，波长为 5890A 0 的钠黄光垂直照射平板，用显微镜从玻璃板上方观察干涉条纹。（1）若测得干涉条纹的间距为 0.1 毫米，求细丝直径 d 的值？（2）当细丝的温度变化时，从玻璃中央的固定点 A 处观察到干涉条纹向背离交棱的方向移动了 5 个条纹，则细丝是膨胀还是收缩了，温度变化后细丝直径的变化量是多少？ relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: a

15、pplication problem (4)-scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard volume (units “1“) (2) find associate “volume rate corresponds to“ relationship, Then in-line solution.

16、Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volu

17、me, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2,

18、 and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)-line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)-plane graphics review content triangle, and edges

19、shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphics of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone 2, column is divided into: cuboid, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids and c

20、ubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table .和答： （ 1） （ 2）干涉条纹向背离交棱的方向移动是干涉条纹间距变宽的结果， 由 可知，是两块平板间距（夹角）变小了，说明细丝收缩，直径变小了。 细丝直径的变化量是 7（12）如图所示，一列波长为 、在 X-Z 平面沿与 Z 轴夹角为 的方向传播的平面波，与一列源点在轴上、距坐标原点为 、波长也为 的球面波在傍轴条件下干涉，求在Z=0 的平面上干涉条纹的形

21、状和间距？ 答： relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application problem (4)-scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard volume (units “1“) (2) find

22、 associate “volume rate corresponds to“ relationship, Then in-line solution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units

23、of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly met

24、hod of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)-line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry

25、 preliminary knowledge (2)-plane graphics review content triangle, and edges shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphics of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone 2, column

26、is divided into: cuboid, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids and cubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table .和干涉条纹的形状为：圆形干涉条纹，圆心在 处。 间距为： 8(12 分) 如图所示，衍射屏上的三条平行透光狭缝的宽度依次为 ，缝间不透明部分的宽度均为 ，单色平行光正入射到衍射屏上，求观察屏上的夫琅和费衍射光

27、强分布？答：（ 1） ， ； ， ， relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application problem (4)-scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard volume (units “1“

28、) (2) find associate “volume rate corresponds to“ relationship, Then in-line solution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of com

29、mon units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method an

30、d poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)-line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject

31、: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)-plane graphics review content triangle, and edges shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphics of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone

32、2, column is divided into: cuboid, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids and cubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table .和（ 2）把宽度为 的缝分为两个宽度为 a 的单缝。对于 4 个宽度为 a 的单缝，有 ， ； （ 3）把宽度为 的缝分为两个宽度为 a 的单缝。前两个单缝组成的双缝和后两个单缝组成的双缝

33、的的衍射光强分布均为： 前后两组单缝再组合的合光强分布为： ； ； 所以： （ 4） ， ， relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application problem (4)-scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determin

34、e standard volume (units “1“) (2) find associate “volume rate corresponds to“ relationship, Then in-line solution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and

35、 units of measurement of common units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and pol

36、y method 3, and of method and poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)-line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classificatio

37、n (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)-plane graphics review content triangle, and edges shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphics of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divi

38、ded into: cylinder and cone 2, column is divided into: cuboid, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids and cubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table .和， 9(15 分) 如图所示，在两个偏振片 P 1 和 P 2 之间插入一块 的波晶片 K，其光轴方向与偏振片 P 1 和 P 2

39、 透振方向的夹角分别为 图示的 45 0 和 30 0 。一束强度为 I 0 的单色平行自然光垂直入射到该装置上，忽略吸收、反射等光损耗，求光在 I 、II、 III 区里光的偏振态 (画出偏振态图) 和光强度？ 答： I 区：是线偏振光，偏振方向为 的透振方向，即从波晶片光轴方向逆时针旋转 的方向。光强度为： 。 II 区： ， ， 。是处于二四象限的右旋椭圆偏振光。光强度为： 。 III 区：是线偏振光，偏振方向为 的透振方向，即从波晶片光轴方向顺时针旋转 的方向。 ；即 relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and s

40、ubject: application problem (4)-scores and percentage application problem review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard volume (units “1“) (2) find associate “volume rate corresponds to“ relationship, Then in-line s

41、olution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division applications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, a

42、rea, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly used time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measu

43、rement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)-line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)-plane graphics review content triangle, a

44、nd edges shaped, and round, and fan axisymmetric graphics perimeter and area combination graphics of area subject : Preliminary knowledge (3)-review of solid content category 1-d shapes are divided into: cylinder and cone 2, column is divided into: cuboid, square 3, cone cone of the features of cubo

45、ids and cubes relationship between characteristics of circular cone is slightly solid surface area and volume 1, size 2, table .和10(15 分)如图所示，凹厚透镜的折射率为 1.5，前后表面的曲率半径分别为图示的 20 毫米和 25 毫米，中心厚度为 20 毫米，后表面镀铝反射膜，在前表面左方 40 毫米处放置一个高度为 5 毫米的小物体。 求在傍轴条件下，最后成像的位置、高度和像的倒正、放缩和虚实情况？ 答：第一次成像： ； ， ， 成正立、缩小的虚像。 第二次成

46、像： ； ， ， 成正立、缩小的虚像。 第三次成像： ； ， ， ，像位于凹厚透镜前表面 O 1 右方 13.33mm 处，像高 0.33mm。成正立、缩小的虚像。 附加题： (10 分) 如图所示，焦距为 10 厘米的薄透镜从中心对称切去 2 毫米，然后对接起来，波长为 4000A 0 的单色点光源 S 置于对接薄透镜 6 厘米远处relationship, established equivalent relationship 14, and subject: application problem (4)-scores and percentage application problem

47、 review content overview answers scores, and percentage application problem of key is: according to meaning, (1) determine standard volume (units “1“) (2) find associate “volume rate corresponds to“ relationship, Then in-line solution. Category fraction multiplication word problem score Division app

48、lications engineering problem problem XV, a subject: review of the measurement of the amount of capacity, measurement and units of measurement of common units of measurement and their significance in rate 1, currency, length, area, volume, unit size, volume, weight and rate. (Omitted) 2, commonly us

49、ed time units and their relationships. (Slightly) with a measurement units Zhijian of of poly 1, and of method 2, and poly method 3, and of method and poly method of relationship measurement distance of method 1, and tool measurement 2, and estimates 16, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (1)-line and angle review content line, and segment, and Ray, and vertical, and parallel, and angle angle of classification (slightly) 17, and subject: geometry preliminary knowledge (2)-plane graphics review content triangle, and edges sh