东财1109批次《工程测量》复习题及参考答案.doc

1、According to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common with learning exch

2、ange, purpose is let we further deep understanding mass line of connotation, insisted party of mass line, do masses work, following main from four a aspects told: a, and full awareness party of mass line education practice activities of major meaning Partys 18 major distinct proposed to focus on the

3、 partys advanced nature and purity, in the party, with “pragmatic and clean for the people“ as the main content of the partys mass line and educational practice. This is comrade XI Jinping as party General Secretary and adhere to strictly administering the party, strengthen the partys major decision

4、 is in line with the public expectations and strengthening the construction of learning-oriented service innovation of Marxist partys major deployment, is the important measure to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. First, carry out the partys mass line in education pr

5、actice, was carrying 18 of the party spirit, summon a powerful force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream of urgent needs. Partys 18 to promote strategic deployment to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, presents two 100-year goal, namely, by 2020

6、 Chinas gross domestic product and per capita income of urban and rural residents in 2010 on the basis of double complete the building of a well-off society; the middle of this century into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious Socialist modern country, and on this basis, the Chinese dr

7、eam of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. 18 Congress of the party, Comrade XI Jinping repeatedly expounded the Chinese dream. The basic connotation of the Chinese dream, is the national prosperity, national revitalization, the happiness of the people, China important to follow

8、is to keep China Road, carry forward the spirit and cohesion strength of China, dream dreams of the people of China, but determined confidence, enhance self-awareness, achieve self-reliance, to build a stronger China, civilization, harmony, beauty, China, China, China. Strategic conception of China

9、was 18 the spirit of the enrichment and development of the party, conscientiously study the Chinese dream, leading people to hard to realize the Chinese dream, mass education activities in depth the fundamental starting point and ending point. Strengthen the education of the partys mass line, helps

10、to train the collective consciousness of the unity of the party and the people, playing the Chinese dream ideological bases. Comrade Mao Zedong stressed that parties should have “common language“ socialist countries must have “unity of will“. History hasproved that a people and a nation, if it does

11、not have its own spiritual pillar, there is no unity of spiritual support, it means that no soul, will lose cohesion and vitality. Figuratively speaking, a sack of potatoes, quantity cannot be too a team, form a joint force; only like granite, so closely United to form invincible, no difficult means

12、 of strength. National rejuvenation of Chinese dream, not only embodies the common interests and pursuits, and covers a variety of groups and classes, has a wide applicability and inclusive, with a strong integrating force and lead the force. She embodies the aspirations of several generations of Ch

13、inese, reflecting today . Into sex and purity, and the inevitable requirement of constantly improving the partys governing capacity. Strengthening the construction of the advanced nature and purity, the core problem is always maintaining the partys flesh-and-blood ties with the masses, so that our p

14、arty will always be the most wholehearted support of the masses. Must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the party all the starting point and ending point, the party has always been a common fate with the masses, this is the magic weapon for our party to alw

15、ays maintain the advanced nature and purity. Strengthening the construction of partys advanced nature and purity and enhancing the partys ruling ability will eventually be implemented to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. All the work

16、 merits this is a measure of the partys fundamental standards, is a measure of the partys advanced nature and purity standards. Believe who, depending on who, who, standing on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people are always, always realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental in

17、terests of the overwhelming majority of the people, it is a touchstone of the Marxist party of judgement, is also sign of Marxist party is different from other political parties. Marxist political party has a clear political position and historical mission: for the interests of the vast majority of

18、people, committed to the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. From the day of the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, always adhere to basic principles of historical materialism, for the interests of the most people as their goal, always serving as its fundamen

19、tal purpose and values. Fully trust the masses, closely rely on the masses maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the masses is always the source of our party full of vigor and vitality, is always the most determined in the development of our party and our country. Conscientiously accept supervision by

20、the masses, pay attention to listen to the masses assessment, which itself was the partys advanced nature and purity into practical action to realize the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. At present, the party committees and leading cadres and the Government generally

21、 value the close relations with the masses, do a lot of productive work, but there are still some1、单项选择题 (只有一个正确答案) 【1】地形等高线经过河流时，应是（ B）。 A: 近河岸时折向河流上游并与河流正交 B: 近河岸时折向河流上游 C: 近河岸时折向河流下游 D: 直接相交通过【2】变形观测时，必须以稳定不动的点为依据，这些稳定点称为（D）。 A: 工作基点 B: 标志点 C: 变形点 D: 基准点【3】为了充分显示地貌的特征和便于地形图的阅读和应用，在地形图上常采（ ）三种等高线。

22、 C: 首曲线、计曲线、间曲线 【4】按设计位置把点位标定到实地的工作称为（c ）。 A: 监测 B: 测绘 C: 测设 D: 以上说法都对 【5】在野外进行地形测图中，为保证测量质量，地形点的间距选择一般是（ d）。 A 随绘图技巧而 B 随测绘方法而定 C 随仪器的精度而定 D 随比例尺和地形而定 【6】用视距法测量水平距离和高差时，需要用仪器观测的数据是（D）。 A: 仪器高 B: 竖盘读数 C: 瞄准高 D: 尺间隔 【7】下面不属于施工测量的主要内容的是（ B）。 A: 建立施工控制网 B: 确定场地平整的设计高程 C: 变形观测 D: 建筑物、构筑物的详细放样 【8】相对高程是由（

23、D ）起算的地面点高度。 A: 竖直面 B: 水平面 C: 大地水准面 D: 任意水准面 【9】某地形图的比例尺为 1/2000，则其比例尺精度为（ C）。 A: 0.05m B: 0.5m C: 0.2m D: 0.02m 【10】线路直线段上的线路控制桩有（ D）。 A 边桩和直线转点桩 B:交点桩和边桩 C: 中桩和边桩 D: 交点桩和直线转点桩 【11】地貌是指地面高低起伏的自然形态。地面高低变化大，倾斜角一般在2o-6o，比高不超过 150m 的，称为（ d）。 A: 高山地 B: 平地 C: 山地 D: 丘陵地 【12】DJ6 表示一测回方向观测中误差不超过（b ）。 A: 10

24、B: 6 C: 2 D: 12 【13】平板仪的安置包括概略整平、对中、精确整平和定向四项工作，最为重要的一项为（ a）。 A: 定向 B: 对中 C: 精确整平 D: 概略整平 【14】表示地物的符号有（ b）。 B: 比例符号、非比例符号、线性符号、注记符号 【15】对地面上已有的地物和地貌进行测量，计算其坐标或在图纸上描绘出来，称为（ a）。 A: 测定 B: 测设 C: 监测 【16】消除仪器下沉的影响( a)。 A: 采用“后、前、前、后”的观测程序 B: 采取设置偶数测站的方法 C: 前、后视中使用同一根水准尺 D: 使前、后视距离相等 【17】地形图上相邻等高线的平距大，则地形的

25、坡度（c ）。 A: 不变 B: 陡（大） C: 平缓（小） D: 都不对 【18】设地面上有 A、B 两点，两点的高程分别为 HA=19.186m，HB=24.754m，则 A、B 两点的高差 hAB=（d ）m。 According to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level

26、limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common with learning exchange, purpose is let we further deep understanding mass line of connotation, insisted party of mass line, do masses work, following main from four a aspects told: a, and full awareness party

27、of mass line education practice activities of major meaning Partys 18 major distinct proposed to focus on the partys advanced nature and purity, in the party, with “pragmatic and clean for the people“ as the main content of the partys mass line and educational practice. This is comrade XI Jinping as

28、 party General Secretary and adhere to strictly administering the party, strengthen the partys major decision is in line with the public expectations and strengthening the construction of learning-oriented service innovation of Marxist partys major deployment, is the important measure to advance the

29、 great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. First, carry out the partys mass line in education practice, was carrying 18 of the party spirit, summon a powerful force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream of urgent needs. Partys 18 to promote strateg

30、ic deployment to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, presents two 100-year goal, namely, by 2020 Chinas gross domestic product and per capita income of urban and rural residents in 2010 on the basis of double complete the building of a well-off society; the middle of this century into a

31、 prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious Socialist modern country, and on this basis, the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. 18 Congress of the party, Comrade XI Jinping repeatedly expounded the Chinese dream. The basic connotation of the Chinese dream,

32、 is the national prosperity, national revitalization, the happiness of the people, China important to follow is to keep China Road, carry forward the spirit and cohesion strength of China, dream dreams of the people of China, but determined confidence, enhance self-awareness, achieve self-reliance,

33、to build a stronger China, civilization, harmony, beauty, China, China, China. Strategic conception of China was 18 the spirit of the enrichment and development of the party, conscientiously study the Chinese dream, leading people to hard to realize the Chinese dream, mass education activities in de

34、pth the fundamental starting point and ending point. Strengthen the education of the partys mass line, helps to train the collective consciousness of the unity of the party and the people, playing the Chinese dream ideological bases. Comrade Mao Zedong stressed that parties should have “common langu

35、age“ socialist countries must have “unity of will“. History hasproved that a people and a nation, if it does not have its own spiritual pillar, there is no unity of spiritual support, it means that no soul, will lose cohesion and vitality. Figuratively speaking, a sack of potatoes, quantity cannot b

36、e too a team, form a joint force; only like granite, so closely United to form invincible, no difficult means of strength. National rejuvenation of Chinese dream, not only embodies the common interests and pursuits, and covers a variety of groups and classes, has a wide applicability and inclusive,

37、with a strong integrating force and lead the force. She embodies the aspirations of several generations of Chinese, reflecting today . Into sex and purity, and the inevitable requirement of constantly improving the partys governing capacity. Strengthening the construction of the advanced nature and

38、purity, the core problem is always maintaining the partys flesh-and-blood ties with the masses, so that our party will always be the most wholehearted support of the masses. Must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the party all the starting point and ending

39、point, the party has always been a common fate with the masses, this is the magic weapon for our party to always maintain the advanced nature and purity. Strengthening the construction of partys advanced nature and purity and enhancing the partys ruling ability will eventually be implemented to real

40、ize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. All the work merits this is a measure of the partys fundamental standards, is a measure of the partys advanced nature and purity standards. Believe who, depending on who, who, standing on the position of

41、 the overwhelming majority of the people are always, always realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, it is a touchstone of the Marxist party of judgement, is also sign of Marxist party is different from other political parties. Marxist poli

42、tical party has a clear political position and historical mission: for the interests of the vast majority of people, committed to the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. From the day of the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, always adhere to basic principles

43、of historical materialism, for the interests of the most people as their goal, always serving as its fundamental purpose and values. Fully trust the masses, closely rely on the masses maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the masses is always the source of our party full of vigor and vitality, is alway

44、s the most determined in the development of our party and our country. Conscientiously accept supervision by the masses, pay attention to listen to the masses assessment, which itself was the partys advanced nature and purity into practical action to realize the fundamental interests of the overwhel

45、ming majority of the people. At present, the party committees and leading cadres and the Government generally value the close relations with the masses, do a lot of productive work, but there are still someA: 5.568 B: 43.940 C: 43.940 D: 5.568 【19】用钢尺丈量某段距离，往测为 112.314m，返测为 112.329m，则相对误差为（ c）。 A: 1

46、/15000 B: 1/3750 C: 1/7500 D: 1/10000 【20】在施工放样中，当建筑场地平坦，且控制点离放样点不超过一整尺段长度时，可采用（d ）A:角度交会法 B: 直角坐标法 C: 极坐标法 D: 距离交会法 21、大地水准面 答案: 大地水准面是假想的不受潮汐、风浪干扰、静止的平均海水面伸延穿过大陆和岛屿所形成的闭合曲面；人们设想将静止的海水面向整个陆地延伸、用所形成的的闭合曲面代替地球表面，这个曲面称为大地水准面。大地水准面是水准面中的一个特殊的水准面；是重力等位面。22、水准点 答案:用水准测量的方法测定的高程控制点，称为水准点，记为 BM(Bench Mark)

47、（1 分） 。水准点有永久性水准点和临时性水准点两种。23、比例尺精度 答案: 把图上 0.1mm 所表示的实地水平长度称为比例尺精度。24、等高线 答案: 等高线是指地面上相同高程的相邻各点连成的封闭曲线，也就是设想水准面与地表面相交形成的闭合曲线。三、简答题 25、试述在线路的交点上，测设圆曲线主点的步骤。 答案: （1）在 JD 点安置经纬仪，以线路方向（亦即切线方向）定向，自 JD 沿两线路方向分别量出切线长 T，即得线路起点 ZY或终点 YZ。（2 ）后视 YZ 点，顺时针拨角（180 -）/2，得分角线方向，沿此方向自 JD 点量出外矢距 E，得圆曲线中点 QZ。26、望远镜的作用

48、是什么？主要有哪些部件组成？ 答案 :望远镜的作用是照准和看清目标，并能截取水准尺上的读数。望远镜主要由物镜、目镜、调焦透镜和十字丝分划板等组成。27、导线测量内业计算的目的是什么？其外业工作主要包括哪些？ 答案:导线测量内业计算的目的是计算各导线点的坐标；（3 分）导线测量外业工作包括踏勘选点、建立标志、角度测量（测角） 、边长测量（测距） 。 （3）28、线路横断面测量的常用方法有哪些? 答案:线路横断面测量的常用方法有：经纬仪视距法；水准仪法和测距仪法。29、水准仪有哪些主要轴线，各轴线之间应满足哪些几何条件？ 答案:水准仪的主要轴线有以下四条：望远镜视准轴 cc、水准管轴 LL、圆水准

49、器轴 LL及仪器竖轴 vv。各轴线之间应满足以下条件：圆水准器轴线应平行于竖轴，即 LLVV；水准管轴应平行于视准轴，即 LLCC；十字丝中横丝应垂直于竖轴。30、何谓水准管的分划值？其数值大小与测量仪器的精度关系如何？ 答案:水准管一格的弧长 2mm 所对应的圆心角称为水准管分划值。其数值的大小反映了仪器置平精度的高低，分划值愈小，其灵敏度愈高。四、计算题 31、将图 26-1 中数据填入表 26-1 中，并进行计算。考核知识点：水准测量成果整理，参见 P18According to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common