自动化级自动检测技术复习题.doc

1、Learn General Secretary on “two to learn a“ strengthening “four Consciousnesses“ important speech caused a strong reaction in the country. Time, watching “red treasure“, the origin of building the party back to power, how to strengthen services for the masses, improve party cohesion, fighting to bec

2、ome the grass-roots party members and masses hot topic. Grass-roots party organizations “two“ is to strengthen the service of party members and cadres, the pioneer spirit. Distribution of grass-roots party organizations in all walks of people, clothing, shelter, which belongs to the nerve endings of

3、 the party organization and comments reputation has a direct perception of the masses. Strengthen the party ahead of the “pedal“ spirit; strengthen the party members and cadres “success does not have to be me“ and “the first to bear hardships, the last to“ service spirit to set the partys positive i

4、mage among the people is important. Grass-roots party organizations “two“ is to cleanse all people not happy not to see “stereotypes“, establish the honest faithful, diligent faith for the people. No need to avoid mentioning that, some members of our party can not stand the “money,“ corrosion of tem

5、ptation, thin, Xu Zhou, such abuse and corrupt bribery, malfeasance borers, and rats. Two, is to clean up, thin, Xu, Zhous solution to restore the partys fresh and natural, solid and honest work style. Cleansing “take, eat, card,“ undesirable and behaviour, “cross, hard and cold, push“ attitude. Gra

6、ss-roots party organizations “two“ is to strengthen the sense of ordinary party members, participating in consciousness, unity consciousness. For reasons known, members of grass-roots party branches less mobile, less resources, and the construction of party organizations have some lag. Two studies,

7、is to focus on the grass-roots party branches “loose, soft, loose“ problem, advance the party members and cadres, “a gang working“, “Hong Kong report.“ Strong cleanup actions, style and rambling, presumptuous “unqualified“ party members, pays special attention to party members and cadres “joining pa

8、rty of thought“ problem. “Party building“ is obtained in the long-term development of our partys historical experience accumulated. Two is our party under the new historical conditions, strengthen the partys construction of a new “rectification movement.“ Grass-roots party organizations should alway

9、s catch the hard work, results-oriented. Two educational outcomes are long-term oriented and become an important impetus for the work. “Two“ should have three kinds of consciousness “two“ study and education, basic learning lies in the doing. Only the Constitution address the series of party rules,

10、and do solid work, be qualified party members had a solid ideological basis. Only the “learning“ and “do“ real unity, to form a “learn-learn-do-do“ the virtuous cycle, and ultimately achieve the fundamental objective of education. This requires that the Organizationlearning education, need three kin

11、ds of consciousness: one is to establish an integrated awareness. “Learning“ and “do“ what car isTwo-wheel, bird wings, need to go hand in hand, one end can be neglected. Communist theoretician and man. Only by closely combining theory and practice together in order to truly realize their value. “Le

12、arning“ is the Foundation, the Foundation is not strong, shaking; “ “Is the key to net to net thousands of accounts. “Two“ education, “ lay the basis, going to “do“ the key grip, so that the “learning“ and “doing“ back to standard, so that the majority of party members “learn“ learning theory of nut

13、rients, in the “doing“ practice partys purposes. Second, to establish a sense of depth. “Learning“ and “do“ not Chu drawn, entirely different, but the organic unity of the whole. “Two“ learning education, we need to explore integrating “learning“ in “do“, exhibit “do“ in “Science“. To avoid the “lea

14、rning“ into simple room instruction, “do“ into a monotone for doing. Should exploration “learn“ in the has “do“, “do“ in the has “learn“ of education and practice of carrier, makes general grass-roots members can in “learn“ in the has “do“ of achievements sense, in “do“ in the has “learn“ of get sen

15、se, real makes party of theory brain into heart, put for people service concept outside of Yu shaped. Third, to adhere to long-term the awareness. Style construction on the road forever, “two“ had to catch the long-term. “Two“ study and education, by no means, assault-style wind-sport, but the recur

16、rent education within the party. In recent years, the partys mass line education practice and “three-three“ special education in grass-roots borne rich fruits, vast numbers of party members and cadres withstood the baptism of the spirit. “Two“ greater need to focus on longer hold long-term, to estab

17、lish and perfect the effective mechanism of the education, focusing on the creation of long-term education, strive to make the vast number of party members to maintain their vanguard Color, maintain the partys advanced nature and purity. Awareness-raising, antennas and atmosphere a discussion on how

18、 leading cadres of party members “two“ current, “two“ activity is in full swing up and down the country, party cadres as a “key minority“ is both a barometer and impetus. The “two“ meaning enough deep, is to determine the party cadres can resolve to study hard first. In the “two“ in the process, som

19、e cadres of himself, standing long, high awareness, that Constitution Party rules is simple, its not worth bothering some party cadres think speak series has nothing to do with the grass-roots work, water business learning series of speeches seen as window dressing. These “lazy, casual, and decadent

20、“ ideas learning lacks motivation, a serious impediment to “two“ effect. John Stuart Mill once said, only a basic element of human thought patterns change dramatically, human destiny can make great improvement. The same, only party members and一、判断题1. 传感器标定时，标准器应有足够的精度，其允许的基本误差不应超过被校传感器允许基本误差的1/31/5，

21、并具有计量部门周期检定的合格证书。X2. 系统误差是有规律性的，因此可以通过实验的方法或引入修正值的方法计算修正，也可以重新调整测量仪表的有关部件予以消除。3. 存在随机误差的测量结果中，虽然单个测量值误差的出现是随机的，既不能用实验的方法消除，也不能修正，但是就误差的整体而言，多数都服从正态分布规律。3. 传感器所能测量的最大被测量（输入量）的数值称为测量上限，最小被测量称为测量下限，上限与下限之间的区间，则称为测量范围。传感器所能测量的最大被测量（输入量）的数值称为测量上限，最小被测量称为测量下限，上限与下限之间的差值，则称为量程。检测技术是以研究自动检测系统中的信息提取、信息转换及信息处

22、理的理论和技术为主要内容的一门应用技术学科。4. 对于数字仪表而言，指示数字的最后一位数字所代表的值就是它的分辨力。当被测量的变化小于分辨力时，仪表的最后一位数字保持不变。5. 为了减少读数误差。读数时要正视量具的读数装置，不要造成斜视误差。测量同一个点有 23 个接近的数值时，应取算术平均值作为测量结果。6. 灵敏度是传感器在稳态下输入（出）增量与输出增量的比值 。X7. 莫尔条纹的作用是能连续实现变倍并在很大程度上消除由于刻线不均匀引起的误差。8. 光电池是利用内光电效应制成的光电元器件。X9. 一般可用霍尔传感器测量磁场强度、电流、角位移、功率、转速、开关信号等参数。10. 原始的压电陶

23、瓷是一个非压电体，不具有压电效应。为了使压电陶瓷具有压电效应，就必须进行极化处理。11. 互感传感器本身就是变压器，有一次绕组和二次绕组。一次侧接入激励电源后，二次侧将因互感而产生电压输出。当绕组间互感随被测量变化时，输出电压将产生相应的变化。12. 镍铬考铜电偶的分度号为 K。13. 变面积式电容传感器的输出特性是非线性的，这一类传感器多用于检测直线位移、角位移、尺寸等参量。14. 压电效应即在电介质的极化方向施加交变电场，它会产生机械变形。当去掉外加电场，电介质变形随之消失的现象。15. 常用的接近开关有电涡流式、电容式、磁性干簧开关、霍尔式、光电式、微波式 、超声波式等。16. 脉冲细分

24、技术能在不增加脉冲细分技术能在不增加光栅刻线数及价格的情况下提高光栅的分辨力。20. 电涡流接近开关可以利用电涡流效应检测出塑料零件的靠近程度。17. 10 分度的游标卡尺的读数可精确到 0. 1mm。20 分度的游标卡尺的读数可精确到 0. 05mm。50 分度的游标卡尺可精确到 0.02mm。18. 石英晶体的压电系数比压电陶瓷的大得多，所以采用石英晶一般体采用石英晶体制作标准力传感器。19. 采用高分子压电薄膜振动感应片，可制成玻璃破碎报警装置。20. 由于光纤传感器是利用光波传输信息，而光纤又是电绝缘、耐腐蚀的传输媒质，并且安全可靠，这使它可以方便有效地用于各种大型机电，石油化工、矿井

25、等强电磁干扰和易燃易爆等恶劣环境中。21. 电位器式位移传感器结构简单、价格低廉，输出信号大，一般不需放大，动态响应好。22. 传感型光纤式传感器利用外界因素改变光纤中光的特征参量，从而对外界因素进行计量和数据传输的，它具有传光、传感合一的特点，信息的获取和传输都在光纤之中。23. 由于光电开关输出回路和输入回路是电隔离的（即电绝缘） ，所以它可以在许多场合得到应用。24. 磁尺是检测位移的基准尺，磁头用来读取磁尺上的记录信号。按读取方式不同，磁头分为动态磁头和Learn General Secretary on “two to learn a“ strengthening “four Con

26、sciousnesses“ important speech caused a strong reaction in the country. Time, watching “red treasure“, the origin of building the party back to power, how to strengthen services for the masses, improve party cohesion, fighting to become the grass-roots party members and masses hot topic. Grass-roots

27、 party organizations “two“ is to strengthen the service of party members and cadres, the pioneer spirit. Distribution of grass-roots party organizations in all walks of people, clothing, shelter, which belongs to the nerve endings of the party organization and comments reputation has a direct percep

28、tion of the masses. Strengthen the party ahead of the “pedal“ spirit; strengthen the party members and cadres “success does not have to be me“ and “the first to bear hardships, the last to“ service spirit to set the partys positive image among the people is important. Grass-roots party organizations

29、 “two“ is to cleanse all people not happy not to see “stereotypes“, establish the honest faithful, diligent faith for the people. No need to avoid mentioning that, some members of our party can not stand the “money,“ corrosion of temptation, thin, Xu Zhou, such abuse and corrupt bribery, malfeasance

30、 borers, and rats. Two, is to clean up, thin, Xu, Zhous solution to restore the partys fresh and natural, solid and honest work style. Cleansing “take, eat, card,“ undesirable and behaviour, “cross, hard and cold, push“ attitude. Grass-roots party organizations “two“ is to strengthen the sense of or

31、dinary party members, participating in consciousness, unity consciousness. For reasons known, members of grass-roots party branches less mobile, less resources, and the construction of party organizations have some lag. Two studies, is to focus on the grass-roots party branches “loose, soft, loose“

32、problem, advance the party members and cadres, “a gang working“, “Hong Kong report.“ Strong cleanup actions, style and rambling, presumptuous “unqualified“ party members, pays special attention to party members and cadres “joining party of thought“ problem. “Party building“ is obtained in the long-t

33、erm development of our partys historical experience accumulated. Two is our party under the new historical conditions, strengthen the partys construction of a new “rectification movement.“ Grass-roots party organizations should always catch the hard work, results-oriented. Two educational outcomes a

34、re long-term oriented and become an important impetus for the work. “Two“ should have three kinds of consciousness “two“ study and education, basic learning lies in the doing. Only the Constitution address the series of party rules, and do solid work, be qualified party members had a solid ideologic

35、al basis. Only the “learning“ and “do“ real unity, to form a “learn-learn-do-do“ the virtuous cycle, and ultimately achieve the fundamental objective of education. This requires that the Organizationlearning education, need three kinds of consciousness: one is to establish an integrated awareness. “

36、Learning“ and “do“ what car isTwo-wheel, bird wings, need to go hand in hand, one end can be neglected. Communist theoretician and man. Only by closely combining theory and practice together in order to truly realize their value. “Learning“ is the Foundation, the Foundation is not strong, shaking; “

37、 “Is the key to net to net thousands of accounts. “Two“ education, “ lay the basis, going to “do“ the key grip, so that the “learning“ and “doing“ back to standard, so that the majority of party members “learn“ learning theory of nutrients, in the “doing“ practice partys purposes. Second, to establi

38、sh a sense of depth. “Learning“ and “do“ not Chu drawn, entirely different, but the organic unity of the whole. “Two“ learning education, we need to explore integrating “learning“ in “do“, exhibit “do“ in “Science“. To avoid the “learning“ into simple room instruction, “do“ into a monotone for doing

39、. Should exploration “learn“ in the has “do“, “do“ in the has “learn“ of education and practice of carrier, makes general grass-roots members can in “learn“ in the has “do“ of achievements sense, in “do“ in the has “learn“ of get sense, real makes party of theory brain into heart, put for people ser

40、vice concept outside of Yu shaped. Third, to adhere to long-term the awareness. Style construction on the road forever, “two“ had to catch the long-term. “Two“ study and education, by no means, assault-style wind-sport, but the recurrent education within the party. In recent years, the partys mass l

41、ine education practice and “three-three“ special education in grass-roots borne rich fruits, vast numbers of party members and cadres withstood the baptism of the spirit. “Two“ greater need to focus on longer hold long-term, to establish and perfect the effective mechanism of the education, focusing

42、 on the creation of long-term education, strive to make the vast number of party members to maintain their vanguard Color, maintain the partys advanced nature and purity. Awareness-raising, antennas and atmosphere a discussion on how leading cadres of party members “two“ current, “two“ activity is i

43、n full swing up and down the country, party cadres as a “key minority“ is both a barometer and impetus. The “two“ meaning enough deep, is to determine the party cadres can resolve to study hard first. In the “two“ in the process, some cadres of himself, standing long, high awareness, that Constituti

44、on Party rules is simple, its not worth bothering some party cadres think speak series has nothing to do with the grass-roots work, water business learning series of speeches seen as window dressing. These “lazy, casual, and decadent“ ideas learning lacks motivation, a serious impediment to “two“ ef

45、fect. John Stuart Mill once said, only a basic element of human thought patterns change dramatically, human destiny can make great improvement. The same, only party members and静态磁头两种。25. 为了减少读数误差。读数时要正视量具的读数装置，不要造成斜视误差。测量同一个点有 23 个接近的数值时，应取算术平均值作为测量结果。 26. 粉尘较多的场合不宜采用磁栅式传感器。27. 铂铑铂热电偶的分度号为 B， 与铂铑铂热电

46、偶的配套的补偿导线为铜 -铜镍。镍铬镍硅热电偶的分度号为 B。28. 电阻式温度传感器是利用导体或半导体材料的电阻值随温度上升而增大的原理来测量温度的。29. 霍尔集成传感器分为线性型霍尔传感器和开关型霍尔传感器。30. 霍尔元件一般采用 N 型半导体作为材料。霍耳电压 UH 大小与材料的性质有关。一般来说，金属材料n 较大，导致 RH 和 KH 较大，故适宜做霍耳元件. 差动变压器的零点残余电压主要是因为差动变压器的两个次级线圈的电气参数和几何尺寸的不对称造成的。另外导磁材料存在铁损、不均质，初级线圈有铜损耗电阻，线圈间存在寄生电容，这均使差动变压器输入电流与磁通不同相。一般可用霍尔传感器测

47、量磁场强度、电流、角位移、功率、转速、开关信号等参数。31. 原始的压电陶瓷是一个非压电体，不具有压电效应。为了使压电陶瓷具有压电效应，就必须进行极化处理。石英晶体的压电系数比压电陶瓷的大得多，所以采用石英晶一般体采用石英晶体制作标准力传感器。32. 压电逆向效应即在电介质的极化方向施加交变电场，它会产生机械变形。当去掉外加电场，电介质变形随之消失的现象。二、填空题1光敏电阻是一种利用 内光电效应（光导效应）制成的光电元件。它具有精度高、体积小、性能稳定、价格低等特点，所以被广泛应用在自动化技术中作为 开关式光电信号传感元件。 2根据内光电效应制成的光电元器件有 光敏二极管 、 光敏三极管 、

48、光敏晶体管和 半导体光敏电阻 等。 等.3灵敏度是传感器在稳态下 输出量增量y 与 引起输出量增量 的 相应输入量增量x 之比 。4迟滞现象是指传感器在 正向行程(输入量增大)和 反向行程(输入量减小)期间， 输出 输入特性曲线不一致的程度。5根据外光电效应制成的光电元器件有 真空光电管 、 充气光电管 、光电摄像管。6传感器标定时，标准器应有足够的精度，其允许的基本误差不应超过被校传感器允许基本误差的 1/31/10 ，并具有计量部门周期检定的合格证书。 7负温度系数的热敏电阻根据其温度特性又分为 测量温度 和 突变型 两类，其中 可用于用于温度补偿， 用于温度开关控制。AD590 集成温度传感器为 传感器，其灵敏度为 1uA/K，在 25时其输出电流大小为 。常用的热电阻型号有 和 。8. 热电偶传感器是一种能将温度转换为 电势 的装置, 它属于 自发电型 传感器：测量时可以不需外加电源，可直接驱动动圈式仪表；测温范围广：下限可达-270C ，上限可达 2300C 以上。Learn General Secretary on “two to learn a“ strengthening “four Consciousnesses“ important speech caused a s