2018年大学生英语竞赛知识点整理之作文篇.docx

1、2018 年英语竞赛知识点整理之作文篇范文The Primary Energy Consumption in the United States and in China in 2011The two pie charts above show the primary energy consumption in the United States and in China in 2011 respectively.（作文开篇直接点出话题，给出了信息，完成了说明文开头的主要任务。）The first chart describes the situation of energy consumpt

2、ion in China. It indicates that coal is the dominant energy consumption, accounting for 70 percent of the total energy consumption. The other two major fossil fuels, oil and natural gas, take up 18 percent and 4 percent respectively. These three kinds of fossil fuels, in aggregate, already account f

3、or over 90percent of all the consuming energies, indicating that fossil fuels play a vital role in Chinas energy consumption in the recent years. The remaining 8percent of energy consumption includes nuclear power and some kinds of renewable sources like hydroelectric and so on. Among them, nuclear

4、power accounts for 1 percent. As for the renewable sources, hydroelectric takes up 5percent and another 1 percent taken up by other renewable sources.（这一段按照题目要求，描述了图 1 的主要特点。而作者突出表现为：能够基于图表内容进一步分析，实属难得，例如文中的画线部分，把煤、石油、天然气这三大化石燃料归纳在一起进行总结；分析的层次清晰，词汇选择上能注意多样性，如 account for 和 take up 的交替使用。）The second

5、pie chart exhibits the percentage of energy consumption in the United States. Similarly, the major three kinds of fossil fuels are still the dominant part in energy consumption, with coal, oil, and natural gas accounting for 22 percent, 37 percent and 28 percent respectively. The nuclear power takes

6、 up 8 percent and the 5 percent left is occupied by renewable sources-3 percent for hydroelectric and 2 percent for other renewable sources.（这一段介绍了图 2 的基本信息。同样，作者能够在描述信息的基础上进行分析和总结，层次清晰，并借助图 1 三大化石燃料比例大的特点用连接词similarly 巧妙处理。）The analysis of the features of the two charts makes people perceive certai

7、n connections and comparisons between them. As for the connections, Just as mentioned earlier, consumption of the fossil fuels accounts for a great deal in both China and the United States. However, the two charts, if compared carefully, also show that the structure of primary energy consumption var

8、ies in the two countries.（这一段简要介绍了题目的第二项任务，寻求两个图表之间的对比。在下两段进行具体分析。）Firstly, among the three major fossil fuels, coal is the dominant energy in China to a degree up to 70 percent, while in the United States, the number is much smaller- only 22 percent, but oil and natural gas take up larger proportio

9、n. Why does this come about? Because China is a developing country, and due to the current limited technology, there is still a long way to go if Chinese people would like to widely popularize the exploitation of oil and natural gas and put it into their daily use. Therefore, coal is still the most

10、consumed energy in China. As for the United States, a country with developed industrialization and advanced technological tools, people tend to exploit more oil and natural gas as they are more environment-friendly than coal.（这一段讲了第一点区别，即中国和美国对于三大化石燃料消耗的差别，在中国，煤的消耗量占绝大多数，占 70%，而在美国，只有 22%，而石油和天然气占较大

11、比例，并结合两国国情差异，分析出可能的原因。分析合理，逻辑清晰。）Secondly, it is evident to see that the nuclear power consumption of the United States occupies much a larger percentage than that of China. The reasons are as follows: for one thing, the development of nuclear energy in the United States is accelerating and takes th

12、e first position in the world; for another, it is relevant with Chinese policy. Chinese government have claimed that the only purpose for Chinas developing nuclear weapons is to defend and break the nuclear blackmail; under no circumstances would Chinese people use nuclear weapons first.（这一段讲了第二点区别，

13、就是中美两国对核能消耗情况的对比，结合美国发达的开发核能源技术和中国对待核武器的态度进行分析产生这种情况的原因。）In a word, the charts indicate the distribution of primary energy consumption in the United States and in China in 2011 is different, and different developing situations in the two countries make the difference.（结尾总结了全文的关键信息，完成了最后的主要任务。）短语积累1.

14、 接触各种思想/经历：be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems2. 人们认为：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that3. 许多问题：a host/number of problem4. 引起人们注意：claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth.5. 意识到：there is a growing awareness(知道)/realization of/thatawaken sb. to the fact/danger6.

15、 适应新的形势/变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate(使适应) oneself to new environment/ change7. 越来越：be increasingly +adj.be on the risea growing number of8. 接触社会：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society9. 获得成功：achieve/accomplish success10. 提出观点/建议：advance/put forward/come up with the arguments/ideas/su

16、ggestions11. 作出努力：make tremendous(极大的)/persistent( 持久稳固的)/sustained( 持续不变的) effort to do sth.take great pains to do(with work/study)12. 影响学习：interfere with studies/work13. 产生影响：have/exert a profound(深刻的)influence on life/personalityhave a dramatic/ undesirable(令人不快的) effect on14. 较好地驾驭生活：be a better

17、 pilot of ones life15. 剥夺机会/权力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity16. 取代：substitute(替代) for/take the place of the old way17. 采取措施：take effective steps/measures to18. 控制我们的环境：take/gain increasing control over our ownenvironment19. 躲避危险/挑战：shy(躲避)/run away from thedangers/challenge20.满足要求：

18、meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of21. 补偿损失：compensate for / make up for the loss/damage22. 解释某现象：account for / explain the phenomenon23. 对很好的了解：have a better understanding/appreciation ofhave a new perspective(观点) onprovide/gain an insight into24. 把某因素考虑进去：take sth. into account(consideration)gi

19、ve much thought to25. 品位人生/自由青春：savor the life/freedom/youth26. 培养对的信心：develop/foster ones interest/confidence in27. 经历变化/困难/艰险：undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience28. 表现出自信心等：project ones confidence/feeling/image29. 生活充满不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice30. 追求学习/职业：p

20、ursue ones academic(理论的)interest/professional career31. 学习知识/技术：pursue/acquire knowledge/technology/skill32. 被看作学习的榜样：be held up as a good example33. 交流经验/知识：share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge34. 发挥/起到重要作用：play an (important/active/great)role/part35. 逃学/缺课：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lect

21、ure36. 知识/经验丰富：rich in knowledge/experience37. 确立/追求目标：set/pursue a goal/higher standard38. 到达目标：achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/object39. 克服困难：overcome obstacles/difficulty40. 面临危险/困难：be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty41. 阻碍了成功：stand in the way of successbe an obstacle(

22、障碍)/barrier to success/ growth42. 阻碍了发展：hamper/impede/stunt the development of43. 持传统的看法：hold conventional wisdom44. 发表看法：voice/express ones opinion45. 持相反/合理的观点：take the opposite/fresh view46. 揭穿某种一贯的说法：shatter the myth of47. 求得帮助：enlist ones support/help48. 建立在大量的学习/实践上：build on tremendous amount

23、of study/practice49. 把成功/错误归咎于：attribute/own the success/failure to50. 对重要：be indispensable/important/vital to51. 施加压力：put/exert a academic pressure on52. 重视：assign/attach much importance/significance to53. 强调：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on54. 把注意力集中在：focus/concentrate ones attention/effort

24、s/thoughts upon55. 提供机会/信息：Provide/offer/furnish an opportunity/information for sb.56. 抓住机会：Grab/seize/take the opportunity57. 得到机会：enjoy/gain access to a opportunity/likelihood that58. 有可能：there is(little/much)possibility/likelihood thatchances/the odds(可能的机会) are that59. 展开竞争：compete against/with

25、sb. for the prize/position/control/the mastery of60. 开展运动：conduct(carryon/undertake/initiate/launch/wage)a vigorous/nation-wide/ publicity/advertising)61. 对我很有/没有什么意义：make much/little sense to me62. 带来无穷的幸福/满足：be a source of happiness satisfaction/contentment(满意)/pride/ complaint63. 献身于：devote/dedic

26、ate/commit oneself to a cause/career64. 大不(没什么) 两样：make much(little/no)difference65. 真正重要的是：what really matters/accounts is66. 改变生活旅程：change/alter the course of life67. 缩小差别：bridge/narrow/fell the gap/gulf(between city and country)68. 进行调查/执行任务：conduct/carry out an study/task/experiment69. 辞去工作/学习：leave/quit ones job/work/school70. 参加考试/竞赛等：