Unit-4-Problems-and-advice知识讲解.doc

1、Unit 4 Problems and advice词句精讲精练责编：王晓丽词汇精讲1. regretregret 动词, 意为“ 后悔，遗憾，感到抱歉 ”等。常见用法如下：（1）regret 接名词或者代词，意为“对懊悔、遗憾”。例如：If you dont do it now, youll only regret it. 如果现在不做，你以后就只能后悔。（2）regret 后跟从句，意为“后悔、遗憾” 。例如：I regret that I am unable to accept your kind invitation.很遗憾我不能接受你的友好邀请。（3）regret to do sth

2、. 意为“很遗憾去做某事” ，regret doing sth. 意为“后悔做某事” 。例如：We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.我们很遗憾的通知你，你的申请未通过。I regretted saying that. 我很后悔说那些。2. suggestsuggest作动词，意为“建议，提议，启示”。例如:（1）suggest doing sth. 意为“建议做某事”。例如：He suggested taking the children to the zoo.他提议带孩子们去动物园。（2）s

3、uggest sth. to sb.意为“向某人建议。例如：What did you suggest to the manager? 你向经理提了什么建议 ？（3）suggest后还可跟从句。从句谓语常为“should + do”，其中should可省。例如：I suggested to Mike that we go out for a meal with his colleagues.我向迈克提议，我们和他的同事们一起出去吃饭。I suggest you ask him some specific questions about his past.我建议你问他一些有关他的过去的具体问题。【

4、拓展】suggestion为名词，意为“ 意见，建议”，一般可数，常用其复数形式。例如：The dietitian was helpful, making suggestions as to how I could improve my diet.这位营养学家就如何改善饮食给我提出了些建议，对我很有帮助。I have lots of suggestions for the parks future.对于公园未来的规划我有很多提议。3. diet diet作名词意为“日常饮食，规定饮食，饮食习惯”等。on a diet 意为“节食”，order a diet for sb.意为 “叮嘱某人吃规定

5、的饮食”，a balanced diet意为“均衡饮食”。例如：You should eat a healthy diet to keep healthy. 你们应该健康饮食以保证健康。Its important to keep a balanced diet. 保持均衡的饮食很重要。She is on a diet. 她在节食。The doctor ordered a liquid diet for the sick child. 医生叮嘱那个生病的孩子吃流食。4. mad（1）mad 形容词，意为“ 生气的，气愤的” ，比较级为madder, 最高级为maddest。 be mad at

6、sb./sth.意为“ 对恼火”。例如：He was mad at me for losing his watch. 因为我丢了他的手表，他对我很生气。（2）mad 作形容词，还可意为“发疯的，疯狂的”。be mad on /about sth. 意为“对某事着迷”。例如：You must be mad to do such a thing. 干出这样事儿，你一定是疯了。I am mad about music. 我痴迷于音乐。5. ashamedashamed形容词，意为“ 惭愧的 ，羞耻的，害臊的” ，常用作表语。例如：You really ought to be ashamed of t

7、hat. 你是在应该对此感到惭愧。【拓展】（1） be/feel ashamed of (doing) sth. 意为“对（做）某事感到羞愧或者惭愧。”例如：He was ashamed of asking such a simple question. 他由于问了这样简单的问题而感到难为情。（2）be /feel ashamed to do sth. 意为“因感到难为情或者羞耻而不愿意做某事”或者“对做某事感到羞愧或者惭愧”。例如：I am ashamed to say so. 这样说我很不好意思。He was too ashamed to ask for help. 他不好意思请求帮助。6

8、. try to do sth.try to do sth动词短语，意为“努力或尽力去做某事”，相当于try ones best to do sth. 例如：We tried to help the people in the village. 我们设法帮助那个村庄的人。【拓展】try doing 意为“尝试着做某事”。例如：I tried helping her but she refused me. 我试着帮助她，但是她拒绝了我。7. have tomusthave to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“ 被迫”之意 ，有多种时态形式；否定式为dont have to意为“不必” 。mus

9、t侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式mustnt 意为“ 一定不要；不允许 ”。例如：You must do your homework first. 你必须先做作业。Its raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。口诀：“主观职责”说“必须”，must赶紧用上去；若是“环境”“不得不”，赶紧换用have to 。8. thanks forthanks to（1）thanks for doing sth意为“因而感谢”，说明感谢的原因，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式

10、。例如：Thanks for helping me. = Thanks for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。（2）thank to是介词短语，意为“多亏，由于”；同义词组为because of。thanks to后接名词，在句中作状语，表示原因，常位于句首或句末。thanks to常有“感谢”的意味，表示由于某种原因才有了某种好的结果。例如：Thanks to your help, I passed the exam. 对亏了你的帮助，我通过了那次考试。Thanks to your help, I got a good mark in the exam. 多亏你的帮助 ，我考试取得了好

11、成绩。词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. 幸亏，多亏_ 2. 必须，不得不_ 3. be mad about _4. 尽力做某事_ 5. feel ashamed of _ 6. hear from _7. 节食_ 8. laugh at _ 9. 与某人无关_10. 很遗憾去做某事_II. 根据所给汉语或首字母提示完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。1. I _ (建议)not going there on foot.2. If we want to keep healthy，we must have a good _ (饮食)3. The noise in the room will dr

12、ive us m_4. Everyone in the class didnt fail the math e_.5. Its not p_ to laugh at others when they are in trouble.6. The method has many _ (优势).7. Many accidents happen because people are _ (粗心的).8. The weather is _ (极坏的) today.9. Thats an a_ book. I dont like to read it.10. She says pets can make

13、a m_ of the room.III. 用方框中所给词或短语的适当形式填空。1. I regret _(tell) you such sad things.2. He may feel ashamed of _ (do) such bad thing.3. The news made us _ (excite).4. I tried _(get) to school on time.5. Thanks for _ (lend) me the money.6. He fell off the motorbike. _ (lucky), he wasnt badly hurt.7. He sa

14、t there without _(say) a word.8. She was_ ( embarrassing) when the people laughed at her mistake.9. The doctor _ (suggestion) that he should take a short leave of absence.10. She has an _ (annoyed) habit of biting her fingernails.IV. 听力链接。(2015 北京海淀一模)听对话，记录关键信息。对话你将听两遍。请根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写在答

15、题卡的相应位置上。参考答案I. 英汉互译。1. thanks to 2. have to 3. 对痴迷 4. try to do sth. 5. 对感到羞愧6. 收到的来信 7. be on a diet 8. 嘲笑 9. none of ones business10. regret to do sth.II. 根据所给汉语或首字母提示完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。1. suggest 2. diet 3. mad 4. exam 5. polite6. advantages 7. careless 8. badly 9. awful 10. messIII. 用方框中所给词或短

16、语的适当形式填空。1. to tell 2. doing 3. excited 4. to get 5. lending6. Luckily 7. saying 8. embarrassed 9. suggests 10. annoyingIV. 听力链接。答案：1. Sunday 2. 7 3. Bluesky 4. free 5. bus原文：W: Excuse me. Can you give me some information about the festival?M: The Summer Nights Festival in the first week of July?W:

17、Thats right. Which day of the week is it on?M: On Sunday of the first week.W: OK, thanks. What time does it begin?M: It starts at 7:00 pm and ends at about 11:00at night.W: And which band will play this year?M: A new band called Bluesky. You spell that B-L-U-E-S-K-Y.W: Ive never heard of it.M: Well,

18、 their music sounds fantastic! Youll see on that day. W: Good! And its said that a lot of special festival T-shirts will be offered. Is that right?M: Yes. They look really great.W: How much are they?M: You can get a T-shirt for free after you buy a ticket. Were also selling festival flags this year.

19、 W: OK. And whats the best way to get there? By car?M: No, coming by bus is better. I can email you some more information if you want.W: Thats very kind of you.句式精讲1. We saw a lady lying in the street.see sb./sth. doing sth. 意为 “看到正在做某事”，表示看到的动作正在发生或进行。see sb./sth. do sth. 意为“看见做某事了”，通常是指看到动作的全过程或者强

20、调某事经常发生。例如：I saw Li Ming playing near the river on my way home yesterday.昨天在我回家路上，我看见李明正在河边玩儿。I often see Li Ming play neat the river on my way home yesterday.我经常在回家的路上看见李明在河边玩儿。2. It was awful of them to laugh at her, and I regret not saying anything.本句话的结构为“It is/was + 形容词 + of sb.”，这个结构中形容词表示人的特点

21、，特征或性格，常用于此结构的形容词有good，nice，clever ，foolish等等。“It is/was形容词of sb.to do sth.”意为“ 某人做某事真”。例如：Its very clever of you to work out the problem. 你做出这道题来真是太聪明了。【拓展】（1）“It is/was形容词for sb.to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是怎么样的”。it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，for引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如：Its good for you to eat more vegetables. 对你来说多吃蔬菜是

22、有好处的。（2）当形容词（如：easy, important, possible等)表示客观情况，描述不定式的特征、性质时常用for；而当形容词（如：kind， nice，rude, clever等）表示主观感情或态度，描述的是主语的性质、特征时，常用of。例如：It wont be easy for you to find a good job. 你找到一个好工作不容易。It was kind of you to help me.你帮助我们，你真善良。3. Why dont you tell her how you feel?“Why dont you + 动词原形 + 其他？” 相当于“W

23、hy not + 动词原形 + 其他？” 表示建议、询问，即征求某人的意见。例如： Why not play football with us? 为什么不和我们去踢足球呢？ That sounds like a good idea. 这是个好主意。【拓展】(1) why not用在口语中表示赞同，意为“当然，好啊”。例如： Lets go to the movies. 我们看电影吧。 Why not? 好啊！(2) Why not?意为“ 为什么不”，询问被否定的原因。例如： You cant go there alone. 你不能单独去那里。 Why not? 为什么不呢？4. Your f

24、riend keeps borrowing books from you but never gives them back.keep doing sth. 意为“继续干某事“，表示不间断地持续干某事，后须接延续性的动词。He kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the work on time.他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。【拓展】keep的其他常见词组：（1）keep on doing sth. 意为“持续做某事”。The pupil kept on asking me the same question.这个学

25、生不断地问我同一个问题。（2）keep.from doing sth.意为“阻止/ 防止做某事”。The heavy snow kept us from going out.大雪使我们不能出去5. Though I want to help her, my friend told me not to.（1）though可以作连词 ，意为“ 虽然；即使；纵然”，放在从句的开头和中间均可。例如：Though it was raining, we were still working. 虽然下着雨，但我们仍然坚持工作。（2）though还可以作副词，意为 “然而；但是”，一般放在句末。例如：It w

26、as impossible for him to do so much homework. He finished it though. 他不可能完成这么多作业，然而他做完了。【拓展】（1）though和although的辨析：1) 两者都可用作连词，意义相同 ，但although 常放在从句开头的位置，不用于从句中间；而though放在从句的开头和中间均可。例如 ：Although they are poor, they are happy. = Though they are poor, they are happy. = Poor though they are, they are ha

27、ppy. 虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。2) although只能作连词 ，但though既可以作连词，也可以作副词。（2）常用搭配：as though 好像 even though即使注意：although 和though不能和but 连用，二者只能用其一。句式精练I. 句型转换。1. My father wants to buy me a computer. (改为同义句)My father wants to _ a computer _me.2. I hear from my brother twice a week. (对划线部分提问)_ _ do you hear from your br

28、other?3. I dont like travelling by plane. (改为同义句)I_ _ by plane.4. Why not go there by bus? (改为同义句)_ _ _ go there by bus?5. Shes always on a diet because she wants to be a model. (对划线部分提问)_ _ she always on a diet?II. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。1. 我常常看见她从这儿穿过马路。I often _ her _ _ the road from here.2. 你为什不和我么一起回家呢

29、？_ _ _ go home with us together?3. 虽然我们年级小，我们仍能为保护环境做一些事情。_ we are young, we can still _ _ to protect the environment.4. 请注意你的发音。Please _ _ _ your pronunciation.5. 他在试着英语和外国人交谈。He is _ _ with the foreigners in English.6. 请保持我们的教室干净整洁。Please keep our classroom _ and _.7. 她决心夺取胜利。She _ _ her _ to win.

30、8. 星期五之前，我必须把这本书归还图书馆。I must _ the book to the _ before Friday.9. 多亏英语这门语言，我们能从其他国家学到很多东西。_ _ the English language, we can learn a lot from other countries.10. 我很幸运得到了一份工作。I was _ to _ a job.III. 补全对话。(2015 安徽中考)根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两个为多余选项。A: It is such a lovely day. I love sunshine.B: 1

31、 . A: I hope it stays like this. B: 2 .A: Is the weather usually like this here?B: A bit hotter than today.A: 3 .B: Its pretty cold and it often snows in winter. 4 .A: A lot like the weather here, not too hot or cold.B: I heard it rains a lot. 5 .A: Mmm, yes. It rains but not any more than other pla

32、ces.A. I hope so, too.B. Whats the weather like in winter?C. Is that true?D. I dont think so.E. Thank you for your kindness.F. Yes, its really a nice and bright day.G. What about your hometown?参考答案I. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。1. buy, for 2. How often 3. hate travelling 4. Why dont you 5. Why isII. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。1. see, walk across 2. Why dont you 3. Though/Although; do something4. pay attention to 5. trying talking 6. clean, tidy 7. made up, mind8. return, library 9. Thanks to 10. lucky, getIII. 补全对话。1-5 FABGC