★自考高级英语(上)重点句段.doc

1、1高级英语（上）Lesson one Rock Superstars:what Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and our Society?1.摇滚乐是表现青少年叛逆精神的音乐。Rock is the music of teenage rebellion2.知其崇拜何人便可知其人。By a mans heroes ye shall know him。3.芝加哥圆形剧场拥挤、闷热，变成了摇滚的殿堂。.the Chicago Amphitheater was packed,sweltering,rocking.4.舞台上，滚石乐队的米克贾格尔正唱着午夜漫步人 。

2、Onstage,Mick Jagger of the Rolling Stones was singing“Midnight Rambler”5.贾格尔抓起一个半加仑的水罐，顺着舞台前沿边跑边把水洒向前几排汀流浃背的歌迷们。Jagger.grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform,sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners.6.歌迷们蜂拥而随，渴望沾上几滴洗礼的圣水。They surge to follow

3、 him,eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops.7.在首都中心剧场，约 1.4万名歌迷尖叫着拥向台前Some 14,000 screaming fans were crunching up to the front of the stage at Capital Center.8.炎国的鬼怪歌土爱利斯库珀的表演接近尾声。Alice Cooper AmericaS singing ghoul,was ending his act.9.鲍勃狄伦和他的乐队正在为音乐会上要用的乐器调音。.Bob Dylan and The Band Were tun

4、ing for a concert.10.这就是朝圣我应该跪着爬进去。This is Pilgrimage.I ought to be crawling on my knees.11.你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜呢？How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship?12.当米克贾格尔的崇拜者把他视作大太教或神时，你是赞成还是反对呢？When Mick Jaggers fans look at him as a high priest or a god,are you with them or against them?13.你是

5、否赞同克里斯辛格对鲍勃狄伦的近乎宗教般的崇敬？2Do you share Chris Singers almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan?14.你是否认为艾利斯库珀的表演令人厌恶而拒绝接受呢？Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick?15.或者，你会不会因为舞台上这个怪异的小丑表达出了你内心最狂野手的幻想而莫名其妙地被吸引？Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown,perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies?16

6、.一些社会学家认为，你对这些问题的回答，很能说明你在想什么，你所在的社会在想什么换句话说，可以说明你和你所在社会的立场。Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking-in other words, about where you and your society are.17.霍罗威茨把摇滚乐的舞台视为某种辩论的论坛，一个各种思想交锋的场所。Horowitz sees t

7、he rock music arena as a sort of debating forum,a place where ideas clash and crash.18.他认为这是一个美国社会努力地定义和重新定义其情感和信仰的地方。He sees it as a place where American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.19.只有他们才能把创造与夸张、理智与动作、文字与声音、音乐和政治融为一体。It is they alone who combine invention an

8、d exaggeration, reason and motion, word andsound, music and politics20.与其说摇滚乐是一种音乐推动力，不如说它是一种社会心理的表现。Rock music.is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force.2I.就连艾尔维斯普雷斯利也并非真正是一种伟大的音乐力量。Even Elvis Presley wasnt really a great musical force.22.艾尔维斯只不过是体现了 50年代青少年那种心灰意冷的精神状态。Its jus

9、t that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s.23.报纸写社论批判他，电视网也封杀他。Newspapers editorialized against him,and TV networks banned him.24.当他在埃德沙利文的星期日晚问的综艺节日里出现在于百万人面前时，一场“辩论”就此展开。When he appeared on the Ed. Sullivan Sunday night variety show in front of millions, a kind of“de

10、bate”took place.325.大多数成斫观众眉头紧锁，表示反对，而大多数年轻观众鼓掌称赞。Most of the older viewers frowned, while most of the younger viewers applauded.26.他唱出了变革和老一代人的困惑。He spoke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation.27.甲壳虫乐队运用其幽默专长，或许还借助毒品的一点麻醉，倡导和平与虔诚。The Beatles.urged peace and piety, with humor and

11、maybe a little help from drugs.28.素以傲慢不羁、街头打架而闻名的滚石乐队的成员们大唱革命之歌。The Rolling Stones, arrogant street-fighting men.demanded revolution.29.杰斐逊飞机乐队的我们能够联合和志愿者（有了一场革命） 这两首歌更是激进青年的进一步的革命宣言。The Jefferson Airplanes “We Can Be Together“ and “Volunteers ( Got a Revolution)” were two further statements of radi

12、cal youth.30.但政治并非是 60年低硬摇滚乐所辩论的唯一主题。But politics wasnt the only subject debated in the hard rock of the sixties. 31.詹妮斯乔普林用歌声表达自己的忧愁。Janis Jophin sang of her sadness.32.甲壳虫乐队揭示了爱与恨之间的一系列的感情。The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate.33.之后， “乐队”乐团把乡村音乐和西部音乐所表达的较为传统的观念与硬摇

13、滚乐较为激进的“都市”观念结合在了一起。Then came The Band,mixing the more traditional ideas of country and western music into the more radical“city“ ideas of the hard rock.34.这乡村音乐的成分帮助听众表达了一种“摆脱这一切” 、 “重返过去时光”的强烈愿望。This country element.helped its audience express an urge to“get away from it all”，to“go back to the old

14、 days“35.当前最能说明霍洛威茨看法的例子之一就是约翰丹佛。One of the best current examples of what Horowitz is talking.about is John Denver.36.他最著名的歌曲阳光照在我肩上 、 高高的落基山和乡间小路结合了民谣摇滚的音乐动力与能量，而歌词则赞美了“往昔美好时光”的朴素的欢乐。His most notable songs“Sunshine on My Shoulders“,“Rocky Mountain High“, and“Country Road“combine the musical drive a

15、nd 4power of folk rock, while the lyrics celebrate the simple joys of“the good old days“.37.像所有的艺术家一样，这些摇滚音乐家所反映出来的感情和信仰帮助我们认识并形成属于我们自己的感情和信仰。Like all artists,these rock musicians mirror feelings and beliefs that help us see and form our own.38.我们以什么来回报他们呢？What do we give them in return?39.在 1972年的一

16、次全国民意调查中，中学生中超过 10%的男生和 20%的女生都表示他们心中的英雄是超级摇滚歌星。In one 1972 national opinion poll,more than 10 percent of the high school boys and 20 percent of the girls said their hero was a rock superstar.40.“我暗自嘲笑这些先生和女士，他们从没想到我们会成为拥有亿万财富的宠儿。 ”演唱这支歌曲的是“文化英雄”艾利斯库珀。“And I laughed to myself at the men and the ladi

17、es. Who never conceived of us billion-dollar babies.“The particular“culture hero”who sings that is Alice cooper.Lesson TWO Four Choices for young People1. 吉姆宾斯是斯坦福大学毕业班的主席，他在毕业前夕给我写了一封信，信中谈及了他的一些疑虑。Shortly before his graduation,Jim Binns, president of the senior class at Stanford University,wrote me

18、 about some of his misgivings.2. 我们这一代人对成人社会的不信任比其他任何一代都要强烈我们对那个世界完全拒绝的倾向也与俱增。More than any other generation.our generation views the adult world with great skepticism.there is also an increased tendency to reject completely that world.3很显然，他的话代表了许多同时代的人的心声。Apparently he speaks for a lot of his cont

19、emporaries4大致来说，他们的态度可归纳如下 Roughly,their attitude might be summed up about like this.5. 该承担责任的可能正是那些管理这个世界的成年人。 The people responsible are, presumably, the adults who have been running things.56没有那样的教导，我们也能行。That kind of lesson we can do without7. 在我看来，这些结论合情合理，至少从他们的角度来看是这样的。These conclusions strik

20、e me as reasonable, at least from their point of view.8. 对新生代来说，要紧的问题不在于我们的社会是否不够完美（我们可以想当然地认为是这样的） ，而在于该如何对待这个社会。The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imperfect(we can take that for granted) ,but how to deal with it.9. 尽管这个社会严酷而不合情理，但它毕竟是我们拥有的唯一的世界。For all

21、its harshness and irrationality,it is the only world we ve got.10. 所以，选择一种对待这个社会的方式，是年轻的成年人必须首先做出的决定，而且通常也是他们一生中最重要的决定。Choosing a strategy to cope with it,then,is the first decision young adults have to make,and usually the most important decision of their lifetime.11. 根据我的发现，他们的基本选择只有四种。 So far as

22、I have been able to discover,there are only four basic alternatives.12脱离传统社会 Drop Out13. 这是一种最古老的权宜之计，可以在任何地方、被任何年龄的人使用，不管他们是否借助于致幻剂。This is one of the oldest expedients,and it can be practiced anywhere,at any age,and with or without the use of hallucinogens. 14. 那些认为社会太过无情、太过复杂、令人难以忍受的人通常会选择这个办法。lt

23、 always has been the strategy of choice for people who find the world too brutal or too complex to be endured.15. 奉行此道的人蔑视这个社会，拒绝承担任何社会责任，却以这样或那样的方式依赖社会养肥自己。ln one way or another,its practitioners batten on the society which they scorn and in which they re-fuse to take any responsibility.16. 我们中的一些人

24、对此很厌恶认为这种生活方式很不光彩 Some of us find this distasteful-an undignified kind of life.17. 但对于那些卑微、虚弱又缺乏自尊的人来说，这也许是可行的，最可以忍受的选择了。But for the poor in spirit,with low levels of both energy and pride,it may be the least intolerable choice available.618. 这种策略在古代也有先例。 This strategy also has ancient antecedents19

25、. 他们愿意自食其力，愿意为社会作出贡献，但是他们不喜欢这个文明的环境，也就是不喜欢充满丑恶和压力的城市。They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the general community,but they simply dont like the environment of civilization;that is the city,with all its ugliness and tension. 20.这种方法的问题在于无法再大规模地实施。The trouble with this s

26、olution is that it no longer is practical on a large scale.21.不幸的是，在我们的地球上，高尚的野蛮人和未被破坏的领土越来越少；除了南北极，地球上已没有尚未开发的地区。Our planet,unfortunately,is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes; except for the polar regions,the frontiers are gone.22.尽管少数富有的乡伸仍可遁入田园但总的迁移趋势还是从乡村到城市。A few gentleman f

27、armers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life-but in general the stream of migration is flowing the other way.23.这种策略一直深受那些无法忍受民主决策过程单调、冗长的运作方式的人或相信只有武力方可改变基本制度的人的欢迎。This strategy is always popular among those who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democratic proces

28、s or who believe that basic institutions can only be changed by force.24.在他们看来，这种方式具有传奇般的感召力，通常以某个魄力十足且具有超凡魅力的人物为代表。To them it offers a romantic appeal,usually symbolized by some dashing and charismatic figure.25这一策略简单明了，具有更大的吸引力It has the even greater appeal of simplicity.26. 既然这个社会已经无可救药，那就让我们砸碎它，

29、在它的废墟上建起一个更加美好的世界。Since this society is hopelessly bad,let s smash it and build something better on the ruins.27. 这些人的革命并未成功，他们直到老年仍情绪激昂地策划着浩劫。These are the ones whose revolutions did not come off; they have been able to keep on cheerfully plotting their holocausts right into their senescence.28.但最不

30、幸的是那些革命获得成功的人，他们活在幻想破灭中，发现新制度与7他们所推翻的旧制度一样冷漠无情、刻板僵化。But the most unfortunate are those whose revolutions have succeeded. They Iived ,in bitter disillusion-ment,to see the establishment they had overthrown replaced by a new one,just as hard-faced and stuffy.29.当然，我并不是说革命一无所成。1 am not,of course,sugges

31、ting that revolutions accomplish nothing.30.一些革命（美国革命、法国革命）确实促进了社会改革和进步。Some(The American Revolution,the French Revolution)clearly do change things for the better.3l. 我要说的只是无论成败与否，那些发动革命的理想主义者都是注定要失望的的，因为他们的成功绝不可能带来一个他们所梦想的崭新的世界个荡涤了所有人类污浊的崭新世界。 My point is merely that the idealists who make the revo

32、lution are bound to be disappointed in either case For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of,cleansed of all hu-man meanness.32.乍一看，这一途径毫无吸引力。 At first glance，this course is far-from inviting.33.它缺乏感召力，不可能立竿见影。lt lacks glamour.lt promises no quick results.34.

33、它依靠令人恼火且不可靠的游说以及民主决策来实现。lt depends on the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion and democratic decision making35.它需要耐心，这正是人们所缺的。lt demands patience,which is always in short supply.36.这种办法值得一提的是，它有时真的奏效在这特定的时期和地方，它能够提供比其他任何可用的方式都要好的遏制某些社会暴行的良方。About all that can be said for it is that

34、it sometimes works-that in this particular time and place it offers a better chance for remedying some of the worlds outrages than any other available strategy.37. 几乎所有地方的经济机构都处于瘫痪状态The economic machinery had broken down almost everywhere.38.与此同时，我们这一代人渐渐发现改造世界有点像在亚平宁山区打仗，刚占领一个山头，另一座山又在前方赫然耸现。At the

35、 same time,my generation was discovering that reforming the world is a little like fighting a military campaign in the Apennines,as soon as you capture one 8mountain range,another one looms just ahead. 39.当 30年代的主要问题大体得到控制时，新的问题富足社会的问题、种族平等的问题、保持城市适于居住的问题，以及应付各种新伪装下的战争的问题等前所未有的问题又出现了。As the big prob

36、lems of the thirties were brought under some kind of rough control,new problems took their place-the unprecedented problems of an affluent society,of racial justice,of keeping our cities from becoming uninhabitable,of coping with war in unfamiliar guises.40.我们突然意识到，我们居住的这个小小宇宙飞船的乘客数量大约每 40年就会增长一倍。It

37、 dawned on us rather suddenly that the number of passengers on the small spaceship we inhabit is doubling about every forty years,41. 只要地球上的人口继续以这种癌细胞扩散般的速度增长下去，其他所有的问题事实上就都将无法解决。我们的城市会愈加拥挤、令人生厌；居住的地方会更加杂乱，空气和水也会更加肮脏。So long as the earth s population keeps growing at this cancerous rate,all of the o

38、ther problems ap-pear virtually insoluble. Our cities will continue to become more crowded and noisome. The landscape will get more cluttered,the air and water even dirtier.42.如果太多的人必须争夺不断缩减的食物和生存空间，那么大规模的战争将不可避免。And warfare on a rising scale seems inevitable if too many bodies have to struggle for

39、ever-dwindling shares of food and living space.43. 因此吉姆宾斯这代人肩负着极其艰巨的任务。So Jim Binns generation has a formidable job on its hands.Lesson Three The Use of Force1. 他们是我的新病人，我所知道的只有奥尔逊这个名字。请您尽快赶来，我女儿病得很重。They were new patients to me,all I had was the name,Olson* Please come down as soon as you can,my da

40、ughter is very sick.2. 当我到达时，孩子的母亲迎接了我，她是一个大块头的女人，脸上带着惊慌，衣着整洁却一脸歉是说，这位就是医生吗？然后就带我进了屋。When I 9arrived I was met by the mother,a big startled looking woman,very clean and apologetic who merely said,ls this the doctor? And let me in.3. 在厨房的桌子旁边，这个孩子穿得严严实实的，坐在她父亲的腿上。他父亲试图站起来；但我向他示意不用麻烦，然后我脱下外套开始检查。The c

41、hild was fully dressed and sitting on her fathers lap near the kitchen table. He tried to get up,but I motioned for him not to bother,took off my overcoat and started to look things over.4.我能够觉察出他们都很紧张，而且用怀疑的眼光上下打量着我。1 could see that they were all very nervous,eyeing me up and clown distrustfully.5.

42、像通常一样，在这种情形下，他们不会提供太多的情况，而是等着我告诉他们病情；这就是为什么他们会在我身上花 3美元。As often,in such cases,they werent telling me more than they had to,it was up to me to tell them;thats why they were spending three dollars on me.6. 这个孩子脸上没有任何表情，她用冷漠的目光死死地盯着我，像要把我吃掉似的。她纹丝不动，内心似乎很平静。这是一个非常惹人喜爱的小娃娃，外表长得像小母牛一样结实。The child was fai

43、rly eating me up with her cold,steady eyes,and no expression on her face whatever.She did not move and seemed,inwardly,quiet; an unusually attractive little thing,and as strong as a heifer in appearance.7.她长着一头漂亮浓密的金发，就像照片刊登在广告插页上和周日报纸图片版上的那些孩子一样。She had magnificent blonde hair,in profusion* One of

44、those picture children often reproduced in ad-vertising leaflets and the photogravure sections of the Sunday papers.8. 像医生们经常做的那样，我估摸着病情，问了个问题，作为诊断的开端。她嗓子疼吗？As doctors often do I took a trial shot at it as a point of departure. Has she had a sore throat? 9. 那个月碰巧她就读的那个学校已经有好几例白喉病。虽然到目前为止没有人说出这件事，但很显

45、然，我们都想到了。As it happens we had been having a number of cases of diphtheria in the school to which this child went during that month and we were all,quite apparently,thinking of that,though no one had as yet spoken of the thing。10.好了，我说，我们先看看噪子吧。我露出自己所能展现的最佳的职业微笑，10询问孩子的名字。我说，来吧，玛蒂尔达，张开嘴，让我看一下你的嗓子。Wel

46、l,l said,suppose we take a look at the throat first.l smiled in my best professional manner asking for the childs first name.l said,come on,Mathilda,open your mouth and lets take a look at your throat.11. 哦，来吧，我劝道，张大嘴，让我看看。看，我说着把两只手伸开，我的手里没有东西，张大嘴，让我看看。Aw,come on,l coaxed,just open your mouth wide a

47、rid let me take a look. Look,l said opening both hands wide,l havent anything in my hands. Just open up and let me see.12. 他是一个多好的人呀，她的母亲插话道。你看他对你多好呀，来，听话。他不会伤害你的。Such a nice man,put in the mother. Look how kind he is to you.Come on,do what he tells you to. He wont hurt you13. 听到这里我狠狠地咬了咬牙，要是他们没用“伤害

48、”这个词，我也许能有些收获。At that I ground my teeth in disgust.lf only theywouldnt use the word“hurt“I might be able to get somewhere14. 但我没有允许自己着急或恼怒，而是慢声细语地说着话再次靠近这个孩子。But I did not allow myself to be hurried or disturbed but speaking quietly and slowly I approached The child again15. 父母两人都非常尴尬，充满歉意。Both the

49、mother and father almost turned themselves inside out in embarrassment and apology.16. 看在上帝的份上，我打断了她的话，请不要再在她面前说我是一个好人。我来是看看她的噪子，也许她患了白喉，而且很可能会死于这种病。For heavens sake,l broke in. Don t call me a nice man to her. I m here to look at her throat on the chance that she might have diphtheria and possibly die of it.17. 接着一场战斗开始了，我不得不这样做，为了保护她，我必须做咽喉分泌物培养（以便确诊病情） 。可是我首先告诉家长这完全取决于他们。我说明了其危险性，但同时提出只要他们承担责任我就不会坚持做这次喉咙检查。Then the battle began. I had t.o do it.l had to hav