上海牛津英语初中八种时态详解(附试卷).doc

1、 初中英语八种时态归纳复习一、 一般现在时（一）定义表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态，还表示主语具备的性格和能力及客观真理。例：I get up at 6:30 in the morning .She is at home .(二)构成主要用动词原形表示，当主语是第三人称单数时，在动词词尾加 s/es。(三)句型1、肯定句：主语+谓语+其他。She reads English everyday .2、否定句：主语+dont/doesn t+谓语+ 其他。He doesnt get up at 6:30 in the morning .3、一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+V 原+其他？D

2、o you like English ? Yes ,I do ./No, I dont .4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+V 原+其他？What time do you get up every morning ?Where does your father work ?（三）用法1、表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态，带与表示频率的时间状语如：often , sometimes , usually， always , everyday year，month ） , once/twice a week (month , year , etc.) , seldom , on

3、 sundays 等连用。I leave home for school at seven every morning .2、表示客观真理，科学事实、格言警句。The sun rises in the east .日出东方。The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。3、当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。Ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。4、仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。这里的目的是为了“描述现阶段的动作或

4、状态“ ，其重点“不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态“ 。例如：He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。（四）动词第三人称单数形式变化规则1、一般情况下，动词后直接加-s;如：help-helps ,clean-cleans ,give-gives 等。2、以 s，x，ch，sh 或 o 结尾的动词，在词尾加-es;如：dres

5、s-dresses,fix-fixes,watch-watches,finish-finishes 等。3、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，把 y 变为 i，再加-es;如：study-studies,fly-flies,carry-carries 等。4、动词 have 遇在主语是第三人称单数时，have 改为 has，如：He has an interesting book .5、动词 be 遇有主语是第一人称单数时，be 改为 am，遇有主语是第二人称时，be 改为 are，遇有主语是第三人称单数时，be 改为 is一般现在时练习题1）用动词的适当形式填空1.I like _ (swim)

6、. 2.He _(read) English every day.3.We _(go)to school at seven in the morning. 4.Mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.My mother_(like) _(go) shopping. 6.I can _(draw) many beautiful pictures.7.She_(make) a model plane. 8.Do you _(like)_(run)?9.Does he_(like)_(jump) ? 10.Does Nancy_(grow)flowe

7、rs on Saturday ?2）用所给的人称改写句子1.I take photos on Sunday. ( Mike)2.We grow beautiful flowers. (she)3.They like collecting stamps. (Ben)4.I listen to music carefully. (my aunt)5.You like making a model ship. (Helen)二、 一般过去时（一）结构一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句Be 动词 was/ were+not was 或 were 提前，放于句首行为动词 didn

8、t+do（动词原形） Did+主语+do（动词原形）注：在一般过去时的句子中，谓语动词可分为两类一类是 be 动词，其形式为 was 与第一、三人称单数连用，were 与第二人称和复数人称的主语连用。凡是由 be 动词做谓语的句子，变否定句时，直接在其后加 not,即 wasnt 或 werent，变一般疑问句将 was/ were 放在句首，句末用问号。另一类谓语动词是由行为动词来充当，如 stayedwentvisited 等,这一类动词做谓语时，可与任何人称连用，句子变否定时，要在主语后面，动词的前面加 didnt，动词用原形；一般疑问句是把 did 提到句首，动词用原形。I was i

9、n Shanghai last year . I wasnt in Shanghai last year .Was you in Shanghai last year ?He went to the park yesterday . He didnt go to the park yesterday ?Did he go to the park yesterday ?（二）句式1、肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他。I was in Beijing yesterday .I went to the beach yesterday .2、否定句：主语+wasnt 或 werent+其他。主语+did

10、nt + V 原+其他。I wasnt in Beijing yesterday .I didnt go to the beach yesterday .3、一般疑问句：was/ were+主语+V 原+其他？Did +主语+V 原+ 其他？Were you in Beijing yesterday ?Did you go to the beach yesterday ?4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/ were+主语+其他？特殊疑问词+did+主语+V 原+其他？Where were you yesterday ?Where did yougo yesterday ?（三）用法1、表示

11、过去某一时刻或某一段时间里所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last week(month , year),ago,the other day ,just now ,at the age of,in 1980 等连用。如：At the age of ten ,she began to learn to play the piano .2、表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。When I was a child ,I often play the football in the street .3、在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时

12、态代替过去将来时。He said he wouldnt go if it rained .（四）动词过去式的规则变化1) 一般情况下, 在动词原形末尾加 -ed ; 如 look-looked2) 结尾是字母 e 的动词加-d, 如 practice-practiced；3) 结尾是“辅音字母+y” 的动词, 变“y”为“i ” 再加 ed, 如 study studied;4) 重读闭音节结尾, 双写动词尾的辅音字母，再加 ed, 如 stop stopped。不规则动词表Infinitive Past tense Infinitive Past tensecatch caught come

13、 camedo did draw drewdrink drank drive droveeat ate fall fellam is was are werebegin begun break brokebring brought build builtbuy bought can could动词过去式的记忆口诀动词一般过去时, 表示过去发生事；be 用 was 或用 were, have, has 变 had；谓语动词过去式, 过去时间坐标志；一般动词加- ed, 若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单, 主语之后 didnt 添；疑问句也不难, did 放在主语前；如果谓语之前有 did, 谓语动词

14、需还原；动词若是 was, were, 否定就把 not 添。一般过去时练习题一、 写出下列动词的过去式1look 2. live 3. stop 4. carry 5.hope 6. trip 7. call 8. finish 9. want 10. are 11. go 12. have 13. do 14. get e 16. say二、Fill in the blanks. 1. _ she _(sing)a song last night?2. -Were there any people in the room? (作否定回答)-_, _ _nobody.3. -_(be) th

15、ey at work this morning?-Yes. They _ (have)a meeting together.4. -_ Joe _ (do)well in the long-distance running?-Yes, he _.5. Where _ Tinas Family_(go)last Summer?-They _ (go)to New York for their vacation.三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last nig

16、ht.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden las

17、t morning?She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday 10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.三、一般将来时（一）概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。There will be an English party next Saturday .We will come to see you tomorrow .（二）结构1、由 will +动词原形构成，其 will 适用于各种人称，与主语连在一起时，常常缩写为ll。变否定句时，只

18、需在 will 后加 not，可缩写为 wont 。在疑问句中，will 需提前，构成 will+主语+动词原形的结构。He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵达这里。2、shall+动词原形（常用于主语为第一人称）I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天没空。3、be going to+动词原形（打算、准备做某事）He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他打算在伦敦度假。（三）用法1、表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语，如：tomo

19、rrow, next day（week，month ，year ） ， this evening (weekend ), in the future , in a few minutes， the day after tomorrow ,by ， soon 等连用。I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week .I hope you wont be late next time .2、当主句为一般现在时，在以 after,when,while,as soon as ,if ,unless 等引导的时间或条件句中，要用一般现在时表将来。Ill do it be

20、tter if the teacher gives me another chance .一般将来时练习题一、单项选择( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month.A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3. He _ very bu

21、sy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 5. -_ you _ free tomorrow? - No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will

22、B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. - Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? -_. （不，不要。 ）A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please

23、.( ) 8. - Where is the morning paper? - I _ if for you at once.A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday?A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting.A. have B. will have C. had D. would have二、动词填空1. I _（leave ）in

24、 a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave ）.2. -How long _ you _（study）in our country?-I _（plan）to be here for about one more year.-I _（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.-What _ you _（do）after you _（leave）here?-I _（return ）home and _（get）a job.3. I _（be）tired. I _（go）to bed ear

25、ly tonight.4. Marys birthday is next Monday, her mother _（give）her a present.5. It is very cold these days. It _（snow）soon.四、过去将来时表示过去的某时以后将要发生的动作。但这个“将来“ 时间绝不会延伸到“现在” ；而仅限于“过去时间区域内” 。这个时态常用于：A）宾语从句或间接引语中； B）表示过去习惯性的动作；C）表示过去情况中的“愿望” 、 “倾向” ，多用于否定句。例如：When I thought about it , I wondered what their

26、reaction would be . 当我考虑这件事时，我想知道他们的反应是什么。She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day. 她告诉我，她第二天要去欧洲旅行。He didnt expect that we would all be there. 他没料到我们会全在那儿。例句：I knew you would agree. 我知道你会同意的。I said I would arrange everything. 我说我来安排一切。 过去将来时练习题I. 选择填空1. Li Ming said he _happy if

27、 Brian_to China next month.A. as; come B. was; would comeC. would be; came D. will be; come2. Jenny said she _her holiday in China.A. spent B. would spentC. was going to spent D. would spend3. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day.A. will visit B. ha

28、s visited C. is going to visit D. would visit4. I hoped Tina _ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.A. to come B. is comingC. will come D. was coming5. Father said that he _ me to Beijing the next year.A. took B. would takeC. takes D. will takeII. 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Miss Zhang said she _(visi

29、t) the Great Wall next summer. 2. She told him that she _(not stay) here for long.3. I wasn t sure whether Lucy_(come) the next year.4. The scientists said the worlds population _ (slow) down in future.5. She said the bus _(leave) at five the next morning.五、现在进行时（一）结构由 Be(amisare) 动词ing 构成。（二）用法1、表示

30、说话时刻正在进行的动作及行为，或者包括说话时刻在内的一段时间正在进行的动作。常用时间状语及标志词：now( at the moment ) , listen , look , this week , this evening , these days 等。Listen , Someone is playing the piano in the next room .2、表示一种渐进的过程。My younger brother is becoming more and more insterested in English .3、与 always , all the time , forever

31、 等连用，表示说话人某种强烈的情感，如：赞许、批评；喜欢、厌恶等。例如：He is always thinking of others , not of himself . （表示赞许）他总是为他人着想，而不为自己。She is often doing well at school. （表示满意）她在学校学习挺不错的。Are you feeling better today? （表示亲切）你今天觉得好一些吗？One of my roommates is constantly leaving things about.（表示不满）我的一个室友老是乱扔东西。Some sellers are oft

32、en knocking at our door and promoting their products to us .（表示不喜欢） 有些推销员老是敲我家的门,向我们推销他们的产品。4、表示移位的动词，如 go,come,leave,start,arrive 等，其现在进行时可表将来。She is leaving for Beijing next weak .My friend is coming for dinner .（三）句型1、肯定句：主语+ be(amisare) 动词ing +其他。I am studying now .2、否定句：主语+ be +not+动词ing +其他。I

33、am not studying now .3、一般疑问句：Be+主语 +动词ing +其他？Is she studying now ? Yes ,she is ./No,she isnt .4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ Be+ 主语+动词ing +其他？What are you doing now ?（四）动词的现在分词形式构成的几种方法：1、一般在动词原形结尾直接加-ing 。read-reading ， go-going ，visit-visiting 2、以不发音字母 e 结尾的动词，去 e 再加-ing 。live-living, write-writing， make-making,

34、take-taking3、 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写这个字母再加-ing 。sit-sitting,begin-beginning,get-getting,run-running,put-putting4、少数几个以 ie 结尾的动词，变 ie 为 y 再加-ing。 die-dying, lie-lying, tie-tying现在进行时练习题一、 写出下列动词的现在分词： play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_read_have_sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_sit

35、_begin_shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .现在进行时态提高题一.填空题1Mr Zheng _ (read) a book now.2. The rabbits _ (jump) now.3. Look

36、 ! Tom and John _ (swim).4. My brother _ (make) a kite in his room now.5. Look! The bus _ (stop).6. We _ (have) an English class now.7. Listen! Someone is_(come).8. They _(catch) butterflies now.9. He _ (do) an experiment now.10. They _(collect) stamps now.六、过去进行时（一）结构由 was/were+动词-ing 构成。（二）用法表示过去某

37、一时刻或某一段时间正在进行或发生的动作。动作发生的特指时间常用一个短语或时间状语从句来表明，如：at this time yesterday，at 7:00 yesterday ，last night ,from seven to nine ,at that time 以when 或 while 引导的时间状语从句等。My family were watching TV at this time yesterday .注意：（1）以 when 引导的时间状语从句中，从句动作，主句用过去进行时，表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。When he called me , I was havin

38、g dinner .（2）以 while 引导的时间状语从句中，从句与主句的动作在过去某一时刻同时进行，while 常译为“当的时候，同时” 。Tom was doing his hmework while hie sister was watching TV .过去进行时练习题一、用动词的适当形式填空1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move)

39、 away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.二、 选择题1.I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rang c. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2.He said he _ to draw

40、 a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3.While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearingc. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4.They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watch c.

41、 watched d. are watching5.What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, sawc. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing七、现在完成时（一）含义现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，但其结果却和现在有联系, 也就是说, 动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。e.g. I have lost my wallet. (含义是：现在我没有钱花了。)Ja

42、ne has laid the table.(含义是：已可以吃饭了。)Michael has been ill.(含义是：现在仍然很虚弱。)He has returned from abroad. (含义是：现在已在此地)（二）结构助动词 have /has+动词过去分词，主语为第三人称单数用 has，其他人称用 have 。（三）句型1、肯定句：主语+have /has+动词过去分词+其他。I have studied English for 5 years .2、否定句：主语+have /has+not + 动词过去分词+其他。We havent been there .3、一般疑问句：H

43、ave/Has+ 主语+动词过去分词+其他？Has he eaten that apple ?4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have /has +主语+ 动词过去分词+其他？（四）用法1、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的情况,常与 for, since 连用。 e.g. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998.2、现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用, 如 already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等：e.g. He has already obta