人教版八年级上册英语知识点归纳.doc

1、- 1 -八年级英语上册知识点总结Unit 2: How often do you exercise?【复习目标】会使用频率副词及短语；能描述课余时间的活动安排；会描述基本饮食结构。【语言目标】 What do you usually do on weekends? I sometimes go to the beach. How often do you eat vegetables? Every day Most students do homework every day.【重点词汇】 always, usually , often, sometimes , hardly , ever,

2、 never. how often, once , twice , three times a week , every day.【应掌握的词组】1. go to the movies 去看电影 2. look after = take care of 照顾3. surf the internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式5. go skate boarding 去滑板 6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports 锻炼 8. eating habits

3、饮食习惯9. take more exercise 做更多的运动 10. the same as 与什么相同11. be different from 不同 12. once a month 一月一次13. twice a week 一周两次 14. make a difference to 对什么有影响15. how often 多久一次 16. although = though 虽然 17. most of the students=most students 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物19. as for 至于 20. activi

4、ty survey 活动调查21. do homework 做家庭作业 22. do housework 做家务事23. eat less meat 吃更少的肉 24. junk food 垃圾食物25. be good for 对什么有益 26. be bad for 对什么有害27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth 想某人做某事29. try to do sth 尽量做某事 30. come home from school 放学回家31. of course = certainly = sure 当然 32. get good grad

5、es 取得好成绩 33. some advice 34. hardly=not nearly / almost not 几乎不35. keep/be in good health 保持健康 36.be stressed out 紧张的，有压力的37. take a vacation 去度假 48.get back 回来【应掌握的句子】1. How often do you exercise? 你（你们）多久锻炼一次身体？How often + 助动词 do(does 或 did) + 主语 + do sth.? 疑问词 how often 是问频率( 多久一次), （在这里助动词 do(doe

6、s 或 did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用）与一般现在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month 等。翻译：“你们多久到工厂去一次？ ”“每星期两次。” “How often do you go to the factory?” “Twice a week. ”“他们多长时间举办一

7、次舞会？”“ 通常每两周举办一次。” “How often do they have a dancing party?” “Usually, once every other week.”“他多久去购一次物？”“ 一个月一次。 ”- 2 -“How often does he go shopping?” “He goes shopping once a month.”2. “What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.”“周末你通常做什么？”“ 我通常踢足球。 ”第一个 do 为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而

8、第二个 do 则是实义动词。翻译：What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies. What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking. 3. “Whats your favorite program?” “Its Animal World.”=What program do you like best?“你最喜欢什么节目？”“ 动物世界。”4. As for homework , most students do homework every da

9、y . as for.意思是“至于；关于” ，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式（即动名词）。如： As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。As for the story，youd better not believe it. 关于那故事，你最好不要相信。翻译：至于我自己，我现在不想去。 (As for myself, I dont want to go now. ) 至于那个人，我什么都不知道。(As for the man, I know nothing about him.)5. Mom w

10、ants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事 ”；want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看电影吗？The teacher doesnt want us to eat hamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。6. She says its good for my health.be good for.表示“对有益（有好处）”;其反义为：be bad f

11、or.。（这里 for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）如：Its good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。7. How many hours do you sleep every night?8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .9. My eating habits are pretty good . 这里pretty 相当于 very 。10. I try t

12、o eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思而 try doing sth.表示 “（用某一办法）试着去做某事” 。如: Youd better try doing the experiment in another way.你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事12. Good food

13、and exercise help me to study better.这里 better 是 well 的比较级，而不是 good 的比较级13. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as / be different from 14. What sports do you play ? 15. A lot of vegetables h

14、elp you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy16. You must try to eat less meat . - 3 -try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ,不包含是否成功的意思,less 是 little 的比较级17. That sounds interesting. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem （好象），grow（变得）,g

15、et（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：It tastes good. 这味道好。The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。【词语辨析】一、maybe / may be1. The baby is crying she is hungry.2. The woman a teacher .maybe 是副词，意为“大概，可能，或许”，一般用于句首。May be 是情态动词，意为“可能是.，也许是. ，大概是.”.二、a few / few / a l

16、ittle / little三、none / no onenone 指人或物，强调数量，用 how many 提问，常与 of 连用。 no one 多指人，强调“无人” 这种状态，用 who 提问，不可与 of 连用，作主语时，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。四、hard / hardlyhard 作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的” ；作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地 ”。Hardly 意为“几乎不”。Unit 2 Whats the matter?【复习目标】 掌握身体各部位名称的英文表达方式 能表述身体的种种不适以及对他人身体的种种不适给予适当的建议【语言目标】 Whats the mat

17、ter? I have a headache. You should drink some tea. The sounds like a good idea. I have a sore back. Thats too bad . I hope you feel better soon.【重点词汇】 head, nose, eye, ear, tooth, neck, stomach, back, leg, arm, foot, throat thirsty, stressed out,/ dentist, lie, rest, honey, water, illness, advice. c

18、old, fever, headache, toothache, stomachache, sore throat【应掌握的词组】1. Have a cold 感冒 2. sore back 背痛 3. neck and neck 并驾齐驱，齐头并进 4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛= I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach= My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach5. Whats the matter? 怎么了

19、？= Whats the trouble (with you)? = Whats your trouble?= Whats wrong (with you)?= What the matter (with you)? =What has happened to you?= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = whats up?a few (少数的，几个，一些) a little (一点儿，少量) 表示肯定few (很少的，几乎没有的) little (很少的，几乎没有的) 表示否定修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词- 4 -6. sore throat 咽喉痛

20、 7. lie down and rest 躺下休息 8. see a dentist 看牙医 9. drink lots of water 多喝水 10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 11.Thats a good idea 好主意12.Thats too bad 太糟糕了 13.I think so 我认为如此14. Im not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服= Im not feeling fine/all right. = Im feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad.= I dont feel well.15

21、. get some rest 多休息 16. I have no idea = I dont know 我不知道17. stressed out 筋疲力尽 18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了19. a healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 20. traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医21. a balance of yin and yang 阴阳调和 22. you have too much yin.你阴气太盛23. to eat a balance diet 饮食平衡 24. healthy food 健康食品

22、25. stay healthy 保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself反身代词) 玩得高兴，过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time = have fun27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like doing sth practice doi

23、ng sth.练习做某事，mind doing sth. 介意做某事， finish doing sth.完成某事，give up doing sth.放弃做某事， cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事，keep doing sth. 坚持做某事. （keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. ）be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事make a contribution to doing sth.为.做贡献 go on doing sth. 继续做某事 forget doi

24、ng sth.忘记做过某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事spend.(in) doing sth. 花（时间）来做某事prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起（做.）来更愿意（做.） 28. at the moment = now 此刻 29. Host family 东道家庭30. Conversation practice 会话练习 31. Im sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过【应掌握的句子】1 Whats the matter? I have a bad cold. 你怎么了？我得了重感冒。翻译：他怎么了？他胃痛。

25、魏芳怎么了？她背痛。2Maybe you should see a dentist. 或许你应该看牙医。翻译：我应该上床睡觉。我们不应该上课吃东西。We shoudnt eat food in class, 3I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你很快好起来。翻译：我希望他明天能来。I hope you will come her tomorrow. 4Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy.传统中医认为我们需要阴阳调和以保持身体健康。翻译

26、：老师认为我们应该努力学习以取得好成绩。Teachers think we should study hard to get good grade.- 5 -我相信每天晚上睡眠 8 个小时很重要。5Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.吃党参和黄芪等草本植物也对这有好处。翻译：吃一些蔬菜和水果对你的健康有好处。看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 6People who are too stressed out and angry may have

27、 too much yang.太紧张易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物。7Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and its important to eat a balanced diet.有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。翻译：学好英语不是很容易的。Its not easy to study English. 上课注意听讲是必要的。完成作业也很重要。8When you are tired, you shouldnt go out at night. 疲倦时，晚上你不该外出。翻译：他小的时候就知道应该努力学习。他 5 岁就上学了。我们进教室时

28、，老师已经开始讲课了。9I believe him, but I cant believe in him.他的话是真的，但是我不信任他这个人。10I am not feeling very well at the moment.这段时间我感觉不大好。Im tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲劳，而且经常头痛。11Im stressed out because my Mandarin isnt improving.我很容易紧张，因为普通话没有长进。12I practice playing the piano every day.我每天练习弹钢琴。翻译：

29、他每天练习踢足球。I practice playing soccer every day. 我们应该每天练习说英语。13She had finished writing the letter when I went in.我进去时，她已经写完信了。翻译：他踢完足球去游泳了。我洗完餐具后去商店了。 14The doctor asked him to give up smoking.医生叫他戒烟。翻译：不要放弃学英语。Dont give up studying English. 15Do you mind closing the window? 请把窗户关上好吗？翻译：在这里吸烟你介意吗？Do y

30、ou mind smoking here? 16Mary couldnt help laughing at his jokes.对于他的玩笑，玛莉忍不住笑了。翻译：听到这个消息，我忍不住哭了起来。17They kept working though it was raining.尽管天在下雨，他们仍坚持工作。翻译：我们应该坚持学英语。Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?【复习目标】 会使用现在进行时态表示未来计划 会使用 wh-特殊疑问句【语言目标】 What are you doing for vacation? Im spending time w

31、ith my friends. When are you going? - 6 -Im going next week. How long are you staying? Were staying for two weeks.【重点词汇】 babysitting, going sightseeing, going fishing how long / plan, decide / at home, get back【应掌握的词组】1. babysit ones sister 照顾妹妹 2. visit ones grandmother 看望奶奶3. spend time with frien

32、ds 和朋友们一起度过时光 4. visit cousins 看望表弟等 5. go to sports camp 去运动野营 6. o to the beach 去海滩 7. go camping 去野营 8. Go shopping 去买东西 9. go swimming 去游泳10. go boating 去划船 11. go skating 去溜冰 12. go walking 去散步 13. go climbing 去登山 14. go dancing 去跳舞 15. go hiking 去徒步远足16. go sightseeing 去观光 go bike riding 骑自行车旅

33、行，go fishing 去钓鱼17. go house-hunting 去找房子 18. o on a hike 徒步旅行， 19. do some shopping 买东西 20. do some washing 洗衣服21. do some cooking 作饭 22. do some reading 读书23. do some speaking 训练口语 24. do some sewing 做缝纫活25. that sounds nice 那好极了 26. at home 在家27. how about=what about 怎么样？ 28. how long 多长时间29. how

34、 far 多远 30. how often 多长时间一次31. how much, how many 多少 32. have a good time=have fun= have a wonderful time= enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 33. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.出示某物给某人看give me the book=give the book to me 给我书，pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子递给我，sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子卖

35、给我buy me a book =buy a book for me 给我买书，make me a cake = make a cake for me 给我做蛋糕 34. get back=come back 回来 35. rent videos 租借影碟36. take walks=go for a walk 散步 37. think about 考虑38. decide on= decide upon 决定一个计划39. something different 不同的事情40a great vacation 一个愉快的假期 41. I cant wait 我等不及了42. the famo

36、us movie star 著名的影星 43. an exciting vacation 激动人心的假期44. Ask her about her plans 向她询问她的计划ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事45. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事【应该掌握的句子】1What are you doing for vacation? Im babysitting my sister.假期你要做什么？我要照顾我的妹妹。翻译：周末他要做什么？他要去滑划板。李平假期要做什么？他要去野营。- 7 -2Who are yo

37、u going with? Im going with my parents.你要和谁一起去？我要和父母一起去。翻译：王林要和谁一起去观光？他要和他的朋友们一起去。我要和同学们一起去游泳。我和父母要去游览长城。3When is he going camping? He is going on the 12th of February, 2005.4Im going to Tibet for a week. 我要去西藏一周。翻译：你要去西藏多长时间？他们假期要在家里呆一个月。5What are you doing there? Im going hiking in the mountains.你

38、在那里要做什么？ 我要在山区里远足。6Show me your photos when we get back to school.我们返回学校时，你把照片拿给我看。翻译：我来把我的新照片拿给你看看。他长大时想当一名时装杂志的记者。7Where are you going for vacation? Im going to Hawaii for vacation.你要去哪度假？我要去夏威夷度假。翻译：他要去哪度假？他要去泰国度假。8Im going to Hawaii for vacation in December, and Im staying for three weeks.我要在12

39、月去夏威夷度假，在那里呆 3 个星期。翻译：他打算在 11 月 2 日去海南度假，在那呆大约 1 个月。9What is it like there? 那里什么样子？翻译：那部电视剧怎么样？那里的天气怎么样？你和谁一起去？10. Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans?我可以问你一些有关你假期计划的问题吗？翻译：我能吃点肉吗？他向我打听你家的情况。11. He thought about going to Greece or Spain, but decided on Canada.他考虑去希腊或西班牙，但是最后他决定去加拿

40、大。翻译：我总是在欧洲读假。这次，我想有所改变。12. He is leaving the first week in June and staying until September.他将在 6 月的第一个星期动身，一直呆到 9 月。翻译：他想度过一个轻松的假期。 我想要过一个令人兴奋的假期。13. Please dont forget to close the door when you leave.你离开时，请别忘记关门。14She couldnt wait to get home to see he parents.她迫不及待的想回家看望父母。翻译：我听说泰国是一个观光游览的好地方。她

41、星期二动身去香港。 Unit 4 How do you get to school?- 8 -【复习目标】 学会谈论交通工具 合理安排行程，并合理选用交通工具【语言目标】 How do you get to school? I take the bus. How long does it take? It takes 20 minutes. How far is it? Its 10 miles.【重点词汇】 get to, how far./ bicycle, subway, car, train. bus stop, train station, bus station, subway s

42、tation minute, kilometer, mile, transportation , calendar【应掌握的词组】1. get to school 到校 2. get home 到家 3. how about=what about .怎么样？4. take the subway 乘地铁 5. ride a bike 骑自行车 6. take the bus 乘公共汽车7. take the train 乘火车 8. take a taxi 乘坐出租车 9. go in a parents car 坐父母的车10. by bike, bike bus, by subway, by

43、 taxi, by car, by train (乘坐车，放在句尾)11. have a quick breakfast 迅速吃早饭 12. the early bus 早班车 13. how far 多远14. take sb. to sp.带某人到某处15. doing sth. takes sb. Some time/ money=It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.=sb. spends some time/money (on sth.)=sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth.=sth. costs

44、 sb. some time/money=sb. pay some money for sth.花费某人多少时间/金钱做某事/某人花费多少金钱/ 时间做某事16. bus stop 公共汽车站，train station 火车站，subway station 地铁站，bus station 客运站17. want to do sth.想做某事 18. walk to school 步行上学 19. in North America 在北美20. in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地区21. depend on=depend upon 依靠，靠决定22. not all 不是所有的 23. need to do sth.需要做某事 24. number