初三英语知识点总结.doc

1、第 1 页 共 159 页初三英语详细总结Unit 1一、知识点1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。 Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。2.By: 通过 .方式（途径） 。例：I learn English by listening to tapes.在. 旁边。例：by the window/the door 乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car 在 之前，到为止。例：by October 在 10 月前 被 例：English is spoken by many people.3.how 与 what 的区别：how 通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：怎么样 如何，通常用来做状语

2、、表语。what 通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意思为 什么，通常做宾语，主语。How is your summer holiday? Its OK.(how 表示程度 做表语)How did you travel around the world? I travel by air.What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects.第 2 页 共 159 页 Whatthink of? Howlike? Whatdo with? Howdeal with? Whatlike about? Ho

3、wlike? Whats the weather like today? Hows the weather today? What to do? How to do it?e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book?I dont know what I should do with the matter.=I dont know how I should deal with it.What do you like about China?=How do you like China?I dont know wha

4、t to do next step?=I dont know how to do it next step? What good / bad weather it is today!（weather 为不可数名词，其前不能加 a ） What a fine / bad day it is today! （day 为可数名词，其前要加 a ） 4. aloud, loud 与 loudly 的用法 : 三个词都与“大声“或“ 响亮“有关。aloud 是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud 没有比较级形式。如: He read the st

5、ory aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。第 3 页 共 159 页loud 可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与 speak, talk, laugh 等动词连用,多用于比较级 ,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。loudly 是副词,与 loud 同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。5. voice 指人的嗓音

6、也指鸟鸣。sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。noise 指噪音、吵闹声6. find + 宾语 + 宾补（名词 形容词 介词短语 分词等）例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden.We found him in bed. He found the window closed.We found her honest.7. 常见的系动词有： 是： am 、is、 are 第 4 页 共 159 页保持： keep、 stay 转变：become 、 get、 turn 起来 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、

7、 sound8. get + 宾语+ 宾补（形容词 过去分词 动词不定式） 使某种情况发生例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净 Get Mr. Green to come. 让格林先生进来I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行车You cant get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着9. 动词不定式做定语与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to come.与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系I have noth

8、ing to say. I need a pen to write with.I need some paper to write on. I dont have a room to live in.10. practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词 第 5 页 共 159 页11. add 补充说 又说12. join 加入某团体 并成为其中一员 attend 出席参加会议或讲座join in 与 take part in 指参加到某项活动中去。13.all、 both、 always 以及 every 复合词与 not 连用构成部分否定。其完全否定为：all-none, both-n

9、either, everything-nothing, everybody-nobody.14. be afraid of doing sth. / sth.害怕 be afraid of being alonebe afraid to do sth.害怕 be afraid that 恐怕担心，表示委婉语气15.either：放在否定句末表示“也” 两者中的“ 任一”eitheror或者或者.引导主语部分，谓语动词按照就近原则plete 完成，是个较正式的词，后不能接动名词 finish 指日常事物的完成17.a,an 与序数词连用表示 “又一”， “再一” 。例：Please give m

10、e a second apple. There comes a fifth girl.第 6 页 共 159 页18.have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing. 干.遇到麻烦，困难19.unless 除非，如果不，等于“if not”本身就表示否定，引导条件状语从句，主句为将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。例：My baby sister doesnt cry unless shes hungry.=My baby sister doesnt cry if she isnt hungry.Unless you take more care, y

11、oull have an accident.如果你不多加小心的话，你会出事的。20.instead: adv. 代替，更换。例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？ 我们没有咖啡了，改喝茶好吗？It will take days by car, so lets fly instead. 开车去要好几天呢，咱们还是坐飞机吧。Tom was ill, so I went instead.汤姆病了，所以换了我去。instead of doing sth. 作为某人或某事物的替换例：Lets play cards instead of watch

12、ing TV. 第 7 页 共 159 页We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.Give me the red one instead of the green one.21.spoken 口头的，口语的。spoken English 口头英语 speaking 讲话的，说某种语言的。 Speaking skills 讲英语的能力22. 提建议的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont yo

13、u go shopping?Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shoppingShall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?23. a lot 许多 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。24. tooto 太而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：Im too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。25. not at all 一点也不 根本不 如：I

14、like milk very much. I dont like coffee at all. 第 8 页 共 159 页我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。not 经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾26.be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对感兴奋 如：I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。27. end up

15、 doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事 如：The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 end up with sth. 以结束 如：The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。28. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始later on 后来、随29. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间either 也（用于否定句）常在句末第 9 页 共 159 页too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末=as well 30. make mistakes 犯错 mistake

16、sb. for 把错认为make mistakes (in) doing sth. 在干某事方面出错by mistake 错误地；由于搞错mistake-mistook-mistaken如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。I mistook him for his brother.我错把他认成了他的哥哥。make a mistake 犯一个错误 如： I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。31. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 如：Dont laugh at me!不要取笑我!32. take notes 做笔记，做记录 33

17、. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做乐意做 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。第 10 页 共 159 页enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。34. native speaker 说本族语的人35. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式 其中之一如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。36. Its +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事如：Its diff

18、icult (for me ) to study English.对于我来说学习英语太难了。句中的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to study English37. practice doing 练习做某事 如：She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。38. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 如：LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。39. deal with 处理 如：I dealt with a lot of problem.40. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事 如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。41. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 如：