初中各时态知识点讲解.doc

1、1初中时态知识点总结、一般现在时时态：用法 1、经常性的动作 例：Jim watches TV every day.2、现在的特征或状态 例：He is 12 years old.3、自然现象或客观真理 例：The earth goes round the sun.1、与一般现在时连用的时间状语：usually, often, always, every day, now, sometimes, on Sundays 等。2、四个基本句型：肯定句：Jim is a teacher. Lily watches TV every day. They watch TV every day.否定句：J

2、im is not a teacher Lily doesnt watch every day. They dont watch TV every day.一般疑问句：Is Jim a teacher? Yes, he is. No, he isnt. Does Lily watch TV every day? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt. Do they watch TV every day? Yes, they do. No, they dont.特殊疑问句: What is Jim? What does Lily do every day? What do

3、 they do every day?3、动词第三人称单数构成规则：1、一般在 动词尾加 s. 例：play - plays2、以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词加 s 例：watch-watches3、以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，改 y 为 i ,再加 es 例：study studies4、特殊变化的有：be- is have-has go- goes do- does练习：用所给动词适当形式填空1. _ (be) Jim and I in the same class? No, you _.2. Your new book _ (be) over there.3. Jim, why _

4、 (be) you late for school?4. Jims sister _ (do) her homework every day.5. She _ (not do) morning exercises every day.6. _ your mother always _ (do) her homework?7. Lucy usually _ (have) breakfast at 7 in the morning.8. _ our teacher _ (has) any pencils?9. _ Lucy and Lily _ (like) China?10. Li Lei _

5、(not drink) orange every day?改错：每句有一处错误1. Is she Mr. Greens daughter? Yes, shes. _2. Are you Mr. Wang? Yes, you are. _3. Her mother doesnt often brushes her teeth. _4. Do they watch TV every day? Yes, they does. _25. Lucy read books at 7 every day. _6. Jim not cooks every day. _7. Is Jim an English

6、teacher? No, he arent. _8. Lucy doesnt has lunch at school every day. _9. Jims brother is go to school every day. _10. The boys are often go to the zoo. _写出动词的第三人称单数形式Eat watch see say go be do have 句型转换1. Jim is at school today.否定句：_一般疑问句：_Yes 和 NO 回答: _特殊疑问句：_2. Lucy watches TV every day.否定句：_一般疑问

7、句：_Yes 和 NO 回答: _特殊疑问句：_3. The boys go to school every day.否定句：_一般疑问句：_Yes 和 NO 回答: _特殊疑问句：_、现在进行时用法：1、现在进行的动作 例：Jim is reading an English book now.2、当前一段时期内正在进行的动作 例：They are living in Wuhan these days.1、与现在进行时连用的时间状语：now, these days, 或有 look, listen 的提示2、构成： be + 现在分词3、四个基本句型肯定句：Jim is watching TV

8、 now.否定句：Jim is not watching TV now.一般疑问句：Is Jim watching TV now? Yes, he is. No, he isnt.3特殊疑问句：What is Jim doing now?4、现在分词的构成 1、一般动词词尾加 ing 例：read- reading2、以不发音字母 e 结尾的词，去 e 加 ing 例：make- making3、一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾重读的词，双写辅音字母再加 ing. 例：put putting4、特殊的有：be- being lie-lying tie- tying die-dying5、少数动词

9、的现在进行时的表示将要发生、常 见的有：go, come, leave, fly, move, start, arrive, do例：He is leaving Wuhan for Beijing. 他将要离开武汉去北京。What is Jim doing on vocation? 吉姆度假打算做什么？练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Wheres our teacher? He _ (watch TV) over there now.2. They _ (be) in the room now.3. Listen! Lucy and Lily _ (talk) about the weat

10、her.4. Be quiet! My teacher _ (say) something.5. Look! Lucy and Lily _ (swim) in the river.6. It is 8 oclock. They _ (have) an English class.7. _ you _ (study) English? Yes, I am.8. Mr. Smith cant come. He_ (have) a meeting. (会议)改错：每句有一处错误1. Is he reading newspapers every day? _2. Are they playing f

11、ootball? No, they dont. _3. They are running on the playground. _4. Look! The students playing basketball. _5. They are watch TV in the room now. _6. Lucy and Lily are singing and dance. _7. Lucy are now do her homework at school. _8. Listen! Jim and Tom dont now singing. _写出动词的 ing 形式Write study ha

12、ve do be eat sing get 句型转换1. Her mother is reading now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_用 yes 和 NO 回答：_4特殊疑问句：_、一般过去时态用法: 过去时间发生的动作或存在的状 态。例：His mother watched TV yesterday evening.Jim was at home last night.1、与一般过去时连用的时间状语：yesterday, last month, two days ago, in 1998, the other day(几天前)，last year2、四个基本句型肯定句：Jim was at

13、home yesterday. Lily watched TV last night.否定句：Jim was not at home yesterday. Lily did not watch TV last night.一般疑问句：Was Jim at home yesterday? Did Lily watch TV last night?Yes, he was. No, he wasnt. Yes, she did. No, she didnt.特殊疑问句：Where was Jim yesterday? What did Lily do last night?3、动词的过去式的构成规则

14、：1、一般在词尾加 ed. 例：want- wanted2、以 e 结尾的词，只加 d. 例：live- lived3、辅音字母+y 结尾的词，改 y-i ,再加 ed. 例：study- studied4、一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾且重读的词，双写辅音字母，再加 ed. 例： stop- stopped 练习: 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Jim _ (break) a pen yesterday.2. Lucy _ (not do) the homework last night.3. _ Lily _ ( clean) the room this morning? No, she_

15、.4. Where _ they_ (has) lunch yesterday?5. How many apples _ you _ (buy) yesterday?6. _ (be) they all here yesterday? No, they _.7. When _ (be) he born? Match 8th.8. I _ (not be) at school yesterday.9. Jim got up and _ (brush) his teeth.10. Look! Her mother _(clean) the classroom.改错：每处有一个错误1. We was

16、 at school the day before yesterday. _2. Did Lucy and Lily visit the farm? Yes, they do. _3. Every day she went to the farm with us. _4. They stoped to have a drink after walking so far. _5. She reads the book and listened to the radio yesterday evening. _56. They didnt watched TV yesterday. _7. Wha

17、t did they made last Sunday. _8. She was went to school early yesterday. _写出动词的过去式Dance study play get句型转换1. Jim was ill yesterday. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_用 yes 和 NO 回答：_特殊疑问句：_2. Lucy played the guitar yesterday.否定句：_一般疑问句：_用 yes 和 NO 回答：_特殊疑问句：_、过去进行时用法：1、过去某个时间正在进行的动作 例：Jim was cooking at six last night.2、

18、过去一段时间正在进行的动作 例：I was staying here from March to May last year.1、与过去进行时态连用的时间状语：at six last night, then=at that time, at this time yesterday 或有when the teacher came in 和 while he was reading 这样的从句2、四个基本句型：肯定句：Jim was cooking at six last night.否定句：Jim was not cooking at six last night.一般疑问句：Was Jim c

19、ooking at six last night? Yes, he was. No, he wasnt.特殊疑问句：What was Jim doing at six last night?3. 构成：was/ were + 动词 ing.练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Jim _ (watch) TV last night.2. Jim _ (watch) TV at nine last night.63. Now Jims sister _ (read) an English book.4. _ you _(have) supper at that time.5. What _ he

20、_ (do) at nine last night6. Jim _ (not read) a book at eight yesterday evening.7. _ Lily _ (draw) a cat when the teacher came in? No, she _.8. When the teacher came in, the students _ (read) the text.9. Her mother _ (cook) while her father was watching TV.10. Lucy and Lily _ (make) the bed at 7 last

21、 night.改错句：每句有一处错误1. Jim was write carefully at nine last night. _2. Tomorrow they were swimming in the river. _3. At that time she listening to the radio. _4. Jim and I was playing when Lucy came in. _5. I was studing English when the teacher came in. _6. Were you cooking a meal? Yes, I were. _7. J

22、im isnt doing his homework while he was listening to the music._8. The farmers _ (water) the flowers when we got to the farm.句型转换Lucy was singing in the room.否定句：一般疑问句：Yes 和 No 回答：特殊疑问句：对比一下三个句型：1. Jim was reading when the teacher came in.2. Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.3. Jim came in

23、while Kate was watching TV.、一般将来时态：用法：将来某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。1、构成的有两种方式：A： will + 动词原形 B：be going to + 动词原形例：It will rain tomorrow. Jim is going to buy a pen tomorrow.2、四个基本句型：肯定句：He will buy a pen tomorrow. He is going to buy a pen tomorrow.否定句：He will not buy a pen tomorrow. He is not going to buy a pe

24、n tomorrow.一般疑问句：Will he buy a pen tomorrow? Is he going to buy a pen tomorrow?特殊疑问句：What will he do tomorrow? What is he going to do tomorrow?3、如果是第一人称的疑问句， 则用 shall+动词原 形7例：Shall we go to the park by bus?4、有时候 be 动词常用一般 现在时例：What day it is tomorrow? Are you free tomorrow? Its Sunday tomorrow.5、与一般

25、现在时连用的时间状语：tomorrow, next week, soon, in three days, in 2018练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. My mother _ (buy) a pair of new trousers this weekend.2. Jim _ (leave) for Japan tomorrow.3. There _ (be) an English evening next week.4. _ we_ (have) a meeting next Monday?5. Who _ (teach) you English next year?6. _ Lucy

26、_ (clean) the room tomorrow? No, she _.7. Think over, and you _ (get) a good idea.8. Look at the students! They _ (play) basketball over there.改错：每句有一处错误1. He will sing and dances for us tomorrow. _2. Are you going to swim? Yes, I will._3. He will help Jim with his English every day. _4. The student

27、s will not plant trees next week._5. Are they going to plays basketball tomorrow? _6. Will we go to visit the factory tomorrow? _7. Lucy will be going to clean the room next month._8. Will Tom go to Japan next week? No, he isnt. _句型转换1. Jim is going to play basketball tomorrow.否定句：一般疑问句：用 yes 和 No 回

28、答：特殊疑问句：2. Tom will play the violin for us tomorrow.否定句：一般疑问句：用 yes 和 No 回答：特殊疑问句：、现在完成时8用法：1、过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例：Yesterday I finished the work. That is to say, I have finished my homework.2、过去时间开始，一直持 续到现在的动作。例：I have lived here since 1990.1、现在完成时的构成：have/ has+ 过去分词2、四个基本句型：肯定句：He has cleaned the

29、room.否定句：He has not cleaned the room.一般疑问句：Has he cleaned the room? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.特殊疑问句：What has he done?3、现在完成时常和下列词语搭配使用1. I have already found my pen. ( already 已经，在句中或句尾，用于肯定句 )2. Have you bought a computer yet? (yet 已经，在句尾，用于否定句和疑 问句)3. Have you ever visited the park? ( ever 曾经， 在句中

30、)4. I have just done my work. ( just 刚刚，在句中)5. I have never been there before. (never 从不，在句中；before 以前，在句尾)6. So far he has leant 200 words. ( so far 到目前为止，在句首或句尾)7. How long have you lived here? ( how long 多久， 对一段时间提问，多用于现在完成时)8. How many times has he been to Beijing? ( how many times 多少次，多用于现在完成时)

31、4、去了某地，还未回来，不再说话现场(可能在去的途中或已抵达目的地 )，主语一般为第三人称单数）have/ has gone to 例：Jim has gone to Beijing.去过某地，人已经回来了，在说话的现场 have/ has been to 例: Jim has been to Beijing.5、 for + 一段 时间常见于完成 时态 例：Jim has lived here for 2 months.since + 过去时间点常见于现在完成时态 例：Jim has lived here since 2 months ago/ since he came here two

32、months ago. 6、短暂性动词不能和一段时间连用9例：Lucy has bought the book for 10 days. (错) 原因：短暂性动词不能和一段时间 10 days 连用。改正的办法有三种：A： Lucy has bought the book. (去掉一段时间 for 10 days)B: It is 10 days since Lucy bought the book. (固定句型：it is + 一段时间 since + 一般 过去式。C: Lucy has had the book for 10 days. (用延续性动词 have 代替瞬间动词 buy)7

33、、还有其它的短暂性动词举例如下：1. come, arrive, get to, reach-be here go, leave-be away例: Jim has left for 3 hours. (错) 改为：Jim has been away for 3 hours.2. begin, start-be on finish, end-be over例: The movie has begun for ten minutes. (错) 改为：The movie has been on for ten minutes.3. open-be open close-be closed例：The

34、 shop has opened for three months.（错） 改为：The shop has been open for three months.4. die-be dead borrow-keep 或 have例：His father has died for three years. (错) 改为：His father has been dead for three years.I have borrowed the book for ten days.（错） 改为：I have kept the book for ten days.5. join 例：He has joi

35、ned the Party for three years. (错) 改为：He has been in the Party for three years. /He has been a Party member for three years.练习：1. Thanks a lot. It is sunny again. It _ ( rain) for a long time.2. _ Mr. Li _ (live) here since 8 years old? No, he _.3. He _ (teach) us English here since we _ (see) him 5

36、 years ago.4. How many times _ you _ (be) to Beijing? Only one. I _ (go) there two years ago.5. Ive lost my cat. _ you ever _ (see) it anywhere?6. Wait here, please. The train _ (not arrive) yet.7. He has found his bike. When _ he _ (find) it?8. I _ (not read) the book before.9. The teacher _ (reach

37、) Beijing ten days ago.改错：每句有一处错误1. Jim has bought the pen for just 3 days. _2. The man has died for 2 years. _3. I have gone to Beijing 3 times. _104. Lucy has lived here since 5 years. _5. Has he been a teacher for 1990? _6. I lived here since 5 months ago. _7. Jims brothers has finished the work.

38、 _8. Lucy has taked the books to the classroom. _9. Have they left Beijing yet? No, they dont._10. Jim isnt here. He has been to Beijing. He went there this morning. _.句型转换肯定句：Lucy has finished the work.一般疑问句：_用 Yes 和 NO 回答：_否定句：_特殊疑问句：_时态综合练习：历年考题：（07 重庆）My aunt isnt here. She _ Shanghai on business. She will be back in three days.A. went B. has gone to C. has been to D. will go to (07 长春 ) How was your day off? Pretty good! We _ the history museum.A. visit B. visited C. are visiting D. will visit(07 江苏 ) Where is your mother, Helen? She _ the flowers in the garden.A. waters B. watered