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初中各时态知识点讲解.doc

1、1初中时态知识点总结、一般现在时时态:用法 1、经常性的动作 例:Jim watches TV every day.2、现在的特征或状态 例:He is 12 years old.3、自然现象或客观真理 例:The earth goes round the sun.1、与一般现在时连用的时间状语:usually, often, always, every day, now, sometimes, on Sundays 等。2、四个基本句型:肯定句:Jim is a teacher. Lily watches TV every day. They watch TV every day.否定句:J

2、im is not a teacher Lily doesnt watch every day. They dont watch TV every day.一般疑问句:Is Jim a teacher? Yes, he is. No, he isnt. Does Lily watch TV every day? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt. Do they watch TV every day? Yes, they do. No, they dont.特殊疑问句: What is Jim? What does Lily do every day? What do

3、 they do every day?3、动词第三人称单数构成规则:1、一般在 动词尾加 s. 例:play - plays2、以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词加 s 例:watch-watches3、以辅音字母+y 结尾的词,改 y 为 i ,再加 es 例:study studies4、特殊变化的有:be- is have-has go- goes do- does练习:用所给动词适当形式填空1. _ (be) Jim and I in the same class? No, you _.2. Your new book _ (be) over there.3. Jim, why _

4、 (be) you late for school?4. Jims sister _ (do) her homework every day.5. She _ (not do) morning exercises every day.6. _ your mother always _ (do) her homework?7. Lucy usually _ (have) breakfast at 7 in the morning.8. _ our teacher _ (has) any pencils?9. _ Lucy and Lily _ (like) China?10. Li Lei _

5、(not drink) orange every day?改错:每句有一处错误1. Is she Mr. Greens daughter? Yes, shes. _2. Are you Mr. Wang? Yes, you are. _3. Her mother doesnt often brushes her teeth. _4. Do they watch TV every day? Yes, they does. _25. Lucy read books at 7 every day. _6. Jim not cooks every day. _7. Is Jim an English

6、teacher? No, he arent. _8. Lucy doesnt has lunch at school every day. _9. Jims brother is go to school every day. _10. The boys are often go to the zoo. _写出动词的第三人称单数形式Eat watch see say go be do have 句型转换1. Jim is at school today.否定句:_一般疑问句:_Yes 和 NO 回答: _特殊疑问句:_2. Lucy watches TV every day.否定句:_一般疑问

7、句:_Yes 和 NO 回答: _特殊疑问句:_3. The boys go to school every day.否定句:_一般疑问句:_Yes 和 NO 回答: _特殊疑问句:_、现在进行时用法:1、现在进行的动作 例:Jim is reading an English book now.2、当前一段时期内正在进行的动作 例:They are living in Wuhan these days.1、与现在进行时连用的时间状语:now, these days, 或有 look, listen 的提示2、构成: be + 现在分词3、四个基本句型肯定句:Jim is watching TV

8、 now.否定句:Jim is not watching TV now.一般疑问句:Is Jim watching TV now? Yes, he is. No, he isnt.3特殊疑问句:What is Jim doing now?4、现在分词的构成 1、一般动词词尾加 ing 例:read- reading2、以不发音字母 e 结尾的词,去 e 加 ing 例:make- making3、一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾重读的词,双写辅音字母再加 ing. 例:put putting4、特殊的有:be- being lie-lying tie- tying die-dying5、少数动词

9、的现在进行时的表示将要发生、常 见的有:go, come, leave, fly, move, start, arrive, do例:He is leaving Wuhan for Beijing. 他将要离开武汉去北京。What is Jim doing on vocation? 吉姆度假打算做什么?练习:用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Wheres our teacher? He _ (watch TV) over there now.2. They _ (be) in the room now.3. Listen! Lucy and Lily _ (talk) about the weat

10、her.4. Be quiet! My teacher _ (say) something.5. Look! Lucy and Lily _ (swim) in the river.6. It is 8 oclock. They _ (have) an English class.7. _ you _ (study) English? Yes, I am.8. Mr. Smith cant come. He_ (have) a meeting. (会议)改错:每句有一处错误1. Is he reading newspapers every day? _2. Are they playing f

11、ootball? No, they dont. _3. They are running on the playground. _4. Look! The students playing basketball. _5. They are watch TV in the room now. _6. Lucy and Lily are singing and dance. _7. Lucy are now do her homework at school. _8. Listen! Jim and Tom dont now singing. _写出动词的 ing 形式Write study ha

12、ve do be eat sing get 句型转换1. Her mother is reading now.否定句:_一般疑问句:_用 yes 和 NO 回答:_4特殊疑问句:_、一般过去时态用法: 过去时间发生的动作或存在的状 态。例:His mother watched TV yesterday evening.Jim was at home last night.1、与一般过去时连用的时间状语:yesterday, last month, two days ago, in 1998, the other day(几天前),last year2、四个基本句型肯定句:Jim was at

13、home yesterday. Lily watched TV last night.否定句:Jim was not at home yesterday. Lily did not watch TV last night.一般疑问句:Was Jim at home yesterday? Did Lily watch TV last night?Yes, he was. No, he wasnt. Yes, she did. No, she didnt.特殊疑问句:Where was Jim yesterday? What did Lily do last night?3、动词的过去式的构成规则

14、:1、一般在词尾加 ed. 例:want- wanted2、以 e 结尾的词,只加 d. 例:live- lived3、辅音字母+y 结尾的词,改 y-i ,再加 ed. 例:study- studied4、一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾且重读的词,双写辅音字母,再加 ed. 例: stop- stopped 练习: 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Jim _ (break) a pen yesterday.2. Lucy _ (not do) the homework last night.3. _ Lily _ ( clean) the room this morning? No, she_

15、.4. Where _ they_ (has) lunch yesterday?5. How many apples _ you _ (buy) yesterday?6. _ (be) they all here yesterday? No, they _.7. When _ (be) he born? Match 8th.8. I _ (not be) at school yesterday.9. Jim got up and _ (brush) his teeth.10. Look! Her mother _(clean) the classroom.改错:每处有一个错误1. We was

16、 at school the day before yesterday. _2. Did Lucy and Lily visit the farm? Yes, they do. _3. Every day she went to the farm with us. _4. They stoped to have a drink after walking so far. _5. She reads the book and listened to the radio yesterday evening. _56. They didnt watched TV yesterday. _7. Wha

17、t did they made last Sunday. _8. She was went to school early yesterday. _写出动词的过去式Dance study play get句型转换1. Jim was ill yesterday. 否定句:_一般疑问句:_用 yes 和 NO 回答:_特殊疑问句:_2. Lucy played the guitar yesterday.否定句:_一般疑问句:_用 yes 和 NO 回答:_特殊疑问句:_、过去进行时用法:1、过去某个时间正在进行的动作 例:Jim was cooking at six last night.2、

18、过去一段时间正在进行的动作 例:I was staying here from March to May last year.1、与过去进行时态连用的时间状语:at six last night, then=at that time, at this time yesterday 或有when the teacher came in 和 while he was reading 这样的从句2、四个基本句型:肯定句:Jim was cooking at six last night.否定句:Jim was not cooking at six last night.一般疑问句:Was Jim c

19、ooking at six last night? Yes, he was. No, he wasnt.特殊疑问句:What was Jim doing at six last night?3. 构成:was/ were + 动词 ing.练习:用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Jim _ (watch) TV last night.2. Jim _ (watch) TV at nine last night.63. Now Jims sister _ (read) an English book.4. _ you _(have) supper at that time.5. What _ he

20、_ (do) at nine last night6. Jim _ (not read) a book at eight yesterday evening.7. _ Lily _ (draw) a cat when the teacher came in? No, she _.8. When the teacher came in, the students _ (read) the text.9. Her mother _ (cook) while her father was watching TV.10. Lucy and Lily _ (make) the bed at 7 last

21、 night.改错句:每句有一处错误1. Jim was write carefully at nine last night. _2. Tomorrow they were swimming in the river. _3. At that time she listening to the radio. _4. Jim and I was playing when Lucy came in. _5. I was studing English when the teacher came in. _6. Were you cooking a meal? Yes, I were. _7. J

22、im isnt doing his homework while he was listening to the music._8. The farmers _ (water) the flowers when we got to the farm.句型转换Lucy was singing in the room.否定句:一般疑问句:Yes 和 No 回答:特殊疑问句:对比一下三个句型:1. Jim was reading when the teacher came in.2. Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.3. Jim came in

23、while Kate was watching TV.、一般将来时态:用法:将来某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。1、构成的有两种方式:A: will + 动词原形 B:be going to + 动词原形例:It will rain tomorrow. Jim is going to buy a pen tomorrow.2、四个基本句型:肯定句:He will buy a pen tomorrow. He is going to buy a pen tomorrow.否定句:He will not buy a pen tomorrow. He is not going to buy a pe

24、n tomorrow.一般疑问句:Will he buy a pen tomorrow? Is he going to buy a pen tomorrow?特殊疑问句:What will he do tomorrow? What is he going to do tomorrow?3、如果是第一人称的疑问句, 则用 shall+动词原 形7例:Shall we go to the park by bus?4、有时候 be 动词常用一般 现在时例:What day it is tomorrow? Are you free tomorrow? Its Sunday tomorrow.5、与一般

25、现在时连用的时间状语:tomorrow, next week, soon, in three days, in 2018练习:用所给动词的适当形式填空1. My mother _ (buy) a pair of new trousers this weekend.2. Jim _ (leave) for Japan tomorrow.3. There _ (be) an English evening next week.4. _ we_ (have) a meeting next Monday?5. Who _ (teach) you English next year?6. _ Lucy

26、_ (clean) the room tomorrow? No, she _.7. Think over, and you _ (get) a good idea.8. Look at the students! They _ (play) basketball over there.改错:每句有一处错误1. He will sing and dances for us tomorrow. _2. Are you going to swim? Yes, I will._3. He will help Jim with his English every day. _4. The student

27、s will not plant trees next week._5. Are they going to plays basketball tomorrow? _6. Will we go to visit the factory tomorrow? _7. Lucy will be going to clean the room next month._8. Will Tom go to Japan next week? No, he isnt. _句型转换1. Jim is going to play basketball tomorrow.否定句:一般疑问句:用 yes 和 No 回

28、答:特殊疑问句:2. Tom will play the violin for us tomorrow.否定句:一般疑问句:用 yes 和 No 回答:特殊疑问句:、现在完成时8用法:1、过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例:Yesterday I finished the work. That is to say, I have finished my homework.2、过去时间开始,一直持 续到现在的动作。例:I have lived here since 1990.1、现在完成时的构成:have/ has+ 过去分词2、四个基本句型:肯定句:He has cleaned the

29、room.否定句:He has not cleaned the room.一般疑问句:Has he cleaned the room? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.特殊疑问句:What has he done?3、现在完成时常和下列词语搭配使用1. I have already found my pen. ( already 已经,在句中或句尾,用于肯定句 )2. Have you bought a computer yet? (yet 已经,在句尾,用于否定句和疑 问句)3. Have you ever visited the park? ( ever 曾经, 在句中

30、)4. I have just done my work. ( just 刚刚,在句中)5. I have never been there before. (never 从不,在句中;before 以前,在句尾)6. So far he has leant 200 words. ( so far 到目前为止,在句首或句尾)7. How long have you lived here? ( how long 多久, 对一段时间提问,多用于现在完成时)8. How many times has he been to Beijing? ( how many times 多少次,多用于现在完成时)

31、4、去了某地,还未回来,不再说话现场(可能在去的途中或已抵达目的地 ),主语一般为第三人称单数)have/ has gone to 例:Jim has gone to Beijing.去过某地,人已经回来了,在说话的现场 have/ has been to 例: Jim has been to Beijing.5、 for + 一段 时间常见于完成 时态 例:Jim has lived here for 2 months.since + 过去时间点常见于现在完成时态 例:Jim has lived here since 2 months ago/ since he came here two

32、months ago. 6、短暂性动词不能和一段时间连用9例:Lucy has bought the book for 10 days. (错) 原因:短暂性动词不能和一段时间 10 days 连用。改正的办法有三种:A: Lucy has bought the book. (去掉一段时间 for 10 days)B: It is 10 days since Lucy bought the book. (固定句型:it is + 一段时间 since + 一般 过去式。C: Lucy has had the book for 10 days. (用延续性动词 have 代替瞬间动词 buy)7

33、、还有其它的短暂性动词举例如下:1. come, arrive, get to, reach-be here go, leave-be away例: Jim has left for 3 hours. (错) 改为:Jim has been away for 3 hours.2. begin, start-be on finish, end-be over例: The movie has begun for ten minutes. (错) 改为:The movie has been on for ten minutes.3. open-be open close-be closed例:The

34、 shop has opened for three months.(错) 改为:The shop has been open for three months.4. die-be dead borrow-keep 或 have例:His father has died for three years. (错) 改为:His father has been dead for three years.I have borrowed the book for ten days.(错) 改为:I have kept the book for ten days.5. join 例:He has joi

35、ned the Party for three years. (错) 改为:He has been in the Party for three years. /He has been a Party member for three years.练习:1. Thanks a lot. It is sunny again. It _ ( rain) for a long time.2. _ Mr. Li _ (live) here since 8 years old? No, he _.3. He _ (teach) us English here since we _ (see) him 5

36、 years ago.4. How many times _ you _ (be) to Beijing? Only one. I _ (go) there two years ago.5. Ive lost my cat. _ you ever _ (see) it anywhere?6. Wait here, please. The train _ (not arrive) yet.7. He has found his bike. When _ he _ (find) it?8. I _ (not read) the book before.9. The teacher _ (reach

37、) Beijing ten days ago.改错:每句有一处错误1. Jim has bought the pen for just 3 days. _2. The man has died for 2 years. _3. I have gone to Beijing 3 times. _104. Lucy has lived here since 5 years. _5. Has he been a teacher for 1990? _6. I lived here since 5 months ago. _7. Jims brothers has finished the work.

38、 _8. Lucy has taked the books to the classroom. _9. Have they left Beijing yet? No, they dont._10. Jim isnt here. He has been to Beijing. He went there this morning. _.句型转换肯定句:Lucy has finished the work.一般疑问句:_用 Yes 和 NO 回答:_否定句:_特殊疑问句:_时态综合练习:历年考题:(07 重庆)My aunt isnt here. She _ Shanghai on business. She will be back in three days.A. went B. has gone to C. has been to D. will go to (07 长春 ) How was your day off? Pretty good! We _ the history museum.A. visit B. visited C. are visiting D. will visit(07 江苏 ) Where is your mother, Helen? She _ the flowers in the garden.A. waters B. watered

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