初中英语反义疑问句详细讲解--整合.doc

1、1反义疑问句一、英文中的反意疑问句。1、什么是反意疑问句英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。(表示说话者对某事有一定看法，但又不完全确定，需要对方加以证实。)翻译为“是吗”2. 反意疑问句的回答，回答时，如果情况属实，用 Yes 加上反问句的倒装肯定句；若果情况不属实，则用 No 加上反问句的倒装否定句。例如You were moved by your students, werent you?情况属实：Yes, I were. ？was情况不属实：No, I werent.注

2、意事项：附加问句的主语应与陈述句的主语保持一致，且只能用人称代词替代。如：You come from Beijing, dont you?你来自北京，是不是?The students in Grade One wont go to the park, will they? 一年级的学生不去公园了，是吗?二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？如： You cant do it, can you? 你不能做它，是吗？They are very late for the meeting, arent they? 他们开会迟到了，是吗？三

3、当陈述句中含有 be 动词，助动词，或是情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成，Be 动词包括：am, is, are, was, were助动词有：do, does, did, have（用在完成时）, has（用在完成时）等2情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, shoul例如：She is a lovely girl, isnt she? 她是一个可爱的女孩，是吗？He will go home, wont he? 他要回家了，是吗？She doesnt like to eat popcorn, doe

4、s she? 她不喜欢吃爆米花，是吗？The baby wont sleep early, will it?小宝宝睡得不早，是吗？注意： He has supper at home every day, doesnt he? (不能用 hasnt he?) 他每天在家吃晚饭，是吗？They have known the matter, havent they? (不能用 dont they?) 他们已经知道那事情了，是吗？四当陈述句中只含有行为动词时，若动词加了 s,就用 does, 若动词为原形，就用 do,动词为过去式，则用 did,例如：You cleaned your house la

5、st week, didnt you?你上周打扫了你的房间，是吗？Your father plays the computer very well, doesnt he ?你父亲电脑技术很好，是吗？They look so happy today, dont they?你今天看起来很高兴，是吗？五(1)反意疑问句的陈述部分带有 little, few, never, hardly, seldom，nobody, nothing, no one, none, neither, barely, scarcely 等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如： She never tells a lie,

6、 does she?(不用 doesnt she?) 她从不说谎，是吗？He was seldom late, was he?(不用 wasnt he?) 他几乎不迟到，是吗？33. Nobody phoned while I was out, did they?4. He is hardly able to swim, is he?5. There is little ink in your pen, is there?(2).含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时，其反意疑问句用肯定结构，也可以用否定结构。例如：You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他

7、那儿什么也没得到，是吗？(3)当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如：It is unfair, isnt it? 这不公平，是吧？六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为 I am时，问句部分习惯上用 arent I？表示。如： I am a very honest man, arent I? 我是个很诚实的人，是吗？七陈述部分的主语为不定代词 something, anything, nothing, everything 时，问句部分的主语用it。如： Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it? 电脑有问题

8、了，是吗？Nothing has happened to them, has it? 他们什么事也没发生，是吗？八、1.陈述部分的主语为不定代词 somebody (someone), anybody (anyone), nobody (no one), everybody (everyone) none, neither 时，问句部分的主语用 he 或 they，这时问句动词的数应和 he 或 they 一致。如：Someone has taken the seat, hasnt he? 有人已经坐了位置，是吗？Everyone has done their best in the game

9、, havent they? .每个人在比赛中已经尽力了，是吗？九陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one，也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如：One should be ready to help others, shouldnt one? 每个人都应该乐于助人，是吧？十陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用 it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those 时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如：4This is a plane, isnt it? 这是一架飞机，是吗？These are grapes，arent they? 这些是葡

10、萄，是吗？十一陈述部分为祈使句1）若为 lets 引导，反问句用 shall we? 例如 Lets go home together, shall we? 让我们一起回家，好吗？2）若为 let us/me 引导 和其余的任何一般的否定祈使句，都用 will you, 例如Let us stop to rest, will you? 让我们停下休息，好吗？Dont make any noise, will you? 别弄出噪音，好吗？3）一般的肯定祈使句则用 will you 或 wont you 都行，例如：Do sit down, wont you?/ will you? 请坐，好吗？Y

11、ou feed the bird today, will you? 今天你喂鸟，是吗？Please open the window, will you? (wont you?) 打开窗，好吗？十：陈述部分为 There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there (here)?形式。There are two cakes on the plate, arent there? 碟子里有两块蛋糕，是吗？Here is a story about Mark Twain, isnt here? 这是关于马克吐温的故事，是吗？十一. 感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用b

12、e的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如：What fine weather, isnt it? 多好的天气啊，是吧？十二. 当陈述部分谓语动词是 need, dare, used to，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。若dare 和need 为情态动词， 疑问部分用 dare 或need构成。例如：We need to help them, dont we?You darent go there, dare you?十三. 当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式 (短语)、动词-ing形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如：What you need is more importa

13、nt, isnt it？你需要的东西更重要，是吧？十四. 陈述部分有had better时，反意疑问句中要用hadnt。例如：5We had better go to school at once, hadnt we? 我们现在最好马上去上学，好吗？18.当陈述部分含有情态动词must 时，我们便要分析一下must 的含义。如果must 作“一定；要；必须 ”讲，反意疑问句须用mustnt或neednt ；而当must 作推测意义“一定是；必定”讲时，反意疑问句则需根据must 后的动词原形选用相应的形式。当must 后面接的是完成时是，反意疑问句部分的动词可用havent 也可didnt (

14、一般句中有明确的时间状语时用didnt) 例如：You must go now, neednt you ?You mustnt smoke here, must you?You must be hungry now, arent you ?You must have watched that football match last night, didnt you?19. 陈述部分是有 and, or, for, but 等引起的并列结构时，疑问部分与邻近分句保持一致。We must study hard, or we shall fail, shant we?20. 陈述部分用 neithe

15、rnor, not onlybut also,等连接主语时，疑问部分用复数代词。Neither you nor I can do it, can we?Not only she but also I passed the exam, didnt we?21陈述部分的主语是 each of.结构时，附加疑问句在强调整体时用 they，当作个别时用 he。22. 陈述部分有 would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?23 陈述部分有 Youd li

16、ke to +v. 疑问部分用 wouldnt +主语。Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?24， 陈述部分的主语后有同位语从句或定语从句修饰时，疑问部分仍对逐句主语进行反问。The news that they failed their driving test disappointed him, didnt ?他们没有通过驾驶考试的消息让他失望了，对不对?25. 陈述部分的谓语动词是表示愿望的 wish,主语为 I 时，疑问部分常用 may I 且前后两部分均用肯定形式。6I wish to go home now, may I? 反义疑问句1、遵循“

17、前否后肯”或“前肯后否”的原则:Jim isnt in Class Four, is he?2、前后两句主语相同 :Mr Zhang has been here for four years, hasnt he?3、主语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）：前句主语 后句主语 例 句This/that This is your brother,isnt it?Somethinganythingeverythingnothing Nothing is serious,is it?V.ing/to v.ItSwimming is great fun,isnt it?These/those they Th

18、ose are books,arent they?Everybody/everyoneSomeboby/someoneAnybody/anyoneHe/they Everyone knows this,dont they?(Everyone knows this ,doesnt he?)Bothand They/you/we Both Tom and Jack came, didnt they?Nobody He Nobody likes to lose money, does he?had better should 或 had We had better go right now, sho

19、uldnt we / hadnt we?would rather + 动词原形” would like to + 动词原形”wouldnt Youd like to have some bananas, wouldnt you?I am Arent I I am your friend, arent I?Let me will you 或 may I Let me help you, may I?Lets shall we Lets go for a walk, shall we?let us will you Let us do it by ourselves, will you?Let 接

20、第三人称 will you Let him come in, will you?感叹句 Isnt it/arent ? What fine weather, isnt it?否定的祈使句 Will youcan you Dont make a noise, will / can you?表示邀请,请求的祈使句will youwont you/would youCome here, will you?Turn off the light, will you?7表示告诉别人做某事的祈使句will you、can you、would youcant you、wont you ：Stop talkin

21、g, can you?Write down the new words, will you / wont you?4、谓语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）：前谓语 后谓语 例句have (有) have 或 do Mary has two brothers, doesnt she / hasnt she?have (有) 与陈述部分一致 He hasnt a lot of time, has he?have 不做“有” 用 do They all have a good time, dont they?have to 用 do 或 have We have to get up early, do

22、nt we / havent we?have got to 用 have We have got to answer all the questions, havent wehad better 用 should 或had We had better go right now, shouldnt we / hadnt wemay may 主语 + not They may be here next week, may they not?must(必须) 用 neednt You must do it today, neednt you?must(应该) 用 mustnt I must stud

23、y hard, mustnt I?mustnt 用 must 或 may You mustnt talk like that, must you?实义动 need 和 dear 用 do He needs help, doesnt he?情态动 need 和 dear 用 need 和 dear He dare not say so, dare he?neednt 用 need 或must He neednt do that, must he?“ would rather + 动词原形” “would like to +动词原形”用 wouldnt Youd like to have some bananas, wouldnt you?“ought to + 动词原形” 用 oughtnt 或shouldnt We ought to go there, shouldnt we?“used to +动词原形”didnt + 主语”usednt 主语” He used to live in London, usednt he / didnt he?