小升初英语阅读理解方面的技巧.doc

1、1小升初英语阅读理解方面的技巧乐加乐英语小升初团队的冯嘉怡老师，你们也可以叫我 Carrie。从今天起，我会每周定期和大家分享关于小升初英语阅读理解方面的技巧。欢迎大家积极回复，我也会根据大家的回馈及时更新和解答的哦。阅读一直是英语教学的重点，近年来，注重对阅读理解能力的考核更渐渐成为小升初的一大趋势。不久前，我看到一个 PPT 原则，觉得很有道理，在这里跟大家分享一下。所谓 PPT，就是 perseverance（坚持），practice（练习）和 technique（技巧）。在做阅读的时候，很多小朋友可能都会遇到单词不懂的情况，其实单词量的大小与阅读能力是密切相关的。学习英语就是一个积累的

2、过程。所以坚持每天学习新的单词，复习旧的单词是很有必要的哦。另外，“Practice makes perfect“。Carrie 老师建议大家 每天花 15-20 分钟的时间做阅读，这样有助于培养英语语感，文感和手感。有了坚持的勇气，加上大量的练习，再结合一些技巧，那就事半功倍啦。小升初英语阅读题型传统的主要有两种，包括判断正误和单项选择。另外还有两种新的考法，即给文章中空缺部分选择相应的句子（2013 年大联盟）和填空形式回答问题。今天，我们主要来讲一下判断正误型的阅读题。23下面，我们一起来实战一下吧！Look up into the sky. What can you see? You

3、can see the sun. At night,you can see the moon and many many stars. The moon is nearer us than the sun.The sun is much farther. The moon looks almost as large as the sun. But the sunis really much larger. The sun is a star. It is a big ball of fire. It sendsout light. The moon is a satellite(卫星). It

4、 doesnt send out light. There isnt any air on the moon. There areno trees, grass or water on the moon. During the day it is very hot, but at nightit can be -129。( )1.The moon is as large as thesun.( )2. The sun is a big ball offire.( )3. The moon sends outlight. ( )4. There arent any trees onthe moo

5、n.( )5. On the moon, it is very coldall the day.解题三部曲：第一步：浏览五个句子，理解每个句子的意思4可以得知：五个句子分别关于月亮和太阳的大小比较，太阳是火球，月亮发光，月球上没有树木和月球温度的描述。划出关键词 moon, sun, as large as; sun, big ball of fire; moon, send out light;arent any trees, moon; moon, cold, all the day.第二步：有目的地在原文中寻找相应描述的句子，详细请看答案解析。第三步：用火眼金睛严格比照原文与所给句子的异

6、同。答案：1. F答案解析：原文中关于月亮与太阳大小比较的描述：“The moon looks almostaslarge as the sun.”与所给句子对比，可以发现缺了 look almost（看起来几乎）。所以该题错在扩大范围，看起来几乎一样大与一样大是完全不同的概念，另外，从后面“But the sun is really much larger.”也可以得出答案。2. T答案解析：原文中关于太阳是火球的描述：“Thesun is a star. It is a big ball of fire.”it 作为代词，指代前文中 The sun. 所以两句结合就是 The sun is

7、 a big ball of fire.刚好与所给句子吻合。3. F答案解析：原文中关于月亮发光的描述：“Themoon is a satellite(卫星). It doesnt send out light.”it 作为代词，指代前文中 The moon.所以两句结合为 The moon doesnt send out light.错在正反混淆，刚好所给句子与原文意思相反。4. T5答案解析：关于月球上是否存在生物的描述：“There are no trees, grass or water on the moon.”no=not any，所以该句属于同义转换。5. F答案解析：根据关键词

8、，找到原文中有关 moon,cold 和 all the day 的描述：“During theday it is very hot, but at night it can be -129”所以duringthe day 与 at night 是截然不同的，所给句子中“all the day”扩大了范围。好啦，说了这么多，打铁趁热，下面我们就来小小测试一下吧。阅读短文,判断下列句子是否与短文内容相符, 用 T 表示相符，F 表示不符。 A fox was looking for food. He was very hungry. Then he saw a lot of nicegrapes

9、 at the top of the tree.“How nice they are! I want to eat them.” The fox jumped andjumped, but the tree was too high. He could not get the grapes. The fox wentaway and said. “ I dont like grapes. Theyre not good to eat.” ( ) 1. The fox was playing nearthe tree. ( ) 2. There were many grapesat the to

10、p of the tree. ( ) 3. The fox did not like thegrapes. ( ) 4. The fox went awaybecause (因为) the grapes were not good to eat.答案将在下周揭晓，小朋友们快点在回复区写上自己的答案吧。上周留下的题目，有没有小朋友全对呢？下面我们来揭晓一下吧。题目回顾：阅读短文,判断下列句子是否与短文内容相符, 用 T 表示相符，F 表示不符。A fox was looking for food. He was very hungry. Then he saw a lot of nicegrap

11、es at the top of the tree.“How nice they are! I want to eat them.” The fox jumped andjumped, but the tree was too high. He could not get the 6grapes. The fox wentaway and said. “ I dont like grapes. Theyre not good to eat.” ( ) 1. The fox was playing nearthe tree. ( ) 2. There were many grapesat the

12、 top of the tree. ( ) 3. The fox did not like thegrapes. ( ) 4. The fox went awaybecause (因为) the grapes were notgood to eat.1. F答案解析：该句子描述的是狐狸的活动，关键词是 play, near the tree.扫描一轮可以发现，原文中关于描述狐狸活动的句子是:”A fox was looking for food.”比较之后就知道，狐狸不是在玩，而是在找吃的，所以错在偷换概念。2. T答案解析：该句子指树顶上有很多葡萄，关键词是 grapes, the top

13、of the tree. 原文中相应的句子是：“Then he saw a lot of nice grapes at the top of the tree。”比较得知，两个句子表达的是同样的意思，所以正确。3. F答案解析：这一道题相对会有一点难度，因为它设置了个小陷阱，不知道聪明的小朋友们有没有识破呢？如果只是扫描原文，很容易会被“I dont like grapes.”这句话混淆，以为狐狸真的不爱吃葡萄，狐狸这么狡猾，他的话能不能信呢？这个时候就需要联系上下文了。其实真正能表明狐狸是否喜欢葡萄的，应该是前面的一句话，“How nice they are! I want to eat t

14、hem.”当狐狸第一眼发现葡萄的时候，就发出了感叹，“这葡萄多好呀，我想要吃。”由此可得，狐狸是喜欢葡萄的哦。4. F7答案解析：这一题跟第三题很像，因为它不止需要扫描原文，对比原文，还要联系上下文，揣摩隐藏的意思。由上一题，我们可以知道，狐狸是喜欢吃葡萄的，而且他有努力地去摘，但原文还有一句很关键的话，“but the tree was too high. He could not get the grapes.”（树太高了，狐狸摘不了葡萄。）也正是因为狐狸吃不到葡萄，才会说葡萄不好吃，这也就是所谓“吃不到的葡萄是酸的”的道理了。因此，狐狸离开，不是真的因为葡萄不好吃，而是他吃不到。另外，”

15、but”常常提示下文更重要，小朋友们以后做阅读的时候也要多加留意。阅读一直是小升初试题中的重头戏，夸张点说，“得阅读者，得小升初。”所以小朋友们一定要多花心思在阅读上哦。好啦，下面让我们一起进入最常考的单项选择型阅读的技巧分享啦。8好啦，事不宜迟，小朋友们，我们一起来实战一下吧。There is a frog(青蛙). He lives in a well（井） and he never（从未）goes out of the well. He thinks the sky is as big as the mouth of thewell.One day a crow（乌鸦） comes to

16、 the well. He sees the frog and say,”Frog, lets have a talk.” Then the frog asks,” Where are you from?”“I fly from the sky,” the crow says.The frog feels surprised and says,” The sky is only as big asthe mouth of the well. How do you fly from the sky?” The crow says,“ The sky isvery big. You always

17、stay in the well, so you dont know the world is big.” Thefrog says,” I dont believe(相信 ).”But he crowsays,“ You can come out and have a look by yourself.” So the frog comes outfrom the 9well. He is very surprised. How big the world is!( )1. The frog lives in .A. A garden B. a pond(池塘) C. a well( )2.

18、 The frog thinks the sky is.A. very big B. very small C. very high( ) 3.The crow from a well A. is B. isnt C. doesnt( ) 4. The frog is very surprised when he comes out from the well, because_A. he doesnt know the world is so big B. he doesnt know he can jump high C. he doesnt know the sky is blue( )

19、5. The best(最好的)Chinese title of the story isA. 青蛙和乌鸦 B. 青蛙看天空 C. 井底之蛙答案：1. C答案解析：这一题属于细节题。题目问的是青蛙的住处，扫描原文，找到相应的描述为：“There is a frog. He lives in a well.”所以答案是 well, 井。2. B答案解析：这一题属于细节加推理题。题目问的是青蛙眼里天空的大小，扫描原文，定位到：“ He thinks the sky is as big as the mouth of the well.”asas（跟一样） ，跟井口一样大小，根据常识推理，井口很小，

20、那青蛙眼中的天空自然也小，所以选 very small.3. B答案解析：这一题也是细节题，问乌鸦来自何方。扫描原文，定位到：“I fly from the sky.”由此可知，乌鸦从天上飞来，而不是从井里来。表示来自有两10种说法，包括 be from 和 come from some places. 所以正确答案应该是The crow doesnt come froma well. 或者 The crow isnt from a well.4. A答案解析：这一题是推理题。题目问青蛙出井之后惊讶的原因。首先，小朋友们需要找到原文中提到青蛙惊讶的地方，即：“So the frogcomes

21、out from the well. He is very surprised.”接着后一句则是推理的提示：“How big the world is!”（青蛙的感叹：这个世界真大啊！）由这个感叹句，我们可以推断，青蛙之前从未想到过世界这么大，所以感到惊讶。5. C答案解析：这一题属于主旨大意题中的标题选择。做这种题，小朋友们首先需要理解这篇文章的中心思想。细读原文，我们可以知道，文章主要讲一只在井底生活的青蛙，一开始以为天空只有井口大小，后来在乌鸦的劝说下，爬出了井，发现世界很大的故事。所以文章的主角是青蛙，排除 A（范围太大）；而故事发生的地方井也是一个关键因素。正是因为青蛙在井里，才会有错误认识，爬出井后，青蛙才看到了真正的天空。B 答案没有提到井，所以也排除了，正确答案为 C。【补充】标题选择题的原则选帽原则小朋友们，当你们选择帽子的时候，觉得什么才是最重要的呢？相信大部分的小朋友都会说大小。对啦，只有大小合适，帽子才戴得进去呀。同样的，选择文章标题的时候，也要大小合适哦，一方面，标题要能概括全文的中心思想，另一方面，又不能范围太大，否则就没有针对性了。另外，大小合适的帽