基础医学英语词汇.doc

1、1常见医学单词：BSL Blood Sugar Level 血糖水平 anti-coagulation 抗凝CHF Congestive Heart Failure 充血性心力衰竭 constrict / constriction 收缩 RBC Red Blood Cell dilate / dilation 舒张 WBC White Blood Cell negative 阴性Platelet 血小板 positive 阳性Plasma/serum 血浆 myocardium 心肌Consciousness 意识 coronary artery 冠状动脉Hypoxia 缺氧 ventricl

2、e 心室Osmotic pressure 渗透压 atrium 心房Colloid Osmotic pressure 胶体渗透压 blood supply 血供Spinal column 脊柱 BT bleeding time 出血时间Acidosis 酸中毒 Alkalosis 碱中毒 CT clotting time 凝血时间Pulmonary edema 肺水肿 water-soluble 水溶性nerve 神经 fat-soluble 脂溶性Oxygen 氧气 pulmonary arterial / vein 肺动/静脉Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 elastic 有弹性的

3、Stomach 胃 tissue 组织Gastric contents 胃内容物 aorta 主动脉Risk factor 危险因素 exchange 交换Flushed skin 皮肤发红 gallbladder 胆囊Pallor 苍白 lung 肺2Dizziness 头晕 kidney 肾Nausea 恶心 cardiac output 心输出量Vomit 呕吐 peripheral resistance 外周阻力Seizure 惊厥 systolic blood pressure 收缩压Enema 灌肠 diastolic blood pressure 舒张压Electrolyte 电

4、解质 normal range 正常范围Fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水电解质紊乱 capillary 毛细血管BUN blood urea nitrogen 血尿素氮 circulatory system 循环系统Blood gas 血气 release 释放Hormone 激素 superficial 表浅的Protein 蛋白质 blood volume 血容量Albumin 白蛋白 bradycardia 心动过缓Glucose 葡萄糖 tachycardia 心动过速Hemoglobin 血红蛋白 valve 瓣膜Sternum 胸骨 forearm

5、 前臂Rib 肋骨 breast 胸部，乳房Liver 肝 armpit 腋窝Spleen 脾 groin 腹股沟Pancreas 胰腺 prevent 预防Iron 鉄 bloodstream 血流Calcium 钙 fiber 纤维Magnesium 镁 acute 急性的3Sodium 钠 diarrhea 腹泻Potassium 钾 Antibody-antigen complex 抗原抗体复合物Bone marrow 骨髓 myocardial infarctionTransplant 移植 low-grade fever 低热Blurred vision 视力模糊 chill 寒战

6、Spontaneous 自主的 urticaria 风疹Dysrhythmia 心律不齐 inhibitor 抑制剂GI irritation 胃肠刺激 inflammation 炎症Intake and output 出入量 angioplasty 血管扩张术Hypokalemia 低血钾 normal saline 生理盐水Hyperkalemia 高血钾 circulatory overload 循环负担过重Hypotension 低血压 shortness of breath 气短Hypertension 高血压 restless 烦躁不安Antihypertensive 抗高血压药

7、rapid and thready pulse 脉搏细速Headache 头痛 orthopnea 端坐呼吸Urinary retention 尿储留 pallor/ cyanosis 苍白Angina pectoris 心绞痛 chest pain central venous pressure 中心静脉压Sublingual 舌下的 Fowlers position 端座卧位Oral 口服的 Semi- Fowlers position 半座卧位Topical 局部的 dyspnea 呼吸困难Calcium channel blocker 钙离子通道阻滞剂 diuretics 利尿剂Muc

8、osa 粘膜 impaired 受损的4Orthostatic hypotension 体位性低血压 pink and frothy sputum 粉红色泡沫样痰Hypoglycemia 低血糖 yellow sputum 黄痰Hyperglycemia 高血糖 blood-streaked sputum 血丝痰Hypovolemia 低血容量 mucoid sputum 黏液痰Hypervolemia 高血容量 breathing pattern 呼吸模式Preload and afterload （心脏的）前后负荷 sterile 无菌的Dehydration 脱水 container 容

9、器Uric acid 尿酸 cool clammy skin 皮肤湿冷Sign 体征 preventive 预防性的Symptom 症状 bronchitis 支气管炎Symptom free/ asymptomatic 无症状 pneumonia 肺炎Monitor 监测 concentration 浓度Constipation 便秘 barrel chest 桶状胸Skin rash 皮疹 distended neck vein 颈静脉怒张Heparin 肝素 external irritant 外界刺激物Warfarin 华法林 endocrine system 内分泌系统Hemorrh

10、age 大出血 insulin 胰岛素Therapy 疗法 absorption 吸收Alcohol 酒精 reabsorption 再吸收Anemia 贫血 shock 休克Folic acid 叶酸 trauma 外伤Allergic reaction 过敏反应 complication 并发症5Bile 胆汁 compensatory 代偿的Bile acid 胆汁酸Cholesterol 胆固醇Obesity 肥胖症Stuffy nose 鼻塞collect sputum and blood specimen for culture and sensitivity tests 收集痰血

11、标本做细菌培养和药敏COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢性阻塞性肺疾病DM Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Gestational diabetes 妊娠糖尿病Ketone body 酮体Ketoacidosis 酮症酸中毒Insulin resistant 胰岛素耐受Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Mechanism 机制，机理IDDM (Type 1) insulin-dependant diabetes mellitue 胰岛素依赖性糖尿病NIDDM (Type 2) non-insulin-dependant diabe

12、tes mellitue 非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病Glucose Tolerance Test 糖耐量试验Oral anti-diabetic medications 口服降糖药PVD peripheral vascular disease 外周血管病Arterioatherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化CAD coronary artery disease 冠心病CVD cerebral vascular disease 脑血管病Polyuria 多尿Ulcer 溃疡Gangrene 坏疽Fatigue 疲乏Blurred vision 视力模糊Fasting blood sugar 空腹血

13、糖2-hour post-prandial glucose 餐后两小时血糖Hemoglobin 血红蛋白Metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒Respiratory acidosis 呼吸性酸中毒Ketonuria 酮尿 Sweet breath odor 烂苹果味呼吸Mental confusion 精神错乱Slurred speech 说话含糊不清Wound healing 伤口愈合Renal function 肾功能Renal failure 肾衰Uremia 尿毒症Creatinine 肌酐Urea 尿素6Internal 内部的External 外部的Itching 痒B

14、UN blood urea nitrogen 血尿素氮Carbon dioxide combining power 二氧化碳结合力Urine gravity 尿比重Bleeding tendency 出血倾向Injury 外伤Patency 开放，通畅Bed sore 褥疮Skin care 皮肤护理Paraplegia 截瘫Pacemaker 起搏器Elevate 抬高Pitting edema 凹陷型水肿Sodium-restricted diet 限钠饮食Interstitial space 组织间隙Extremity 四肢，肢端Deficiency 缺乏，不足Blood transfu

15、sion 输血GI irritation 胃肠刺激Pleural space 胸膜腔Fluctuate 波动Kink 弯曲，折住Water-seal chamber 水封瓶Subcutaneous emphysema 皮下气肿Airtight 密封的Sharp pain 锐痛Dull pain 钝痛Burning pain 灼痛Radiating pain 放射痛各科室名称：medical department; department of internal medicine: 内科 surgical department; department of surgery: 外科 departme

16、nt of obstetrics and gynecology : 妇产科 ophtalmology department: 眼科 dental department: 牙科 ENT(ear-nose-throat)department: 耳鼻喉科 urology department: 泌尿科 dermatology department; skin department: 皮肤科 orthopedic surgery department: 矫形外科 traumatology department: 创伤外科 7plastic surgery: 整形外科 anesthesiology de

17、partment: 麻醉科 pathology department: 病理科 cardiology department: 心脏病科 psychiatry department: 精神病科 orthopedics department: 骨科 department of cardiac surgery: 心脏外科 department of cerebral surgery: 胸外科 neurology department: 神经科 neurosurgery department: 神经外科 thoracic surgery department: 脑外科 department of tr

18、aditional Chinese medicine: 中医科 registration office: 挂号处 out-patient department: 门诊部 in-patient department: 住院部 nursing department: 护理部 consulting room: 诊室 waiting room: 候诊室 emergency room: 急诊室 admitting office: 住院处 operation room: 手术室 X-ray department: 放射科 blood bank: 血库 dispensary; pharmacy: 药房 wa

19、rd: 病房 laboratory: 化验室牤 Department of Nephrology 肾内科 Department of Chemotherapy 化疗科 Department of Radiotherapy 放疗科 Department of Endocrinology 内分泌科 Respiratory medicine 呼吸科 Rheumatology 风湿科 Hematology 血液科 Geriatrics 老年科 Neurology 神经科 Oncology 肿瘤科 Thoracic surgery 胸外科 Urology 泌尿外科 Neurosurgery 神经外科 V

20、ascular surgery 周围血管外科 Gastroenterology 肠胃外科 Hepatobiliary surgery 肝胆外科 General surgery 普外科 Orthopedics 骨科 8Cardiovascular surgery 心外科 Burns surgery 烧伤科 Hand surgery 手外科 Plastic surgery 整形外科 Pediatric surgery 儿外科 Obstetrics and gynecology 妇产科 Stomatology 口腔科 Ophthalmology 眼科 Infectious disease 感染科 D

21、ermatology 皮肤科 Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) 耳鼻喉科 Nuclear medicine 核医学科 Psychiatry 精神科 Medical rehabilitation 康复科 Anesthesiology 麻醉科 Radiology 放射科 Ultrasonography 超声科 Pain management 疼痛科 Pharmacology 药理科 Internal Medicine 内科9常见护理英语 80 句一Receiving the patient（接待病人） 1.How do you do? / Good morning! 您好！（初次

22、见面时使用）/早上好！ 2. What can I do for you? /Can I help you? 您需要我帮助吗？ 3Ill bring you to your bedside, please follow me. This is your bed. 我要领您到床边去.请跟我来.这是您的床位. 4.The toilet is over there. 卫生间在那边 5.We supply hot water. 我们供应热水 6.Please wait a moment. Ill let your doctor know. / Ill inform your doctor. 请等一会儿

23、,我去通知医生. 7.Mary is the nurse /doctor in charge of you.玛丽是您的负责护士/医生 8. Please let us know if you need any help. 您需要帮助时，请告诉我们. 9. Smoking is not allowed here. 这里不允许吸烟 二.information collection (收集信息 ) 10.Do you mind if I ask you a few questions? 您介意我问您几个问题吗 ? 11. We need some information from you. 我们需要

24、从您这儿收集一些信息. 12. Is your tummy still sore? 您的肚子还疼吗? 13. Does your pain come on after or before meals? 您的疼痛是在饭前还是饭后发作？ 14. Does it hurt to pass urine? /when I press here? 排尿时痛吗？/ 当我按压这儿时痛吗？ 15. Does your back ache? 您的后背痛吗？ 16.Do your feet swell? 您的脚肿了吗？ 17. Do you have a cough/fever? 您咳嗽吗？/ 您有发热吗？ 18.

25、 Do you bring up any sputum? 您咳痰吗？ 19. Is there any radiation of the pain? (to the shoulder)有放射（到肩部的）痛吗？ 20. How long have you had the pain? 您的痛有多长时间了？ 21. When did the pain start? /where is your pain? 疼痛从什么时候开始的/什么地方疼痛？ 22. Are your periods regular? 您的月经规则吗？ 三Physical examination（查体） 23.Will you pl

26、ease undress for medical examination? 请您脱下衣服做体检好吗？ 24. Take off your clothes, please. 请把衣服脱下来 25.Lie down on the couch, please. /Just lie still on the couch and relax. 请躺在治疗床上./ 请安静地躺在治疗床上 ,放松. 26.Bend your knees, please. 请屈膝 . 27.Open your mouth and say ah“ 张开口, 说: 啊 28.Beathe deeply, please./take

27、a deep breath, please.请深呼吸 29.May I examine your tummy, please? 我要检查下您的肚子 , 好吗? 30.Roll up your sleeves, please. 请卷起袖子. 四Communication. (交流) 31.I am going to take your temperature./Please put the thermometer under your armpit. 10我要测一下您的体温/请把体温计放在您的腋下 . 32.Let me feel your pulse.让我测一下您的脉搏. 33. Ill te

28、st/take your blood pressure. 我要测量您的血压. 34. Im afraid I have to prick your finger and take a drop of blood for blood sugar level. 我要取一滴指血做血糖测定, 需要刺一下手指. 35. Ill take some blood from your arm now. 现在我要从您的胳膊抽血. 36. Dont take any thing by mouth after midnight until the blood is drawn tomorrow morning. 半

29、夜之后不要吃喝任何东西，明天早上抽血. 37. Please bring a specimen of your urine/stool/sputum./ please collect your mid-stream specimen of urine. 请留一份尿/便/痰的标本/请收集您的中段尿. 38. Please have your blood and urine tests done. 请做一下您的血和尿试验. 39. You are going to have a CT-scan of your chest/head today. 今天您要做一个胸部/头部 CT. 40. You a

30、re going to have a chest X-ray this morning. 今天早上您要拍一个胸片 . 41. You are going to have a B-mode ultrasonic exam. Please keep your bladder full. 您要做 B 超检查,请留尿,使膀胱充盈 . 42. You are going to have an gastric endoscopy tomorrow morning. Please dont eat or drink anything after 12 oclock tonight. 明天上午您要做胃镜检查，

31、今晚 12 点之后，请不要吃喝任何东西。 43. You are going to have urine catheterization now. 现在您需要导尿 . 44. Im going to do an ECG for you. 我要给您做心电图. 45. Im going to put a gastric tube into your stomach, this is for gastrointestinal decompression. 我要放胃管到您的胃内，这是胃肠减压. We can feed you the necessary nutrients through the tu

32、be. Please swallow the tube as I put it down.我们通过胃管给您必要的营养 .当我放管时,请做吞咽动作. 46. Im going to make your bed. / well change the bed linen at once.我要给您整理床铺/我们马上给您换床单. 47.Ill apply a cold(hot) compress to your ankle.我要给您的踝部冷/热敷 48.An operation will be done tomorrow/ an emergency operation must be done now.

33、 Will you please sign to give your permission for your operation? 明天将做手术/现在马上做急诊手术. 同意手术请您签字好吗？ 49. Im going to shave your skin. / Im going to do skin preparation for you. 我要给您做备皮/我要给您做皮肤准备。 50. Youre going to have a local/general/epidural anesthesia. 要给您做局麻/全身麻醉/ 硬膜外麻醉. 51. Are you allergic to any

34、medication?/ penicillin?您对什么药物/青霉素过敏吗? 52. Im going to do a skin test of penicillin for you./ If you feel itchy or short of breath, please let me know at once. Ill see the result in fifteen minutes. /Im going to do a tetanus hypersensitive test for you. 我要给您做青霉素皮试. 如果您感到痒或气短,请立刻告诉我./我十五分钟后看结果./我要给您做破伤风皮试 . 53. Im going to give you an intramuscular injection./intravenous infusion/hypodermic injection. 我要给您做肌肉/静脉/皮内注射 54.Im going to give you an enema to help you pass motion.我要给您灌肠 , 帮助您排便