大体解剖学要求掌握的专业英语词汇(含翻译).doc

1、大体解剖要求掌握的专业英语词汇一、绪论、运动系总论能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：gross rus anatomyntmi大体解剖; neuroanatomy njuruldikl神经; the head 头部, neck 颈部, upper limbslim上肢, lower limbslim下肢, thorax 胸部 , abdomenbdmn腹部, pelvispelvis骨盆, perineum 会阴, back and vertebral v:tibrit regionri:dn背部和脊柱区; locomotor system 运动系统; alimentary system 消化系统

2、; respiratory system 呼吸系统; urinary jurineit system 泌尿系统; reproductive system生殖系统; endocrine system 内分泌系统; circulatory system循环系统; nervous system中枢神经系统; sense organs 感觉器官; vertical axis 纵轴; horizontal plane水平面; superior 上/inferior 下; cranial 颅/caudal 尾; anterior 前/posterior 后; ventral 腹侧/dorsal 侧; me

3、dial 内侧/lateral 外侧; internal 内/external 外; superficial 浅/profundal深 ; proximal 近端 /distal 远端; ulnar 尺侧/radial 桡侧; tibial 胫侧/fibular 腓侧；bones 骨; joints关节; skeletal muscle骨骼肌; process 进程; spine脊柱; eminence 隆起; tuberosity 粗隆; tubercle结节; crest 嵴; line 线; fossa 窝; fovea 凹; foveola; sulcus 沟; impression

4、压迹; sinus 窦; antrum胃窦; cellules ; canal 管; meatus ; aperture 孔; foramen 孔; hiatus （裂缝）; capitulum （骨小头）; condyle 髁; epicondyle髁; synovial joints滑膜关节 ; articular surface关节面/capsule 囊/cavity 腔; flexion曲 /extension 伸; adduction 收/abduction展; rotation 回旋运动; pronation 旋前/supination 旋后; inversion 内翻/evers

5、ion外翻; circumduction 环转; origin 起点; insertion止点; fascia 筋膜; retinaculum ; synovial bursa 滑膜囊/sheath 腱鞘二、内脏学、内分泌学总论能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：二、内脏学、内分泌学总论alimentary tract 消化道 oral cavity 口腔 ; pharynx 咽 ; esophagus 食管; stomach 胃; duodenum十二指肠; jejunum 空肠; vermiforml 阑尾ileum 回肠; cecum 盲肠; ascending colon升结肠 transv

6、erse colon 横结肠 descending colon降结肠 sigmoid colon 乙状结肠; rectum 直肠; anal canal肛管 ; digestive glands 消化腺; salivary glands 唾液腺; parotid gland 腮腺 ; submandibular gland 颌下腺; sublingual gland 舌下腺; liver 肝脏; pancreas 胰腺; respiratory tract 呼吸道; nose 鼻子; pharynx 咽; larynx 喉; trachea 气管; principal bronchi 主支气管

7、; lungs肺; kidney 肾; ureter 输尿管; urinary bladder 膀胱; urethra 尿道; testis 睾丸; ductus deferens输精管; ejaculatory duct 射精管; prostate 前列腺; seminal vesicle 精囊; bulbourethral gland 尿道球腺; penis 阴茎; scrotum 阴囊; ovary 卵巢; uterine tube 输卵管; uterus 子宫; vagina 阴道; pituitary gland 垂体; pineal body 松果体; thyroid gland

8、甲状腺; adrenal gland 肾上腺三、脉管学、感觉器、神经系统总论能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇： cardiovascular system 心血管系统; heart 心脏; artery 动脉; vein 静脉; capillary 毛细血管; systemic circulation 体循环; pulmonary circulation 肺循环; lymphatic system 淋巴系统; lymphatic capillary /vessel /trunk /duct 毛细淋巴管/淋巴管/ 淋巴干/淋巴导管; tonsil 扁桃体; lymph node 淋巴结; thymu

9、s 胸腺; spleen 脾; central nervous system 中枢神经系统; spinal cord 脊髓; brain 大脑; peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统; spinal nerve 脊神经; cervical nerve 颈神经 ; thoracic nerve 胸神经; lumbar nerve 腰神经; sacral nerve 骶神经; coccygeal nerve 尾骨神经 ; cranial nerve 脑神经; olfactory nerve嗅神经; optic nerve 视神经; oculomotor nerve 动眼

10、神经; trochlear nerve 滑车神经; trigeminal nerve 三叉神经; abducent nerve 展神经 ; facial nerve 面神经; vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭蜗神经; glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经; vagus nerve 迷走神经; accessory nerve 副神经; hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经; somatic nerve 躯体神经; visceral nerve 内脏神经; sympathetic /parasympathetic nerve 交/副交感神经; visu

11、al apparatus 视觉器官; vestibulocochlear organ 前庭蜗器四、下肢（一）下肢骨及其连结 1 hip bone 髋骨 2 iliac crest 髂嵴 3 anterior superior iliac spine 髂前上棘4 ischial spine 坐骨棘 5 ischial tuberosity 坐骨结节 6 pubic tubercle 趾骨结节7 acetabulum 髋臼 8 femur 股骨 9 femoral head 股骨头10 greater trochanter 大转子 11 medial /lateral condyle内/外侧踝 1

12、2 patella 髌骨13 tibia 胫骨 14tibial tuberosity 胫骨粗隆15 medial/lateral malleolus 内侧/外踝 16 fibula 腓骨 17 tarsal bones 跗骨 18 pubic symphysis 耻骨联合 19 obturator canal 闭孔频道 20 pelvis 骨盆 21 hip joint髋关节 22 knee joint 膝关节 23 patellar ligament 髌韧带 24 fibular/tibial collateral ligament 腓骨/胫骨韧带 25 anterior /posteri

13、or cruciate ligament 前 /后交叉韧带26 medial/lateral meniscus 内侧/外侧半月板 27 ankle joint 踝关节 28 greater sciatic foramen 更大坐骨神经孔29 lesser sciatic foramen 较低坐骨神经孔 30 terminal line 终端线（二）下肢前面浅层和股前内侧区能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：great/small saphenous vein 大/小隐静脉uperficial inguinal lymph nodes 浅腹股沟淋巴结; lateral femoral cutaneou

14、s nerve 股外侧皮神经; saphenous nerve 隐神经; fascia lata 阔筋膜; quadriceps femoris股四头肌; iliopsoas 髂; adductor brevis 短收肌; adductor hiatus收肌腱裂孔； iliotibial tract 髂胫束；lacuna musculorum 肌腔隙 lacuna vasorum血管腔隙； femoral sheath 股鞘femoral canal 股管 ； femoral triangle 股三角； adductor canal 收肌管 三）小腿前外侧区和足背能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：

15、retinaculum 韧带; anterior tibial artery 胫前动脉; deep/superficial peroneal nerve深/腓浅神经 ; dorsal artery of foot 背动脉足; common peroneal nerve 腓总神经;（四）下肢后面浅层，臀区和股后区能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：sural nerve 腓肠神经; gluteus maximus 臀大肌 ; piriformis 梨状肌; suprapiriform /infrapiriform foramen ; superior /inferior gluteal artery

16、/nerve 臀上 /臀下动脉/ 神经; sciatic nerve 坐骨神经; pudendal nerve 阴部神经; internal pudendal artery 内部阴部动脉; hamstring muscle 腿筋肌肉（五）腘窝和小腿后区能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：tibial nerve 胫神经; popliteal artery 腘动脉; triceps surae 小腿三头; gastrocnemius腓肠肌; soleus 比目鱼肌; posterior tibial artery 胫后动脉; tibialis anterior 胫前; flexor digitorum

17、 longus 屈指长肌; flexor hallucis longus 屈拇长肌；popliteal fossa 腘窝；malleolar canal 踝管. 六、上肢（一）上肢骨及其连结1 clavicle 锁骨 2 scapula 肩胛骨 3 acromion 肩峰 4 coracoid process 喙突 5 scapular notch 肩胛切迹6 humerus 肱骨 7 greater tubercle 更大结节 8 radius 半径 9 radial tuberosity 径向结节 10 ulna 尺骨 11 carpal bones 腕骨12 scaphoid bone

18、手舟骨 13 pisiform bone 豌豆骨 14 shoulder joint肩关节15 elbow joint肘关节 16 humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节 17 humeroradial joint 肱桡关节 18 proximal radioulnar joint桡尺近侧关节19 wrist joint 腕关节 20 coracoacromial arch 喙拱21 anatomical neck and surgical neck解剖颈部和外科颈（二）臂、前臂前面浅层，胸前外侧区和腋窝能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：breast 乳房; pectoralis major

19、 胸大肌; axillary 腋静脉; thoracoacromial artery 胸肩峰动脉; lateral thoracic artery 胸外侧动脉; subscapular artery 肩胛下动脉; posterior humeral circumflex artery 旋肱后动脉; brachial plexus 臂丛；media l/lateral pectoral nerve 胸内侧神经; musculocutaneous mskjlkjutens nerve 肌皮神经; median nerve 正中神经; radial nerve 桡神经; ulnar nerve 尺神

20、经; cephalic vein 头静脉; basilic vein 贵要静脉; median cubital vein 肘正中静脉；suspensory ligament of breast /Coopers ligament 乳房悬韧带；clavipectoral fascia 锁胸筋膜；axillary fossa 腋窝；axillary sheath 腋鞘.（三）臂前区，肘窝和前臂前区 biceps brachii 肱二头肌; brachial artery 肱动脉; radial artery 桡动脉; ulnar artery 尺动脉; brachioradialis 肱桡肌; p

21、ronator teres 旋前圆肌；cubital fossa 肘窝. （四）手掌palmar aponeurosis 掌腱膜; superficial /deep palmar arch 肤浅/ 掌深弓; thenar space 鱼际空隙; middle palmar space 掌中间隙； carpal canal. 腕管（五）背部浅层和肩胛区trapezius ; latissimus dorsi 掌腱膜; deltoid 三角肌; accessory nerve 副神经；trilateral foramen三边空 quadrilateral foramen 四边孔 musculotendinous cuff 肌腱袖（六）臂、前臂后区和手背triceps brachii i 肱三头肌； radial nerve 桡神经； snuff box. 鼻烟窝