大学思辨英语精读备课Unit-1.docx

1、Unit 1 Trust and CharacterText A Do You Like It Here? (The story was published in 1939)Words and phrases expected of students to understandphooey: int. (informal): used to express disgust or contempteyeshade: a visor worn on heard for protection against glareen suite: adj. adv. in or as a part of a

2、setmake rounds of: to go from place to place (for inspection)bawl out (at sb)swing around: turn around (as if on a hinge or pivot)torture tactics: proceed: go onhalt: stop or pausethrow in: to insert or introduce into the course of somethinggratuitously：free of charge; (unnecessarily, without appare

3、nt reason)certified public accountant (CPA)peripatetic: walking or travelling abouton account of: because of, for the sake ofimposing: very impressivein some small measureabiding: lasting for a long time, enduringinstitute (a search)(turn)yellow: (slang) cowardlygivesb ones word of honor: solemn pro

4、mise, a verbal commitment agreeing to do or not to do sth. in the futurePreparatory Work1. John OHara (1905-1970),a keen observer of social status and class differences, and wrote frequently about the socially ambitious. His father died at that time, leaving him unable to afford Yale, the college of

5、 his choice. By all accounts, this disappointment affected OHara deeply for the rest of his life and served to hone the keen sense of social awareness that characterizes his work. He worked as a reporter for various newspapers. He garnered much critical acclaim for his short stories, more than 200 o

6、f which, beginning in 1928, appeared in The New Yorker.In 1934, OHara published his first novel, Appointment in Samarra, which was acclaimed on publication. This is the OHara novel that is most consistently praised by critics. Ernest Hemingway wrote: “If you want to read a book by a man who knows ex

7、actly what he is writing about and has written it marvelously well, read Appointment in Samarra.“ Harold Bloom named it to the Western canon. On the other hand, writing in the Atlantic Monthly of March 2000, critic Benjamin Schwarz and writer Christina Schwarz claimed: “So widespread is the literary

8、 worlds scorn for John OHara that the inclusion . of Appointment in Samarra on the Modern Librarys list of the 100 best English-language novels of the twentieth century was used to ridicule the entire project.“The epitaph on his tombstone, which he wrote himself, reads: “Better than anyone else, he

9、told the truth about his time. He was a professional. He wrote honestly and well.“ Of this, Gill commented: “From the far side of the grave, he remains self-defensive and overbearing. Better than anyone else? Not merely better than any other writer of fiction but better than any dramatist, any poet,

10、 any biographer, any historian? It is an astonishing claim.“ (extracted from Wikipedia)John OHara2.A conversational style and dispassionate voice. 3.Psychological bullying is often difficult to ignore. Bullies torment their victims in many ways. Tormenting them is not enough, they have to humiliate

11、them and ridicule their victims as well. Bullies use words to destroy their victims, and these words can hurt worse than a physical blow. People often say, “Sticks and stones may hurt my bones, but words will never hurt”. In todays society, this phrase is simply not true. Words do hurt, and they do

12、destroy lives. Psychological bullying destroys the character of their victim. The bully makes the victim the center of his abuse. In other words, the bully takes his or her anger and frustration out on the victim.4. The Phi Beta Kappa key is one of this nations most distinctive symbols and, in fact,

13、 traces its origins to the era of the American Revolution. Conceived in 1776 by a group of talented undergraduates at the College of William and Mary as an emblem of their secret “philosophical society,“ the key proclaims Phi Beta Kappas centuries-old conviction that “The love of wisdom (is) the gui

14、de of Life.“ As the Society they created encompassed more of the nations finest colleges and universities, its key became a universally recognized mark of academic achievement in the liberal arts and sciences.KEYSthe third degree: a situation in which someone tries to find out information by asking

15、you a lot of questions eg. If Im even half an hour late she gives me the third degree.I got the third degree from my dad when I got in last night.give(someone) the lowdown on (something): To provide someone with specific or comprehensive details about someone, something, or some situation. eg. Give

16、me the lowdown on what the boss is planning to do about the companys falling profits.Im waiting for my brother to give me the lowdown on Geoffrey before I go on a date with him.Theres been a shakeup in the companys upper management, but we wont know how were affected until the boss gives us the lowd

17、own.West Point: A US military installation in southeast New York on the western bank of the Hudson River north of New York City. It has been a military post since 1778 and the seat of the US Military Academy since 1802.Second Form: an English term for an equivalent of the 7th or 8th grade in America

18、n schools. (also see sixth form: the term refers to the final two years of secondary education in the education system of England and other commonwealth countries)day school:as opposed to a boarding school, it is an institution where children (or high-school age adolescents) are given educational in

19、struction during the day, after which children return to their homes.boarding school:a school where some or all people study and live during the school year with their fellow students and possibly teachers and/or administrators. The word boarding is used in the sense of “bed and board,“ i.e., lodgin

20、g and meals. Many independent (private) schools in the Commonwealth of Nations are boarding schools. Boarding school pupils (a.k.a. “boarders“) normally return home during the school holidays and, often, weekends, but in some cultures may spend the majority of their childhood and adolescent life awa

21、y from their families. In the United States, boarding schools comprise various grades, most commonly grades seven or nine through grade twelve - the high school years. I Understanding the text1. Questions(1) a boarding school/prep (dormitory, a stepping stone to higher education)(2) Mentioned four t

22、imes. First at the beginning. The dorm door had to be kept open during study period so that there was no knock (apparent reason and a convenient excuse. But in another sense, a suggestion of no privacy, convenient for Van Ness to look in (introduce the idea of “panopticon”). Then theres the mention

23、of Van Nesss half-open door. His privilege, authority (needs to knock before being permitted to go in). After Roberts went in, he was ordered to close the door, an indication of Van Nesss authority. Also a closed space might have some psychological impact on Robertsgetting him trapped. Finally at th

24、e end of the story. Roberts not sure whether to leave it open or to close it but decided to leave it open. The door symbolizes Van Nesss power or authority. The act of Robertss leaving it open might be an indication of his attempt to challenge the authority, even though feebly.(3) Not really. He hat

25、ed Hughes. Wearing eye-shade during study time. Van Ness making rounds of the rooms, meting out punishments.(4)manipulative, sadistic, self-important, pompous, sarcastic2. True or false(1)F(2)T(3)T(4)F(5)T3. Multiple choices(1) B (2) D(3) B(4) DII Critiquing the text(1)Robertss parents divorced when

26、 he was ten, moved a lot,had to go to many schools, unpleasant experiences, lonely and without a sense of belongingVan Ness saw the boy as susceptible to moral corruption (dishonest, sneaky, unruly)(2) Self-important/smug, overbearing/sadistic, ,show-rather-than-telltechnique(3)Not easy for Roberts

27、to detect Van Nesss intentions, Van Ness using torture tactics, effective to some extent, making Roberts upset, baffled, and frustrated（4）By this time he had guessed what it was all about. Hewas relieved because he had a clear conscience. He didnt have to lie when confronted with the question about

28、the watch. Previously he probably did have to lie when saying he liked it here.（5）Van Ness was convinced that Roberts was the thief and expected that he would certainly deny his stealing the watch. He would think Roberts would be devastated by his interrogation and that was exactly what he wanted. H

29、e had everything under control. （6）The “bastard” could refer to Van Ness or Hughes. Roberts was angry at first, then he knew it was no use fighting back as he had learned it from his previous experiences. Things always ended like this. （7）The title: colloquial, dramatic. Turns out to be a malicious

30、question.（8）Roberts point of view. If it were the first-person narration, the tone would be angry, it would be more about clearing the name, a case of being wronged.From Van Nesss point of view, it would be about how he ran the school and how he would teach Roberts a moral lesson.Language Enhancemen

31、tI Words and phrases1. (1) occupation(2) occupant (3) preoccupy(4) contempt(5) contemptible(6) contempt2. “peri-” :enclosing, encircling, or aroundperipheral; perinatal(relating to the period around childbirth); perimeter;periodic; periphrastic“-tic”: pertaining totherapeutic; static; paralytic; dra

32、matic; pathetic3. (1) institute(2) urge(3)transfer (4) institute(5)transferred (6) urging4. (1) innate(2) intrinsic(3) inherent (4) scheme(5) tactic (6) strategy5. (1) in some measure(2) on account of(3) at any rate(4) all right (adv. meaning without doubt)(5) thrown in(6) go with (7) bawl out (8) t

33、hrow inII Sentences and rhetoric1. Paraphrase（1） Well, tell me about your life before you decided to do us the honor of having you as a student here. （2） Dont be too modest to suppress your desire to tell the good stuff about yourself.（3） Chicago, Illinois! Well, a bit of geographical knowledge for

34、my benefit, right, Roberts? And free of charge.（4） But I swear, however difficult it is Im going to find out who the thief is. 2. Translation(1)如果他在什么事情上要训斥你，无关紧要的事情，他会查看他带在身边的一张单子，然后他会到你房间里把你训斥一通，并告诉你会有什么相应的惩罚。(2)既然你这么见多识广，在教育问题上你自然也是权威了。我想对于现代教育体制中固有的利弊，你一定是有很多理论的。(3)转椅随着范内斯的身体前倾而回落，他的肚子紧紧地抵着办公桌，一

35、条胳膊在桌上伸直了杵过来，手上握成个拳头。(4) Things got so bad that the boss bawled him out.(5) Only black can go with Mrs. Smiths elegant style.(6)He claimed to be an authority on international law, but failed to figure out even the basic facts of this case.(7)The door swung open and there appeared a familiar figure.(

36、8)It must be acknowledged that their success is in a great measure due to their unwearied/unyielding/persevering efforts.3. Rhetoric(1)Van Ness: condescending/arrogant and intimidating (You can sit down; Proceed; Answer me!;There is no room for a thief; I said you may go!), ironic(honor us autobiogr

37、aphical urge; a very imposing list; With your vast experience, naturally you would be quite an authority on matters educational. I suppose you have many theories as to the strength and weaknesses inherent in the modern educational system), playing cat and mouse (torture tactics, asking questions that leave Roberts baffled and upset), smug(the speech about his commitment)Roberts: upset, trying to figure out what it is all about, reticent and cautious(2) Verbal irony (examples as above), dramatic irony (the speech about his commitment) Intercultural ReflectionOpen questions for discussion.