英语比较级和最高级.doc

1、1一、比较级和最高级的讲解变化规则1一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow 结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est；（1）单音节词如：smallsmallersmallestshortshortershortest talltallertallest greatgreatergreatest（2）双音节词如：clevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest 2以不发音 e 结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；如：largelargerlargest nicenicernicest ableablerables

2、t3在重读闭音节（即：辅音元音辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：bigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest fatfatterfattest4以“辅音字母y” 结尾的双音节词， 把 y 改为 i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：easyeasiereasiest heavyheavierheaviest busybusierbusiest happyhappierhappiest5其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加 more，最高级在前面加 most；如：beautifulmore beautifulmost beautif

3、uldifferentmore differentmost different easilymore easilymost easily注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. （2） 形容词 most 前面没有 the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常“。 2It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 6有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。如：goodbet

4、terbest wellbetterbestbadworseworst illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldest many/muchmoremost littlelessleast far further/farther furthest/farthest一、写出下列形容词和副词的比较级形式。1. long _ _ 2.tidy_ _ _ 3.hot _ _4. large_ _ 5.thin_ _ 6.good_ _7. bad _ _ 8.little_ _ 9.sincere_ _10.much_ _11.early_ _ 12.fast _ _1

5、3.hard _ _14.difficult_ _15.badly_ _16.far_ _17.carefully_ _18.instructive_ _19.easily_ _20.often_ _二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A 比 B 更”。如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。 注意： 在含有连词 than 的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。 在比较级前面使用 much，表示程度程度“强得多” 。如：A watermelon is

6、 much bigger than an apple. very, quite 一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。 32“比较级 + and + 比较级” 或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越”如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。Our school is becoming more and more beauti

7、ful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。3在含有 or 的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim 还是 Tom?4. “the +比较级, the+ 比较级”，表示“越越”。The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。The sooner，the better. 越快越好。5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：. A is times the size /height/length/width of B. 如：The new building is

8、three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高). A is times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍 ). A is times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。46.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人

9、或事物的比较，表示“最”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class 等等。如：He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。He likes English best of all the subjects在所有学科中，他最喜欢英语。7.“否定词语+比较级“，“ 否定词语+ so as“结构表示最高级含义。 Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing.8. 比较级与最高级的转换：

10、Mike is the most intelligent in his class. =Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class9.修饰比较级和最高级的词1）可修饰比较级的词.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even 等。 . 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。 . 以上词(除 by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括

11、在比较范围内。 (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2)下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much, mostly, almost。 This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意： a. very 可修饰最高级，但位置与 much 不同。 This is the very best. 5This is much the best. b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the se

12、cond largest continent. 10.要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is cleverer than his brother. 11.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other country in Asia. 12.要注意对应句型，遵循前一致的原则。 The p

13、opulation of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 13.要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。 比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.

14、二、根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred. 2. Yingtian is not as _ (tall) as Yongxian. 3. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks _(fat) than before . 4.Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken? 5.- How _ (tall) is Sally? - She s 1.55 metr

15、es _ (tall). What about Xiaoling? 6- She s only 1.40 metres _(tall). She is much _(short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short) girl in the class. 6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English. 7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the wor

16、ld. 8.He is one of the_ _(friendly) people in the class, I think. 9. A dictionary is much (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ _ (beautiful) th

17、an her sister.13.My room is not as _ (big) as my brother s.14.-How difficult is physics? -I m not sure.- Is it _ (difficult) than maths? - I don t think so.15.- Annie plays the piano very _ (well).- Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _(well).16. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a

18、 week.17. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).18. I think it s too expensive. I d like a _ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much _ (early) than I. 20.This book is not as _ (interesting) as that one. 21. Your classroom is _(wide) and _(bright) than ours. 22. Practise as _ (much) as you can. 23

19、. The _ (much), the _ (good). 24. Nowadays(现在) English is _ ( important ) than any other subject. 25. Most of the students think a lion is much _ _(dangerous) than a bear and it is the _ _ (dangerous) animal in the world.26. Mr. Smith is _ man in this office. (rich)27. Winter is _ season of the year

20、s. (cold)728.This radio is not so _ as that one. (cheap)29. It is much _ today than yesterday. (hot)30. She is a little _ _ than her classmates. (careful)31. _ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)32. Which book is _, this one or that one? (easy)33. My room is _ than yours. (small)34. Ha

21、inan is _ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)35. Skating is _ _ than swimming. (exciting)36. Jim is _ _ than all the others. (honest)37. Things are getting _ and _. (bad)38. The higher you climb, the _ it will be. (cold)39. Now his life is becoming _ and _ _. (difficult)40. There are _ boys than girls in

22、 our class. (few) 8一、1. nicer / nicest 2. fatter / fattest 3. slower / slowest 4. drier / driest5. happier / happiest 6. wetter / wettest7. more / most 8. worse / worst9. less / least 10. worse / worst11. thinner / thinnest 12. farther / farthest 或 further / furthest 13. earlier / earliest 14. more

23、careful / most careful15. more exciting / most exciting 16. busier / busiest二、1. younger, taller 2. tall 3. fatter 4. heavier5. tall, tall, tall, shorter, shortest 6. bad, worse, worst7. kindest 8. friendlier 9. more expensive10. bigger, smaller 11. longest 12. more beautiful13. big 14. more difficu

24、lt 15. well, better, best16. busiest 17. fatter, fatter 18. cheaper 19. earlier20. interesting 21. wider, brighter 22. much23. more, better 24. more important 25. more dangerous, most dangerous 26 richest 27. coldest 28cheap 29hotter 30 more careful 31 More 32 easier 33smaller 34 farter further 35more exciting 36 more honest 37 worse, worse 38 colder 39 more, more difficult 40 fewer