高中英语语法-形容词副词.doc

1、形容词及副词一、形容词1.(1)作定语 Its a beautiful day today.注意：形容词修饰 something, anything, nothing 等复合不定代词时要后置。I have something important to tell you.以 a-开头的表状态的形容词（afraid, alone, awake, asleep, alive, alike, ashamed, unable, worth） 要后置。 He was the only man awake at that time.2).作表语 Dont feel sad. Tasting good, th

2、is kind of cake sells well.3).作宾补 We must keep our classroom clean.4).作状语 The boy went to school, cold and hungry.2.以 ly 结尾的形容词 friendly lovely lively silly fatherly motherly weekly daily monthly yearly deadly lonely manly timely likely3 表倍数的几种句式1)倍数+as+ 形容词原级+as.2)倍数+ 比较级+than 3)倍数+the+名词（size/leng

3、th / width / height /depth）+ of 4) The +名词 + be + .倍数 + what 从句5) The +名词 + be + .倍数 + that/ those of .Asia is four times as large as Europe.= Asia is four times larger than Europe.= Asia is four times the size of Europe.The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008. The output of this year is 3 t

4、imes what it was in 2008.4 形容词+ly 变副词的规则1）一般情况加-ly. quick-quickly brave-bravely immediate-immediately2) 以 “y”结尾的，且读音为 / i /， 先将“y”改成“i” ，再加“ly” ，如： happy-happily; heavy-heavily; angry-angrily; busy-busily easy-easily 但是如果读音为 / ai /， 直接加ly，如：dry-dryly; shy-shyly3) 以 le 结尾，去 e 加 y: simple-simply gentl

5、e-gently comfortable-comfortably possible -possibly probable -probably terrible-terribly considerable-considerably incredible-incredibly 但是 whole-wholly 例外。4) 元音字母加 e 结尾，去 e 加 ly: true-truly due-duly 绝大多数辅音字母加 e 结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如： polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely; nice-nicely 5) ll 结尾只加 y: ful

6、l- fully dull-dully6) ic 结尾加 ally: basic -basically scientific-scientifically 但是 public-publicly 例外7) hurry 名词或动词， hurried 形容词， hurriedly 副词 unexpectedly5 形容词的比较级及最高级变化规则1）一般加-er 或-est 。 strongstrongerstrongest 2）以字母 e 结尾直接加-r 或-st. latelaterlatest fine finer finest nice nicer nicest wide wider wide

7、st3）需双写结尾字母后再加-er 或-est。 glad gladder gladdest hothotter hottest thinthinner thinnest big bigger biggest fatfatter fattest wetwetter wettest sadsadder saddest red redder reddest slimslimmer slimmest4）变 y 为 i 再加-er 或-est 。angry angrier angriest merry merrier merriest pretty prettierprettiest ugly ugl

8、ier ugliest earlyearlier earliest easyeasier easiest happy happier happiest5） 其他双音节或多音节词，加 more 或 most：enthusiastic more enthusiastic most enthusiastic不规则变化Good / well - better most bad/ ill - worse - worst little less least Much/ many more - most far - farther 距离更远/further 距离更远或程度更深入farthest/furthe

9、st oldolder (指年龄较长的；新旧) / elder (只指年龄较长的) - oldest/ eldest副词1 基本用法 1）做状语 Look at the photo carefully.2) 少数地点或时间副词，如：here、there、 home、abroad、upstairs、above 、below、yesterday、today、tomorrow 等作后置定语。The people there were very friendly. Do you know the man upstairs?3) 作表语，如：in、out、on、 back、up、down、off 、aw

10、ay 、downstairs、upstairs等Is the radio on or off?4)作宾补 Sorry to have kept you up so late.2 兼有两种形式的副词Deep 深地( 具体的深度) deeply 深深地（抽象概念） close(靠近地) - closely (密切地)High(高地) highly (高度地) wide(宽地)- widely (广泛地) late(晚)- - lately(最近) Free（免费）- freely （自由地） hard(努力地、辛苦地) hardly （几乎不）most 最，很 mostly 主要地，几乎全部 ne

11、ar 靠近 nearly 几乎，差不多You have come too late. What have you been doing lately.You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like.You have to work hard. What he said was hardly true.Which part of the concert did you like most. It is a most interesting film.She i

12、s mostly out on Sundays.副词固定搭配wide open 敞开，睁得很大 wide awake 完全没睡着 deep into the night 到深夜 deep in thought 深思 here and there 到处 up and down 上上下下常用句型1 比较级+and+比较级 “越来越” My hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.2 the+比较级, the+比较级 “越, 越” The older I get, the happier I feel.3“比较级+than + any other+

13、单数名词 ” 可替换最高级Tom runs faster than any other student in his class. = Tom runs fastest in his class.4“比较级+than + all the other+ 复数名词 ” 可替换最高级She is more beautiful than all the other girls in our school. = She is the most beautiful girl in our school.5 “否定词+比较级 +than +其他” 替换最高级Nothing is more valuable

14、than health for us. = Health is the most valuable for us.6 “否定词+as/so + 原级+as ” 替换最高级No student is as / so diligent as Jim in our class. = Jim is the most diligent student in our class.7 “the +形容词比较级+ of” 两者中较.的一个 He is the taller of the two brothers. 8. More than He is more than a friend to me.9. L

15、ess than The lightest weighs less than 50 kilograms.10. no more than His entire school education added up to no more than one year.11. Not more than He has not more than twenty yuan in his pocket.12. Be senior to /be junior to / be superior to / be inferior to I am five years senior/junior to Jane.T

16、his computer is superior to the one you bought.This photo is inferior to that one.13 one of 形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的状语Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.14 序数词+形容词最高级+ 名词Africa is the second largest continent in the world.15 倍数+as +形容词/副词+as 倍数+形容词/副词的比较级 +than倍数+the+名词（height/length/depth/size）of 倍数+what 从句The +名词+be+倍数+that/those of Asia is four times as large as Europe.The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.