高考英语写作常用词汇词性转换.doc

1、1高中英语词汇词性转换第一组：1. ability (n. )能力；才能-able (a.)-unable (a.) disability (n. ) disabled (a.)be able to do= be capable of doing 2. absence (n. ) 缺席；不在 - absent (a.) -present (a.) presence (n.)be absent from; be present at3. absolute (a.) 绝对的；完全的 -absolutely (adv.)4. abundant (a.) 丰富的；充裕的 -abundance (n.)

2、 be abundant in 5. academic (a.) 学院的，理论的 (n.) 大学教师 - academy (n.) 学院6. accept (v.) 接受-acceptable (a.) 可接受的 - refuse (opp.) 拒绝7. access (n.) 通路，入门；（v.）接近；存取 -accessible (a.) have access to（to 为介词）可以使用；可以接触8. accurate (a.) 正确的，精确的 - accuracy (n.) accurately (adv.)- (opp.)inaccurate 不准确9. achieve (v.)

3、取得，达到 - achievement (n.)10. acquire (v.) 获得，学到 - acquisition (n.)11. act (n. ) 法令，条例；（v.）表演；行动-action (n.) active (a.) 主动的 inactive (a.) actively (adv.) activity (n. ) 活动 -passive (a.) 被动的 -actor (n.) actress (n.)12. actual (a.) 实际的；现实的actually (adv.) = as a matter of fact 13. adapt (v.) 使适应；改编 -ada

4、ptation (n.) 适应，顺应；改编，改编本-adaptable (a.) 有适应能力的 adapt oneself to 适应于; adapt(for sth.) from sth. 改编14. add (v.) 添加，增加;补充说- -addition (n.) -additional (a.) additionally (adv.) addto 将( 添)加到 add to 增加，加强 add up 加起来 add up to 共计达in addition (to) 另外，除此之外15. addict (n.) 成瘾的人 -addicted (a.) addition (n.) -

5、addictive (a.) 使成瘾的；上瘾的；易令人沉溺的 be addicted to （to 为介词）对上瘾16. adjust (v.) 调整，使适应 -adjustment (n.) - adjustable (a.) 17. admire (v.) 钦佩，羡慕 -admiration (n.) - admirable (a.)18. admit (v.) 承认，准许 ( admitted, admitted) - admission (n.) 19. adopt (v.) 收养，采用 -adoption (n.) - adopted (a.)20. advance (v.) 推进，

6、促进；前进 （n.）前进，提升advanced (a.) 先进的;高等的21. advantage (n.) 有点；好处 -disadvantage (n.) take advantage of 利用；欺骗，占的便宜22. adventure (n.) 冒险，奇遇 - adventurous (a.)23. advertise (v.) 为做广告 -advertisement (n.) 24. advise (v.) 建议，劝告-adviser (n.) 顾问，忠告者 - advice (n.) a piece of advice25. affect (v.) 影响 - affection (

7、n.) 影响，感情 = have an effect on 26. Africa (n.) 非洲 - African (a.) (n.)27. age (n.) 年纪 - aged (a.)老年的 elderly (a.) 28. agree (v.) 同意- agreement (n.) - disagree (opp)disagreement (n.) 229. agriculture (n.) 农业 agricultural (a.)30. allow (v.) 准许，允许-allowance (n.) 允许；紧贴，补助31. amaze (v.) 惊奇， 震惊 - amazement

8、(n.) -amazed (a.) amazed (a.) to ones amazement 32. ambition (n.) 抱负，雄心 -ambitious (a.)33. amuse (v.) 使快乐 - amusement (n.) amused (a.) - amusing (a.) to ones amusement34. analyze (v.) 分析 - analysis (n.) 35. anger (n.) 愤怒 - angry (a.) 36. announce (v.) 宣布, 宣告 - announcement (n.) - announcer (n.) 37.

9、annoy (v.) 使烦恼 annoyed (a.) - annoying (a.) - annoyance (n.)to ones annoyance38. annual (a. ) 一年一次的，每年的 （n.） 年刊 - annually (a.) 39. anxious (a.) 忧虑的，焦急的 - anxiety (n.) 40. apologize (v.) 道歉 - apology (n.) apologize to sb. for sth.; make an apology to sb. for sth.因事向某人道歉41. appear (v.) 出现 -appearance

10、 (n.)外貌，外观；出现，露面 42. apply (v.) 申请 , 应用- application (n.) 申请表 - applicant (n.) 申请人- applied (a.) 应用的43. appoint (v.) 约定，任命 appointment (n.) -make an appointment 约会44. appreciate (v.) 欣赏，感激 - appreciation (n.) 45. approve (v.) 批准，同意 - approval (n.) approve of赞成 (opp.) disapprove (v.) 不赞成 disapprove o

11、f46. argue (v.) 争辩，辩论argument (n.) 47. arrange (v.) 安排 - arrangement (n.) 48. arrive (v.) 到达 arrival (n.) 49. Asia (n.) 亚洲 -Asian (a.) (n.)50. assess (v.) 评价，估价 - assessment (n.) 51. assist (v.) 帮助，协助- assistance (n.) 帮助，援助 -assistant (n.) 助手，助理 52. associate (v.) 联系，交往 - association (n.) - associat

12、ed (a.)53. assume (v.) 假定，采取 - assumption (n.)54. astonish (v.) 使惊讶 - astonished (a.) - astonishing (a.) astonishment (n.) 55. astronaut (n.) 宇航员 - astronomy (n.) 天文学 - astronomer (天文学家)56. athlete (n.) 运动员 - athletic (a.) 运动员的；运动的；体格健壮的；行动敏捷的57. attend （v.）参加，照料 - attendance (n.)出席，参加 - -attender (

13、n.) 出席者；参加者58. attention (n) 注意，专心- attentive (a) attentively (ad v.) 59. attract (v.) 吸引 attraction (n.) - attractive (a.)60. aware (a.) 知道的，明白的 - awareness (n.) be aware of 61. bacterium (n.) 细菌 -(pl. ) bacteria 62. bad (a.) 坏的 - badly (adv. ) (worse, worst) - good (a.) well (a.) (adv.) (better, b

14、est)63. base (n.) 基地，根据地 (v.) 以为基地 - basic (a.) - basically 大体上64. basis (n.) 基础，要素 - (pl.) bases 65. bath (n.) 洗澡，浴室bathe (v.) bathroom (n.) - bathtub (n.) 澡盆366. bear (v.) 忍受 (bore, borne)- bearable (a.) 可忍受的 - unbearable (opp.) 不可忍受的67. beat (v.) 敲打，跳动，打赢 (beat, beaten)68. beautiful (a.) 美丽的- bea

15、uty (n. ) - beautify (v.) 69. behave (v.) 行为，守规矩 - behavior (n.) 70. belief (n) 信条，信念 -（pl.） beliefs- believe (v.) - believable (a.) -(opp.) unbelievable71. begin (v.) 开始，着手 (began, begun)- beginning (n.) 4第二组：1. bend v. 使弯曲 （bent, bent）be bent on doing 一心想，决心要做2. benefit n.利益, 好处 vt.有益于, 有助于 - bene

16、ficial adj.有益的, 受益的 benefit from从中受益； be beneficial to 对有益 3. bitter adj.苦的, 痛苦的, 怀恨的 -unpleasant adj 不愉快的；讨厌的4. boring adj. 无聊的，乏味的(修饰物)-bored adj.无聊的, 无趣的, 烦人的（用于人）5. botany n.植物学 -botanical adj.植物学的6. brave adj.勇敢的 -bravery n.勇敢 -coward n.懦弱的人 , 胆小的人7. boycott n./vt. 联合抵制 , 排斥8. breath n. 呼吸, 气息

17、-breathe v.呼吸, 发出 -breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的9. bring vt. 拿来, 带来 -brought(分去式)-brought （过去分词）10. bury vt.埋葬, 掩埋, 隐藏 -buried(过去式或过去分词) be buried in sth 埋头做某事11. business n.商业, 买卖, 交易, 生意 -businessman -businesswoman 12. calculate v.计算, 考虑, 计划, 打算-calculation n.计算, 考虑 -calculator n.计算机, 计算器13. calm adj.(天气、

18、海洋等 )静的, 平静的, 镇静的, 沉着的 v. (使)平静, (使) 镇定, 平息calmness n.平静, 冷静, 镇静14. care n.注意, 照料, vi.关心 , 顾虑, 照顾, 喜爱 vt.在意 -careful(a.) -careless (a.)15. catch v.捕获 , 赶上( 车船等 ), 发觉, 感染（疾病）-(caught, caught) 16. caution n.小心, 谨慎, 警告 vt.警告 -cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的17 celebration n.庆祝, 庆典 -celebrate v.庆祝18. certain adj.确

19、定的, 某一个-certainly adv. -certainty n. -uncertainty n.无常, 不确定19. challenge n.挑战 vt.向.挑战-challenging adj.具有挑战性的20. change n.改变, 变化, 找回的零钱 vt.改变, 变革 -changeable adj.可改变的21. character n. 人物，特点，性格，品质-characteristic n. 特性，特征22. chemical adj.化学的 n.化学制品 , 化学药品-chemist n.化学家, 药剂师-chemistry n.化学23. choice n.选择

20、 , 抉择, 精选品 -choose v.选择, 选定(chose, chosen) 24. cloth n.布, 织物, 衣料-clothes n.衣服, 总称 被褥 , 各种衣服-clothing n.(总称) 衣服25. collect vt. 收集-collection n. 收藏, 征收, 搜集品, 捐款-collective adj.集体的 n.集体26. comfort n.安慰, 舒适 vt.安慰 -comfortable adj.舒适的27. communicate v.沟通, 交流，传达-communication n. 28. compete vi.比赛, 竞争 -com

21、petition n.竞争, 竞赛 -competitor n.竞争者-competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的；（指人）好竞争的29. conclude v.作出结论 vt.推断-conclusion n. 结论30. confident adj.自信的, 确信的 -confidence n.信心-confidently adv.信赖地, 安心地31. conduct n.行为, 操行 v. 组织, 实施，管理-conductor n. (乐队)指挥5第三组：1. crazy adj.疯狂的 -craze n.狂热，疯狂；风行一时的东西；be crazy about 对疯狂/着迷

22、； like crazy 拼命地；发疯似地2create vt.创造，产生 （syn.）-produce creative adj - -creation n. 创造，创建-creativity n.创造力 -creator n.创造者；创作者 -create jobs/opportunities/ a good image/ wealth3. crime n.罪犯 -criminal n.罪犯 -commit a crime 犯罪4. cross vt.穿过-crossing n.十字路口 -crossroads n.交叉路口 -at the crossroads 5. crowd n. 人

23、群 vt. 拥挤-crowded adj. 拥挤的 -crowdedness n. 6.cruel adj. 残忍的，残酷的-be cruel to sb -cruelly adv.-cruelty n. 残忍7. culture n.文化 -cultural adj. -cultural difference (shock) 文化差异；文化冲击 -multi-culture 多元文化8. cure n大有作为33. difficult adj. difficulty n.困难 with/without difficulty, have difficulty with sth./(in) do

24、ing sth 做某事有困难34. direct adj.直接的 -（反） indirect speech 间接引语 -direct v.指挥，指导，导演director n. 导演 -direction n.方向 in the direction of 朝方向 35. disable v.使残疾 -disabled adj.残疾的 -help the disabled 帮助残疾人 -disability n. -The traffic accident disabled him.36.disappear vi. 消失 （反） - appear -disappearance n. (反) ap

25、pearance37.disagree with sb on/about/over sth -disagreement -be in disagreement with 38. disappoint vt.使失望 disappointment n. to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是 make sb disappointed ；sb. be/feel disappointed with sb./at sth.某人对感到失望 39. discover vt.发现 discovery n. make a discovery 40.discrimination n.歧视 d

26、iscriminate vt.歧视，区分 discriminate A from B 把区分开来discriminate against women 歧视妇女41.discuss vt discussion n.讨论 42.distance n.距离 distant adj.远的 ， 遥远的 in the distance 在远方keep sb at a distance 疏远某人，与某人保持距离 43. distinguish v.辨别 distinguish A from B /distinguish between A and B 区别/辨别distinction n 差别 ；名声44d

27、istribute v.分布，分配 distribution n. 分配 distribute sth to /among sb 把分发/ 分配给45. disturb vt.打扰；扰乱 Dont disturb the papers on my desk. -disturbed adj.心神不宁的，心烦意乱的 -disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的 a disturbing piece of news.46.donate v.捐赠 donate sth to sb 将捐给 donation n.He donated 10,000$ to the earthquake disa

28、ster area. a donation of 200$ 二百美元的捐款47. educate v.教育 educator 教育者 education n. -receive a good education 受到良好的教育 48. effect n.效果，作用 effective adj.有效果的 affect v. 影响 have an effect on -take effect 起到作用,有效果 -come into effect 生效；奏效49. elect v. election n.选举 He was elected president of the USA in 1986.5

29、0. electricity n. 电 electric adj.电的 electric wire 电线 electrical adj. 电气的electrical engineering 电气工程 electronic adj. 电子的 electronic equipment51. embarrass v.使尴尬 embarrassed adj. be embarrassed about 对感到尴尬-embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的，难为情的 -embarrassment n.752. employ v.雇佣 employer n. 雇主，老板 employee n. 雇工，雇

30、员employment n. 雇用，使用，职业 unemployment n. 失业53. encourage v.鼓励 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 discourage vt. 使泄气 discourage sb from doing 劝阻某人不做某事 encouragement n. 鼓励 courage n.勇气 54. energy n.精力，能量 energetic adj.精力旺盛的 be full of energy=be energetic55. enjoy vt. 欣赏，喜欢；享受之乐趣 enjoy equality (freedom, pe

31、ace) enjoy doing enjoyable adj.愉快的；有趣的 enjoyment n.享受;令人愉快的事物Children like to share interests and enjoyments with their parents.56entertain v.招待，款待；使有兴趣；使快乐 entertainment n. 娱乐活动entertaining adj. 有趣的，使人愉快的57. environment n.环境 environmental adj. environmental protection/conservation / preservation 环境

32、保护 environmentalist n.环境学家58. equal adj.平等的 vt. 等于 be equal to 等同；胜任 equally adv. treat sb equallyequality n. the principle of equality before the law 法律面前人人平等的原则 59. equip vt.提供设备；装备 equipment (UC) n. a piece of equipment be equipped with Our office is equipped with modern equipment.60 . escape n/v

33、i 逃跑； 被忘掉 escape from being punished (punishment)a narrow escape 九死一生 an escaped prison 一名逃跑的犯人 61. Europe n.欧洲 European adj.欧洲的 n.欧洲人 a European 一名欧洲人62evident adj.明显的 evidence n.证据，迹象 The police havent found out the convincing evidence.63. exam(examination) n.考试, 测验 -examine v. 检查, 调查, 考试With the

34、approach of the college entrance examination, I study harder and harder.64. excellent adj.卓越的, 极好的 -excellence n.优秀, 卓越, 优点, 美德65. exhibit vt. 展览; n.展品 Visitors are requested not to touch exhibits in the museum.exhibition n.展览，展览会 There will be an exhibition on next week in the science museum. 65exi

35、st vi.存在 existence n.生存，存在 come into existence 开始存在existing adj 现存的，现行的 existing laws 现行法律 Does life exist on other planets?66. expect vt.预料，盼望；认为 expect sb to do Im expecting your early reply.Dont expect too much from your child. 不要对你的孩子期望太高。expectation n.期望，预期 live up to your parents expectation 不

36、辜负父母的期望have high expectation on sb.对某人有很高的期望67.expense n.消费，支出 以为代价 spare no expense to do 不惜代价at his own expense 自费. at the expense of sb/sth 在牺牲情况下，做某事cut down ones expense 减少开支 expensive / costly/dear adj.昂贵的 68.explain vt.解释 explanation n. 解释，说明 explain to sb. 向某人解释 He explained to me the reason

37、 why he was late again.69.explode v.使爆炸 explosion n. explosive adj. 爆炸的;易爆炸的70. expose vt.揭露；使面临（危险）be exposed to 暴露于；接触；遭受 Being exposed to the sunlight for a long time is harmful to your skin. -exposure n. 871. express v. 表达；表示 I cant express myself in English. expression n.表情，表达，词句-facial express

38、ion expressive adj. 富于表情的；有表现力的72extend vt 延长，扩大，扩展 extend the deadline -Im sure youll join me in extending a very warm welcome to our visitors.我肯定你们会和我们一起向来访者表示热烈的欢迎。73face n.脸 vt.面对，面向 -facial adj.-面部的 facial expression 面部表情Faced with the disaster, we Chinese have showed extraordinary courage and

39、energy. 74. fail v. 失败；不及格；衰退 failure n. He failed the exam/in the exam/failed to pass the exam. Failure is the mother of success. Weight-loss pills caused his liver to failure.75. familiar adj. 熟悉的 familiarity n. 熟悉，通晓 be familiar to sb sb. be familiar with sth 76. famous /well known/famed adj.著名的

40、be world famous for/asfame n.名声 rise to fame overnight 一夜成名77finance 财政，金融 financial adj. the financial worries 经济担忧9第四组：1. flee v. 逃避, 逃跑, 逃走 -fled-fled 2. flexible adj.易曲的, 灵活的,能变形的 -flexibility n.弹性, 适应性, 机动性3. flight n.飞行;飞机的航程; 班机; 楼梯的一段 -fly v. (flew, flown) n.苍蝇4. flow n.流程, 流动, vi.流动, 涌流( fl

41、owed, flowed)5. fluency n.流利, 流畅, 雄辩-fluent adj. fluently adv.6. fog n. 雾, 烟雾, 尘雾 vi.被雾笼罩, 变模糊 vt.使困惑, 以雾笼罩-foggy adj.雾深的 , 模糊的, 朦胧的7. fool n. 愚人, 白痴, 莽汉, vt. 愚弄, 欺骗 -foolish adj. 8. foresee vt.预见, 预知 (foresaw, foreseen)9. forget vt.忘记, 忽略(forgot, forgot/forgotten) -forgetful adj.健忘的, 易忘的10. fortune

42、 n.财富, 运气, 好运, 命运-fortunate adj. -fortunately adv. unfortunately adv.12. found v. 建立, 创立, 创办 - (founded, founded)13. free adj.自由的, 免费的, 空闲的-freedom n. -freely adv. 14. freeze v.(使) 结冰, (使)冷冻, 冻结-(froze, frozen) -freezing adj.冰冻的, 严寒的15. frequent adj. 时常发生的, 频繁的 -frequency n.频率, 周率, 发生次数-frequently a

43、dv. 16. friend n. -friendly adj.友好的, 友谊的 -friendship n.友谊, 友好17. fun n. 娱乐, 玩笑, 嬉笑, 有趣的人或事物 adj.有趣的，愉快的-funny adj.有趣的 , 好笑的, 滑稽的, 奇异的, 古怪的18. general adj.一般的, 普通的 , 综合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大体的 -generally adv. 19. glory n.荣誉, 光荣-glorious adj.光荣的, 显赫的20. gold n.黄金, 金币 adj.金的, 金制的 a gold medal -golden adj.金色的,

44、金黄色的21. govern v. 统治, 支配, 管理 -governor n.统治者, 管理者 -government n.政府22. gradual adj.逐渐的, 逐步的 -gradually adv.23. graduate n.(大学)毕业生, 研究生 v.(使)(大学) 毕业 graduate from -graduation n. 24. grateful adj.感激的, 感谢的 -gratitude n.感谢；感恩 (不可数)25. greedy adj.贪吃的 , 贪婪的 , 渴望的-be greedy for sth -greed n. 贪欲, 贪婪 26. gree

45、t vt.问候, 向.致意-greeting n. 问候；致意 -to offer greetings to sb. 向某人致意27. grow vi.生长, 成长, 渐渐变得, 增长, 增高 vt. 种植-(grew, grown)-growth n. 28. guide n .领路人, 导游者 vt. 指导, 支配, 管理, 带领 -guidance n.指导, 领导-under the guidance of sb 在某人的指导之下29. happy adj.快乐的, 幸福的-happiness n. -happily adv. 30. hard adj.硬的, 坚固的 adv.努力地,

46、 辛苦地 -hardship n. 困苦, 艰难, 辛苦31. harm vt.伤害, 损害 n.伤害, 损害-harmful adj. (be harmful to)32. harmony n. 和谐，协调, 融洽 live in harmony with 与和谐共处-harmonious adj. 和谐的, 协调的, 和睦的33. hate vt.憎恨, 恨, 不愿, 不喜欢 n.憎恶, 憎恨-hateful adj.可恨的, 讨厌的, 可恶的34. health n. 健康，卫生-(in good health)-healthy adj. 35. high adj.高的 -height n. 高度-highly adv. 高度地36. help n.帮忙 vt.帮助, 助长-helpful adj. -help