倒装句用法总结.doc

1、 倒装句用法总结专题 英语 最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。 倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装， 将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态 到主语之前称为部分倒装 一、 完全倒装（主谓倒装）是指把谓语全部提到主语的前面。 例： In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor. 1.以 here, there， now, then 引导的句子，要完全倒装。这种句子中的谓语 动词通常是不及物动词。 如： Here comes the train! / T

2、here goes the bell! 注意：若代词作主语，只把该副词提前主谓语序不变。 Here he comes . / Here it is . 2 句首以 out , in , up ,away , down 等副词开头，句子要完全倒装。（注意，这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词，也不能使用倒装结构。） 如： Up went the rocket. /Up it went. 3. 介词短语作状语在 句首，句子要完全倒装。注意，这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。 如： In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker. 4.表语置

3、于句首，且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。 如： Gone are the days when we ha nothing to eat. 5.so/ neither/ nor 表前面所说的情况也适合于后者，其倒装结构为“ so/ neither/ nor+助动词 /系动词 /情态动词”，这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的 不 是同一人 或物。 如： She has finished her homework, so has her brother. She hasnt gone there, neither/ nor has he. 二、部分倒装（助动词倒装）是指把谓语的一部分（助动词

4、）提到主语的前面。 例： Never in my life have I seen such a thing. 1.用于疑问句中。 如： How did you do that? Did you see the film yesterday? 2. if 从句中如有 were ( had , should ) , if 省去后，要部分倒装 ,把 were， had， should 提到主语前面。如： If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him. -Had you come yesterday, you would have seen h

5、im. 3.as 引导的让步状语从句，要部分倒装（表语、状语倒装）。有以下几种形式： 1） 副词置于句首。 如： Much as I like it (=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it. 2） 动词置于句首。 如： Wait as you may (= Although you may wait), he will not see you. 3） 形容词或名词置于句首。 如： Proud as the nobles are (=Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to

6、see me. Child as he is (=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong. 注意：如果名词前有形容词修饰时， as 引导的倒装句中要保留不定冠词。如： A bad-tempered man as he is (=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply. 4.句首为否定词或否定意义的词语时，句子要部分倒装。 ( not , not only , never , little , seldom , not until, hardly ( scar

7、cely ) , no sooner, not once, at no time,. ) Little do we know about him. No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep. Seldom does he come back on Sundays. Not until he came back did I know about it. 5.only 在句首引导状语，或 not until 引导的状语在句首，主句 要部分倒装。 如： Only then did I realize the important of E

8、nglish. / Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents intentions. 但若 only 修饰的是句子的其它成分，则无需倒装。 如： Only socialism can save China. (only 修饰句子的主语，仍用正常语序 ) 6.not only . but also . 引导两个并列句，前倒后不倒。 如 ： Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons. 7

9、.在以 often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词 (短语 )开头的句子中 ,要用部分倒装结构 。 如： Many a time has John given me good advice. / Often have we made that test. 8. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子 里。 May you succeed! 9. so 或 so 引导的短语放在句首 ,要部分倒装。 So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. sothat 结

10、构中的倒装。有时要强调 so 所修饰的形容词或副词，常将 so 连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提到句首。这时，主句要用倒装结构。如： He runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.-So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others. He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book. -So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult

11、problems in the book.(全部倒装 ) 10.状语位于句首表示强调或使句子平衡，或使上下文紧密衔接，句子要部分倒装。 倒装句的用法具体小结 （ 下面的 小结 与以 上 的大总结 可能有些重复，可是下面都是一些做题常用知识点，希望大家能理解 地 记忆好，这样的话，对于大家以后解倒装句的题就能 很容易。 ） 1 . 在以 here , there , in , out , up , down , away , back , now , then 等副词开头的句子里，如果主语是名词，常用全部倒装。 Out rushed the boys . /Then followed three

12、 days of heavy rain . 若代词作主语，只把该副词提前主谓语序不变。 Here he comes . / Here it is . 2 . 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时，也常常引起全部倒装。 South of the city lies a big steel factory . 3 . 以带有否定意义而且修饰全句的词开头的句子，要用“部分倒装”语序 ( 倒装的方法跟变一般疑问句的方法相似 ) 。这类常见词有 never , hardly , seldom , not , not only , not until ( 引导从句时，主句“部分倒装” ) ， little ,

13、 rarely , no sooner . . . than , hardly . . . when , scarcely . . . when。 例 :Never shall I do this again . 其中 no sooner . . . than , hardly . . . when , scarcely . . . when 表示“一就”的意思。 no sooner , hardly , scarcely 引出的主句要用“部分倒装”形式的过去完成时， than , when 引出的从句用过去时。 No sooner had I got home than it began t

14、o rain . 如果带有否定意义的词不是修饰全句，只是修饰主语，那么句子的主谓不必倒装。 Scarcely a sound came from among the crowd . 4 . so 修饰形容词或副词， only 修饰副词或状语放在句首时“部分倒装”。 So badly was he injured in the accident that he was sent to the hospital for treatment . /Only in this way can you master English . 如果 only 修饰主语，句子则不倒装。 例如 :Only Wang

15、Lin knows this . 5. neither , nor 或 no more 放在句首，作“也不”讲时，所引导的句子部分倒装。 He can t answer the question . Neither can I . 6.为了保持句子平衡或为 了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时，需倒装。 Gone are the days when we used foreign oil . 7.由 as , though ( although ) 引导的表示“虽然”，“尽管”的让步状语从句，用倒装语序，即把从句中的表语或状语等放在 as 的前面。 1._can you expect to

16、get a pay rise.（ 2001北京春季 卷 ） A. With hard work B Although work hard C Only with hard work D Now that he works hard 2.I failed in the final examination last term and only then the importance of studies.（ 2004重 庆 卷 ） A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize 3.-I would never

17、come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible. -_. (2004全 国 卷 ) A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. same with me D. So do I 4. _snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.（ 2004上海 卷 ） A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C

18、. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring 5_about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.(2005 江 苏 卷 ) A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the couple C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious 6. David has made great pr

19、ogress recently. _,and _. (2005 上海 卷 ) A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have 7.Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _such a beautiful palace.（ 2004年 辽 宁卷） A can you find B you could find C you can find D could you f

20、ind 8._, Carolina couldnt get the door open. (05 广 东 卷 ) A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try 9.Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. （ 2005上海卷） A. has this city been B. this city has been C. was this city D. this city

21、was 10._, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. （ 05重 庆 卷） A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student 11.In the dark forests _, some large enough to hold several English towns.（ 2005 辽 宁卷） A stand man

22、y lakes B lie many lakes C many lakes lie D many lakes stand (key: CDBBB BAAAB B) 详细的答案讲解 1.only 所修饰的状语 (副词、介词短语或状语从句 )位于句首时 ,谓语动词要部分倒装。（ 1、 2 题） 2.含有否定意义的副词 (not until, never, hardly, seldom, little, not, neither, nor, scarcely 等 )位于句首时 ,谓语动词要部分倒装。（ 7、 9） 3. Not only 放在句首 ,从句不倒装 ,主句倒装。（ 4 题） 4.so 位于句首 ,表示前面的内容也适用于另一人或物时 ;neither, nor 位于句首表示另一人或物也不这样时 ,谓语动词要用部分倒装。 (3,6) 5. so. that.结构中表示程度的副词 so 位于句首时要用部分倒装。（ 5 题） 6.为了保持句子结构平衡 ,或为了强调状语或表语 ,或使上下文紧密衔接时 ,谓语动词要全部倒装。（ 11 题） 7.as 引导让步状语从句时 ,从句中 表语、谓语要倒装 ,注意 :如果从句的表语是可数名词单数 ,且该名词前又没有形容词修饰时 ,其名词前不加冠词 .（ 8、 10 题）