形容词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法讲解和练习.doc

1、1形容词原级、比较级、最高级的用法讲解及练习形容词的概述（一）形容词的定义及位置形容词原级（原形）的用法说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或某些代词的词叫做形容词。形容词一般放在名词前，在句子中可作定语、表语宾语补足语等1、作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。 如：The beautiful girl is my sister。 I have something important to tell he.。2、作表语，放在系动词之后。如：Our school is big and clean.I felt terrible this morning.3、作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。

2、如：you must keep your hands open.I find it hard to travel around the mountain. 24、某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。常见的有good/bad；rich/poor；young/old；deaf/blind；black/white； living/dead 等。如：The rich should help the poor. The young should be polite to the old.知识拓展：有表示绝对概念的副词 very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原

3、级。如：The boy is too young. 这个男孩太小。（二）形容词的种类形容词可以表示质量、大小、新旧、形状、颜色、产地、温度等。（1）表示质量：a beautiful coat; （2）表示大小：a big pig; a small cap; a little goat等。（3）表示新旧：a new bag; an old bike 等。（4）表示形状：a round chair; a tall building 等。（5）表示颜色：blue sky; a white cat; a red skirt 等。（6）表示产地：a Japanese jeep; a Chinese ca

4、r 等。3（7）表示温度：the low temperature; a cool day 等。（三）形容词的构成（1）名词+ful 。 help -helpful; care-careful 等。（2）名词+y 。 rain-rainy; wind-windy cloud-cloudy; sun-sunny 等。(3)名词+ing 。interest-interesting; surprise-surprising 等。(4)wool-woolen; friend-friendly; hundred-meter(race); kind-hearted 等。形容词的比较级最高级变化规则及其应用（

5、一）形容词比较级、最高级的规则变化1大多数形容词一般在词尾直接加er，est ,如：shortshortershortest；talltallertallest； 2以字母 e 结尾的形容词加r，st ,如：nicenicernicest latelaterlatest; largelargerlargest3以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词变 y 为 i 再加-er ,-est, 如：earlyearlierearliest heavy heavierheaviest; busybusierbusiest4以重读闭音节以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾4的辅音字母再加er,est,

6、如：bigbiggerbiggest; fatfatterfattest; hothotterhottest; thinthinnerthinnest; redredderreddest（二）形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化1不规则的形容词的比较级最高级：如：many/muchmoremost good/wellbetterbest bad/badlyworseworst littlelessleast ffarfartherfarthest 2多音节的形容词的比较级最高级加more,most,如；beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulinteresting

7、more interestingmost interestingpopularmore popularmost popular知识拓展：副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别 (有 be 用形，有形用 be；有动用副，有副用动)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或 be 动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级最高级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级最高级相同 (不规则变化：well-better-best, far-farther-fartherest)5形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词 than。比较级前面可以用 more, a little

8、 来修饰表示程度。than 后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格） 。 表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“被比较的对象 be + adj 比较级 +than +比较对象”。如：Li Pings room is bigger than mine.形容词最高级在句子中的运用：三者（事物或人）或三者以上之间的比较用最高级，其结构为“被比较的对象 be +the adj最高级 +比较的范围”。如：Li Lei is the tallest in our class表示 A 与 B 在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。（1）肯定句中的结构：“A(被比较的对象)be +as+形容词原级+as+

9、B(比较对象)”，如：English is as interesting as physics. Xiao Ping is as tall as Tom.（2）否定句中的结构：“A(被比较的对象)be +as /so+形容词原级+as+B(比较对象)”，如：This desk isnt as new as that one. He is not so careful as Alice. 6（3）表示“A 是 B 的倍”时，用“A(被比较的对象) be +倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B(比较对象)”结构。（一倍：once;二倍：twice; 三倍以上：数字+times）如：Our room i

10、s three times as big as theirs.The house is twice as long as that one. 知识拓展：1.有表示程度的副词 a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any 等修饰时， 用形容词比较级。如：It is much cooler today than before.2.表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更”时，用句型“Which/Who is +形容词比较级，A or B?”表示。如：Who is taller, Tom or Jim? Which skirt is m

11、ore beautiful ,the yellow one or the pink one?3.表示“比”时，用“倍数+比较级+than如：I am three years older than you.我比你大三岁。4.表示“两者之间最一个（of the two ）”时，常用“the +比较级”结构。如：Lucy is the taller of the twins.75.表示“越来越”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节形容词时用“more and more+形容词原级”。如：Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.

12、Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful6.表示“越就越”时，用“the+比较级，the +比较级“结构如：The cooler the weather is, the better I feel.天气越凉爽我感觉越舒服。自主检测一、写出下列形容词的比较级最高级old_ young_ tall long_ short_ strong_ big_ _small_ _fat_ thin_ heavy_ light_ nice_ good_ beautiful_ _low_ high_ late_ 二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My s

13、ister is two years _(old)than me.2. Nick is as _(fat) as Jim.83. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes, she is.4. Who is _(thin),you or He Lan? He Lan is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7.Jack _ (be) _ (tall) than any other boys in his class.

14、 8.Li Fang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls. 9.My eyes are _(big) in my family. 10.Which is _(heavy),the dog 、the elephant or the pig? 三、翻译句子：1、谁比 Tom 年纪大？是你。_ is _than Tom？ _ are2、谁的尺子更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。_ ruler is _,_or_？_is,I think.3、谁的梨果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？ 我的弟弟的。_pears _ _,your _ or your _?My _ _.

15、4、你和你的爸爸一样高吗？是的。9_ _as _as your father?Yes,I am.5、她和她的朋友 Lucy 一样年轻。She _ as _ as _ _ Lucy 6我父亲比我母亲年纪小。My than my .7.她的毛衣和我的一样重。Sweater as as 8.这条连衣裙在所有裙子中是最长的The dress is _(long) one of all9. Im taller than Mom .(该成用原级的比较)Im _ as _ as Mom . 10.他是他们三人中年龄最大的He (be) (old) of the three.四.单项选择 ( )1. Shes

16、 already _ her brother.A. so tall than B. as tall than C. so tall as D. as tall as( )2. It is said that it is _ today than yesterday. Shall we go skitinging this afternoon?A. the hottest B. hot C. hottest D. hotter( )3. Shanghai is bigger than _ in Japan.10A. any other city B. all the other cities C. any city D. the other cities( )4. Each of us was too tired to go any _ .A. far B. farer C. much farther D. farther( ) 5. Now it is _ here, but it is even _ in SanyaA. hotter; hottest B. hot; hottest C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter