不定代词用法总结及配套练习题.docx

1、不定代词用法总结1) some, any 的用法 some 和 any 通常用于表示不定数或不定量，修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。some 表示“几个；一些；部分” ，多用于肯定句；而 any 表示 “一些；什么；任何；”，对用于否定句或疑问句中。如： * He asked me some questions. (他问了我几个问题。) * Some of the bread has been eaten. (面包已吃了一些。) * Are there any stamps in this post office? (这个邮局里有邮票吗？ ) 1. “Would you like _ more

2、coffee?“ (some/any) -“Yes, please.“ 2. I wonder if _ will show up at the meeting. (someone/anyone)3. Doesnt _ know the answer to this question? (someone/anyone) 4. On TV _ said that smoking does not cause lung cancer. (someone/anyone) 5. (annoyed and emphatic) How can _ tell such a pack of lies ? (s

3、omeone/anyone) 6. It must be difficult to live without _ money. (some/any) 7. Have you seen my shoes? I cant find them _. (somewhere/anywhere) 8. - “Can you believe weve run out of milk!“ - “Would you like me to get _ at the nearest shop?“ (some/any) 9. _ say the Internet is just a hype and that it

4、will blow over. (Some/Any) 10. _ day peace will come to Northern Ireland. (Some/Any) 2) 复合不定代词的用法 a. 不定代词 some, any, no 与 -one, -body, -thing 可以组成九个复合代词。它们是： someone anyone no one somebody anybody nobody something anything nothing 这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质，可以作主语、宾语等。b. 因为 some 一般用于肯定句，any 一般用于否定句或疑问句，no 表示完全否

5、定，因此由 some, any, no 与-one, -body 组成的复合代词的用法也一样。 c. 第二部分为-one 和-body 的复合代词只用于表示人，它们的形式是单数形式，但有时可以用 they 或 them指代。 * There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking? (你办公室里有人。你听见他们说话了吗？) d. 第二部分为-thing 的复合代词只能用于指物。如： * There was something wrong with the car so he had to stopped it. * He loo

6、ked at me and didnt say anything. * Nothing can be done to save her life. e. 这些复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰，形容词必须后置。如： * Somebody important has arrived, Im sure. (important 修饰 somebody) 1There isnt _ water in the cup.Aany B many C some Dthe2The bottle is empty. There is _ in it.Aanything Bsomething Cnothing3Th

7、ere isnt _ milk in the fridge. Youd better buy some.Ano Bany C some4. Everything _ ready. We can start now. A. are B. is C. be D. were 5. Theres _ with his eyes. Hes OK. A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing 6. The story is so amazing! Its the most interesting story

8、Ive ever read. But Im afraid it wont be liked by _. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody 7. She listened carefully, but heard _. A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing 8. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 9. E

9、veryone is here today, _? No, Han Mei isnt here. Shes ill. A. isnt it B. isnt he C. are they D. isnt everyone10. Everything goes well, _? A. is it B. isnt it C. do they D. doesnt it 3) none 与 no one 的用法区别None 和 no one 都表示“三者或者三者以上的另一个”，但是用法不一样。None 既指人也指物，它常与 of 短语连用None of us failed the exam.I have

10、 read none of the books.在回答以 how many，how much 开头得疑问句时要用 none。No one 只能用来指人，不能指物，且不能与 of 短语连用，回答以 who 开头的疑问句时要用 no one。No one knows the answer to the question.1. _of them can speak Russian.A. No one B.Noone C.None D.Nobody2._ can answer my question. A. No one B.Noone C.None D.No body3. Who is in the

11、 classroom ? A. No one B.Noone C.None D.No body4. How many hours does Jim play taiji every day? A. No one B.Noone C.None D.Nobody 5. How much water is in the cup？ A. No one B.Noone C.None D.Nobody4) all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both a. every 只有形容词的性质，在句中作定语。常用于修饰单数的可数名词。表示“每个；各

12、个”，还可以表示“一切”。 * After the strong wind every flower in the garden was gone. every 还可以和-one, -thing, -body 构成复合不定代词，即：everyone, everything, everybody。其中，everyone 和everybody 用于指人，意思一样，都是“每人；大家” ，形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。everything 用于指物，意思是 “每件事；一切”，形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。如： * One cant have everything.

13、* Everything goes well with me.注意：在使用 everyone 时要注意和 every one 相区别。everyone 是一个不定代词而 every one 是一个词组，前者只能指人而后者既可以指人也可以指物。请注意下列例句： * Everyone will be here except Patrick. (everyone 指人) * Every one of the children will get a gift. (every one 也指人) *We played several matches against the visitors, but un

14、luckily lost every one. (every one 指物)b. each 的意思是“ 每个；各自的 ”，可以指人，也可以指物。如： * I leave home at 7 a.m. each day. * Each of them has received a letter. 由于 each 和 every 的意思相近，都表示“ 每一个”，因此要特别注意它们的区别。 each 所描述的对象至少是两个数目中的每一个，而 every 所描述的对象至少是三个数目中的每一个； every 着重强调整体的含义而 each 着重强调个别；every 只能作形容词放于名词前而 each 可

15、以作形容词、代词和副词。如：*You can see a lot of new shops on each side of the street. (因为街道只有两边因此不能用 every) *Each has too coats. (each 是代词不能换用 every)c. other 可以指人也可以指物，表示“另外的人或事物”，其后可以接单数或复数的名词；此外，other 也有复数形式，是 others。如： * He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor. *Some children like milk c

16、hocolate, other children prefer plain chocolate. *We should not think only of ourselves, we should think of others first. d. another 的意思是“ 另一个；再一个；又一个”，通常只能修饰单数的名词或代词，泛指“不定数目中的另一个”。 * Would you like to try another kind of drink? * I dont like this hat; please show me another. 注意：other 和 another 都有“另

17、外的”意思，要注意它们的区别。首先一般来说，两者中的“另一个”是 the other，不定数目中的“另一个”是 another。如： * She has a book in one hand and a pen in the other. (这里表示两只手中的另一个因此用 the other) * This cup is broken. Get me another, please. 其次，other 的后面可以接单数或复数的名词而 another 的后面只能接单数名词。如： * He has other brothers. * I am not very well today. Tell t

18、hem I will go and see them another day. 第三，other 有复数形式，泛指别人时通常不加冠词；而表示其他的人时常要加定冠词；而 another 没有复数形式。 * Some went to the Peoples Park, others visited the zoo. * Could you tell the others that Ill be late? 5) many, much, few, little, a few, a little, a lot of, lots of 这些词都可以用来表示数量，但它们的用法也应当注意。 a. many

19、和 much 这两个词都表示“许多；大量”，它们的比较级和最高级是 more 和most。它们的不同在于：many 只能指代或修饰可数名词的复数，much一般只能指代或修饰不可数名词。如： * “Do you have any books on English grammar?” “Yes, but not many.” (这里的 many 指代上文的 books) * Much time will be saved if you plan your work very well. (time 是不可数名词，因此用 much) b. (a) few 和 (a) little a few 和 a

20、 little 是一对用作表示数量的不定代词的固定词组，它们具有名词和形容词的性质，它们的意思是“少数；少量” ，都表示肯定的意思。它们的不同点是：a few 指代或修饰可数名词的复数，a little 指代或修饰不可数名词。如： * Only a few of the children in this village can read. (因为 children 是可数名词的复数因此用(每一个人都知道应该做什么/他的工作。 ) (在这两个句子中用 every 和 each 都可以) a few) * There was a little rain just now and the air i

21、s fresh now. (rain 是不可数名词因此要用 a little) few 和 little 表示否定，意思是 “几乎一点没有”，相当于 not many 或 not much。和 a few 和 a little 一样，few 指代或修饰可数名词的复数而 little 指代或修饰不可数名词指代或修饰不可数名词。如： * Few visitors enjoyed the trip to London. (few 修饰的是可数名词 visitors) * There is little to be done about it. (关于这件事没有什么可做的了。) (little 指代索

22、要做的事情) few 的比较级和最高级是：fewer ，fewest；little 的比较级和最高级是：less，least。c. a lot of 和 lots of 这两个词组的意思都是“ 大量的；许多的 ”，后面既修饰能可数名词复数也能修饰不可数名词，可以代替 many 和 much 使用。练习：1I bought _flowers on my way home. 2. _ of them have left for England.3I asked her for _paper, but she didnt have _. 4._of the boys has a book.5. Im

23、 busy and I have _homework to do. 6._ student has an English-Chinese dictionary in our class.7. She cant dance_. 8. Tom didnt finish homwork. . _did his sister. 9_of my parents are teachers. 10. _of the students in Class 3 have gone out.11. I have got ten pencils. Two of them are red , the _ are blu

24、e. 12. There is _ in the room. 13._ of the students is afraid of difficulties .14. She held a pen in one hand and his notebook in the _.15. Im new here, so I have _friends 16. We must be quick. We have _time left.17-A latest English newspaper, please!-Only one copy left. Would you liketo have_?18.The bag made in Shanghai is better than the _ made in Guangzhou.