两会热词中英翻译.doc

1、“两会”热词政府注资 pump priming 软环境 soft environment 粮食最低收购价 crops minimum purchase prices 保八 Eight Percent Protection 以人为本 Put People First 农民企业家 Farmer-turned-entrepreneur 窗口指导 window guidance 下岗再就业 Re-employment after being laid off 登记失业率 registered unemployment rate 扩大内需 propel/expand domestic demand 城乡

2、差距 rural-urban divide 基本医疗保险 basic medical insurance 家电下乡 Home appliances going to the countryside 教育公平 Equal Access to Education “三农“Issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area 农村留守人口 Rural Left-Behind Population 提案 proposal 职业资格 vocational qualification 精神疾病 mental illness 防卫过当 excessive defense

3、选举舞弊 electoral fraud 违纪 disciplinary violation/offense 黄金时段 prime time 过滤软件 filtering software 交通协管员 traffic warden 求救呼叫 mayday call 飚车 drag racing 流感“二代”病例 domestic flu case 综合能力 all-round ability 冒名顶替 identity theft “牵线”帮忙 pull strings 艳照 sex picture 产前性别选择 prenatal gender selection 权宜之计 half-meas

4、ure 巡回演出 road show 零和博弈 zero-sum game 先天免疫 natural immunity 低空飞行 flyover 猪流感 swine flu 青年发展协助 youth outreach 测谎考验 straight-face test 预先禁令 Preliminary injunction 强弱排序 pecking order 总体规划 master plan 动员讲话 Pep talk 遏制政策 containment policy 联合 tie-up 牟取最大利益 Cream off 人员大改组 Shake-up 幕后 behind-the-scenes 捷径

5、和妙方 quick fix and silver bullet 180 度大转弯 about-face 婴儿潮 baby boom 审批程序 vetting process 有罪答辩 guilty plea 分组讨论 panel discussion 政务透明 administrative transparency 统计公报 statistical communiqu 流失文物 looted relics 躲猫猫 hide-and-seek 双轨机制 double-track mechanism 真人秀 reality show 典型代表 Poster child 试点计划 pilot pro

6、gram 基层社区 grassroots community 拇指规则 rule of thumb 报废卫星 defunct satellite 干旱期 dry spell长句推进两国关系 to boost relations between the two countries把中日关系纳入到一个长期、健康、稳定发展的轨道 to place the Sino-Japanese bilateral relations on a long-term, health and stable development track完善交流机制 to improve the mechanism of exch

7、anges东海问题 the East China Sea issue就某个问题达成共识 to reach consensus on an issue本着冷静、公正、客观、科学的态度开展协作调查 to conduct coordinated investigation in a cool-headed, fair, objective and scientific manner中日两国食品安全合作的长效机制 a long-term China-Japan food safety cooperation mechanism致力于与非洲国家发展新型战略伙伴关系 committed to a new

8、strategic partnership with African countries真诚友好、平等相待、相互支持、共同发展 sincerity, friendship, equality, mutual support, and common development将他们的资源优势化为发展优势 to translate their advantages in resources into advantages in development把潜在的优势变为现实的优势 to translate the potential advantages into real advantages温室气体排

9、放和气候变化 greenhouse gas emission and climate change占据道义的制高点 to take on moral high ground不能只讲总量不讲人均，不能只讲当前不看历史，不能只讲生产不讲消费 to look at not only the aggregate, but also per capita figures, not only the present but also the history, not only production but also consumption中国在执行死刑制度的时候是十分谨慎的，采取了非常认真、负责的态度 C

10、hinas position on death penalty is very prudent, serious and responsible收回死刑的核准权 to take back the power of reviewing death penalty战略协作伙伴关系 strategic partnership of cooperation中俄睦邻友好合作条约 Sino-Russian Good-Neighborly Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation进一步加强高层交流机制 to further boost high-level contacts

11、and exchanges加大在对方核心利益上的彼此支持 to enhance support for each other, particularly on issues concerning each others core interests进一步推进经贸合作 to expand trade and economic cooperation扩大人文交流 to enhance exchanges in humanistic sectors“俄语年” “year of Russian language“汉语年” “year of Chinese language“把奥运会政治化 to pol

12、iticize the Olympics非政治化是奥林匹克宪章所规定的 Non-politicization has been provided for in the Olympic Charter体育强国 a world sports power体育大国 a major sports country打破世界纪录 to break a world record采取一系列有力措施 to take a full range of effective measures今后五年，国际形势将会变得更加复杂，其中有积极的因素，也有消极的因素。 The international situation wil

13、l become more complex in next five years with both positive and negative factors.化挑战为机遇，变机遇为现实 to meet challenges and translate them into opportunities, and opportunities into reality全面合作伙伴关系 comprehensive and cooperative partnership朝鲜半岛核问题 Korean Peninsula nuclear issue实现半岛无核化 to realize Korean Pen

14、insula denuclearization保持半岛的和平稳定 to maintain peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula实现东北亚的和谐 to achieve harmony in northeast Asia进一步扩大双方在经贸、科技、文化、教育、卫生等各个领域的合作 to deepen cooperation in science and technology, culture, education and health sectors加强在国际和地区事务上的沟通、协调和合作 to step up coordination in in

15、ternational and regional affairs符合两国人民根本利益 in line with the fundamental interests of the two peoples推进四方会谈 to push forward the six-party talks中国愿意在平等和相互尊重的基础上同美国进行*对话 China is ready to hold human rights dialogue with the US side on the basis of equality and mutual respect坚决反对固守“冷战” 思维 be strongly op

16、posed to the practices of clinging to the Cold War mentality以意识形态划线 to draw lines according to ideology在人权问题上搞对抗、搞双重标准 to launch confrontation and exercise double standards on human rights issues利用人权问题干涉中国内政 to interfere in Chinas domestic affairs in the name of human rights经济全球化 economic globalizat

17、ion外资企业 foreign companies中外合资企业 Sino-foreign joint ventures货物贸易顺差 surplus in commodity trade服务贸易顺差 surplus in service trade贸易逆差 trade deficit贸易顺差 trade surplus有特色、高水平的奥运会 unique, well-run Olympic Games加强国际合作，创造良好环境 to strengthen cooperation with the international community and create an excellent en

18、vironment促进中国经济社会发展 to promote Chinas economic and social development增进中国人民同世界各国人民的友谊与合作 to increase friendship and cooperation between Chinese and the peoples of other countries粮食总产量 grain output第三大贸易国 the third largest trading nation世界第四大经济体 worlds fourth largest economy国家税收 government revenue外汇储备

19、 foreign exchange reserves更加开放的经济体 more open economy纠正招商引资中违法违规的做法 to correct illegal practices for attracting foreign investment限制和禁止高耗能、高排放和部分资源性外资项目 to limit or ban foreign investment in projects that are energy intensive or highly polluting, limit or ban foreign investment in some areas of resou

20、rce exploitation提高重点流域水污染物的国家排放标准。National standards would have stricter limits for discharge of pollutants in key river valleys.节约资源和环境保护要一代一代人持之以恒地进行下去，让我们的祖国山更绿，水更清，天更蓝。Resource conservation and environmental protection must continue from generation to generation to make our mountains greener, wa

21、ters cleaner and skies bluer.以人为本的社会 people-first society廉租房 low-rent house廉租房项目 low-rent housing program经济适用房 economically affordable house二手房 resold apartment小型和中型不动产 small and medium-sized condominiums中低收入家庭 low- and middle-income families高收入家庭 high-income families中等收入阶层 middle-income bracket房地产

22、real estate多渠道解决住房问题 an integrated effort to solve housing problems保持社会稳定 to maintain social stability城市贫困人口 urban poor低收入城市居民的住房困难 housing difficulties of low-income urban residents增加“两限房”供给 to increase supply of reasonably priced housing抑制高端房产需求 to curb demand for high-end housing防止房价过热 to prevent

23、 overheating in housing prices囤积和投机土地和房地产 to hoard and speculate land and houses次贷危机 subprime crisis政府机构重组 government bodies realigning大部门体制 super-ministries system服务型政府 service-oriented government公共资源管理 management of public resources行政权力监督 institutional supervision on the exercise of power邮政体制改革 re

24、form of the postal service system振兴老工业基地战略 strategy of rejuvenating the old industrial bases国有企业改革改组改造 reforming, reorganizing and upgrading SOEs深化国有企业股份制改革 to deepen the reform to convert SOEs into stockholding corporations加强公司化管理 to improve corporate governance从紧货币政策 tight monetary policy稳健财政政策 pr

25、udent fiscal policy宏观经济调控 macroeconomic regulation政府临时调控 government interim intervention经济增长模式 mode of economic development固定资产投资反弹 a resurgence in fixed asset investment货币信贷投放仍然偏多 continued excessive supplies of money and credit流动性过剩 excessive liquidity转型过程 transformation process行政手段 administrative

26、 measures螺旋式通胀 spiraling inflation通胀压力 inflationary pressure抑制通胀 to hold down inflation次贷危机 subprime mortgage crisis经济剧烈波动 drastic fluctuations in the economy经济过热 economic overheating防止经济过热 to prevent the economy from overheating促进结构调整和协调发展 to promote structural adjustment and balanced development减轻

27、弱势群体负担 ease the burden on the disadvantaged group增加对薄弱环节、改善民生、深化改革等方面的支出 to increase expenditures necessary “to shore up weak links, improve peoples lives and deepen reform“严厉打击非法用工 to severely punish illegal employment加强劳动争议处理 to improve the handling of labor disputes加强劳动保障监察 to improve oversight f

28、or worker protection measures就业促进法 Employment Promotion Law 劳动合同法 Labor Contract Law 城镇登记失业率 registered urban unemployment rate鼓励创业 to encourage business startups公共就业服务体系 public employment service system完善再就业扶持政策 to improve the aid system for job seekers“零就业”家庭 zero-employment families就业机会 employmen

29、t opportunities非农产业 nonagricultural sectors失业保险制度 unemployment insurance system劳动力总量大增 a large increase in the total workforce支持创办小型企业 to support citizens to establish small enterprises鼓励自谋职业和自主创业 to encourage people to find jobs on their own or start their own businesses加强就业和创业培训 to strengthen voca

30、tional training and training in how to start a business城乡劳动者平等就业制度 an employment system that treats urban and rural workers equally落实促进残疾人就业政策 to carry out policies to find more jobs for people with physical and mental disabilities建立帮助零就业家庭解决就业困难长效机制 to create a permanent mechanism to help zero-empl

31、oyment families find jobs通过加强就业和创业培训，鼓励自谋职业和自主创业，以及支持创办小型企业来扩大就业 to expand employment “by encouraging and training business start-ups, strengthening job training, encouraging people to find jobs on their own, and supporting the establishment of small enterprises2008 政府工作报告热词国企篇国有企业 state owned enter

32、prises (SOEs)主要产业 core business税收贡献 tax contributions民航 civil aviation所有制结构 ownership structure发展大型粮食基地 to develop large grain production bases国有资产所有权转移 transferring ownership of state-owned assets完善所有制结构 to improve ownership structure实行政策性关闭破产 to carry out policy-mandated closures and bankruptcies建

33、立国有资本经营预算制度 to set up a budget system for managing state capital国有企业资产总额 the total value of assets of state owned enterprises (SOEs)国有资产管理体制改革 reform of the management system for state-owned assets国有经济布局与结构调整 adjustment of the distribution and structure of the state sector建立和完善国有资产出资人制度 to set up an

34、d improve a system for investors of state assets引入国有企业股份制 to institute a stockholding system in SOEs邮政体制改革 reform of the postal service system振兴老工业基地战略 strategy of rejuvenating the old industrial bases国有企业改革改组改造 reforming, reorganizing and upgrading SOEs深化国有企业股份制改革 to deepen the reform to convert SO

35、Es into stockholding corporations加强公司化管理 to improve corporate governance实行政策引导关闭和破产 to carry out policy-mandated closures and bankruptcies加快资源枯竭型城市经济转型 to transform the economies of cities dependent on resource exploitation扩大建立国有资产管理预算系统试点 to expand the experiment of setting up a budget system for m

36、anaging state capital引入竞争，加强政府管理和公共监督，深化垄断企业改革 to deepen the reform of monopoly industries by introducing competition and strengthening government regulation and public supervision严格国有资产转化为股份制企业的标准程序 to strictly standardize procedures for transforming SOEs into stock companies资源型城市经济转型试点 to transfor

37、m the economies of cities dependent on resource exploitation严格规范国有企业改制和国有产权转让，防止国有资产流失 to strictly standardize procedures for transforming SOEs into stock companies and for transferring ownership of state-owned assets to prevent their erosion主辅分离，辅业改制 to separate SOEs secondary businesses from their

38、 core businesses and covert the former into independent companies以人为本的社会 people-first society廉租房 low-rent house廉租房项目 low-rent housing program经济适用房 economically affordable house二手房 resold apartment小型和中型不动产 small and medium-sized condominiums中低收入家庭 low- and middle-income families高收入家庭 high-income fami

39、lies中等收入阶层 middle-income bracket房地产 real estate多渠道解决住房问题 an integrated effort to solve housing problems保持社会稳定 to maintain social stability城市贫困人口 urban poor低收入城市居民的住房困难 housing difficulties of low-income urban residents增加“两限房”供给 to increase supply of reasonably priced housing抑制高端房产需求 to curb demand f

40、or high-end housing防止房价过热 to prevent overheating in housing prices囤积和投机土地和房地产 to hoard and speculate land and houses次贷危机 subprime crisis2008 政府工作报告热词就业篇严厉打击非法用工 to severely punish illegal employment加强劳动争议处理 to improve the handling of labor disputes加强劳动保障监察 to improve oversight for worker protection

41、measures就业促进法 Employment Promotion Law 劳动合同法 Labor Contract Law 城镇登记失业率 registered urban unemployment rate鼓励创业 to encourage business startups公共就业服务体系 public employment service system完善再就业扶持政策 to improve the aid system for job seekers“零就业”家庭 zero-employment families就业机会 employment opportunities非农产业 n

42、onagricultural sectors失业保险制度 unemployment insurance system劳动力总量大增 a large increase in the total workforce支持创办小型企业 to support citizens to establish small enterprises鼓励自谋职业和自主创业 to encourage people to find jobs on their own or start their own businesses加强就业和创业培训 to strengthen vocational training and t

43、raining in how to start a business城乡劳动者平等就业制度 an employment system that treats urban and rural workers equally落实促进残疾人就业政策 to carry out policies to find more jobs for people with physical and mental disabilities建立帮助零就业家庭解决就业困难长效机制 to create a permanent mechanism to help zero-employment families find

44、jobs通过加强就业和创业培训，鼓励自谋职业和自主创业，以及支持创办小型企业来扩大就业 to expand employment “by encouraging and training business start-ups, strengthening job training, encouraging people to find jobs on their own, and supporting the establishment of small enterprises政府机构重组 government bodies realigning大部门体制 super-ministries s

45、ystem服务型政府 service-oriented government公共资源管理 management of public resources行政权力监督 institutional supervision on the exercise of power提高政府工作透明度 to increase transparency of government affairs旗帜鲜明地反对腐败 to strongly voice against corruption财政转移支付 to transfer payments政府采购 government procurement土地和矿产资源开发 de

46、velopment of land and mineral resources国有资产转让 transfer of state-owned assets群众反映强烈的问题 peoples pressing concerns食品药品安全 food and drug safety安全生产 workplace safety土地征收征用 land acquisition and expropriation房屋拆迁 housing demolition职责交叉、权责脱节 overlapping responsibilities and powers not being matched by respon

47、sibilities合理配置宏观调控部门职能 to appropriately divide responsibilities among departments that exercise macroeconomic regulation调整和完善行业管理机构 to adjust and improve bodies in charge of industrial management加强社会管理和公共服务部门 to improve departments responsible for public administration and public services权力过分集中和缺乏制约

48、的问题 the problems of excessive concentration of power and lack of checks on power从紧货币政策 tight monetary policy稳健财政政策 prudent fiscal policy宏观经济调控 macroeconomic regulation政府临时调控 government interim intervention经济增长模式 mode of economic development固定资产投资反弹 a resurgence in fixed asset investment货币信贷投放仍然偏多 co

49、ntinued excessive supplies of money and credit流动性过剩 excessive liquidity转型过程 transformation process行政手段 administrative measures螺旋式通胀 spiraling inflation通胀压力 inflationary pressure抑制通胀 to hold down inflation次贷危机 subprime mortgage crisis经济剧烈波动 drastic fluctuations in the economy经济过热 economic overheating防止经济过热 to prevent the economy from overheating促进结构调整和协调发展 to promote structural adjustment and balanced development减轻弱势群体负担 ease the burden on the disadvantaged group增加对薄弱环节、改善民生、深化改革等方面的支出 to increase expenditures necessary “to shore up weak links, improve peoples lives and d