2016新人教版八年级上册英语知识要点短语句型语法讲解(精华版).doc

1、1初中英语八年级上册复习要点 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?重点短语：（1）go on vacation 去度假（3）stay at home 呆在家（5）go to the mountains 去爬山（7）go to the beach 去沙滩（9）visit museums 参观博物馆（11）go to summer camp 去夏令营（13）quite a few 相当多，不少（15）study for 为而学习（17）go out 出去（19）most of the time 大多数时间（21）taste good 尝起来不错（23）have

2、a good time 过得愉快（25）of course 当然 （2）feel like 感受到（4）go shopping 去买东西（6）in the past 在过去（8）walk around. 四处走走（10）too many 太多（12）because of+短语 因为（14）one bowl of 一碗。 。 。（16）find out 查明，弄清（18）take photos 照相（20）something important 重要的事情（22）up and down 上上下下（24）come up 上来（26）come down 下来 重点语法：（1）Where did yo

3、u go on vacation? I went to New York City.（2）Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.（3）Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father.（4）How was the food? Everything tasted really good.（5）Did everyone have a good time? Oh，yes. Everything was ex

4、cellent.习惯用法：（1）buy sth for sb./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物（2）taste + adj. 尝起来（3）nothing .but + V.(原形 ) 除了之外什么都没有（4）seem + (to be) + adj 看起来（5）. arrive in + 大地方 arrive at + 小地方 到达某地（6） decide to do sth. 决定做某事（7）. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 （8）try to do sth. 尽力做某事 （9）try ones best to do sth 尽力做某事（10）enjoy doing st

5、h. 喜欢做某事（11）want to do sth. 想去做某事（12）start doing sth. 开始做某事（13）stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop doing sth 停下来做某事（14）look + adj 看起来（15）dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事（16）Why not do sth. 为什么不做. 呢？（17）so + adj + that + 从句 如此以至于（18）tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事（19） keep doing sth. 继续做某事（20）.forget to do sth.

6、 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事词语辨析：anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。1anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.seem + 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today.2seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像；似乎. 2

7、It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎 . It seems like a god idea. decide to do sth.决定做某事 3They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与 begin 4互换 。He started doing his homework. over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）5=

8、more thanMy father is over 40 years old.too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother 6.bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.because of 因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，7不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。I dont buy t

9、he shirt because it was too expensive.too,to 太.以至于不能. Mother is too tired to 8go to school.have fun doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣9Unit 2 How often do you exercise?短语：（1）help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事（2）go shopping 去买东西（3）on weekends 在周末（4）how often 多少次（5）hardly ever 几乎从不（6）once a week 一星期一次（7）twice a month 一个月两次（8）g

10、o to the movies 去看电影（9）every day 每天（10）use the Internet 上网（11）be freebe not busy=have time 有空（12）have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈和钢琴课（13）swing dance 摇摆舞（14）play tennis 打乒乓球（15）stay up late 熬夜到很晚（16）go to sleep 睡觉（17）go to bed 上床睡觉（18）at least 至少，不少于，起码（19）go to bed early 上床睡觉早（20）play sports 做运动（21）

11、be good for 对. 有好处（22）be good at doing sth 擅长做某事（23）go camping 去野营（24）in ones free time 在某人的业余时间里（25）the most popular 最受欢迎的（26）such as 例如. 像.这样（27）go to the dentist 看牙科医生 （28）more than 多于（29）old habits lie hard 旧习难改（30）less than 少于（31）junk food 垃圾食品 （32）take care of sb 照料某人（33）look after sb 照顾某人（34）

12、have to do sth 必须做某事（35）get in 进入（36）be late for 迟到语法要点：（1）What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise.（2）What do they do on weekends? They often help my mother with housework.（3）What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping.（4）How often do you go to the movies? I go to the mov

13、ies maybe once a month.（5）How often does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV.3（6）Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping.习惯用法：1. help sb. with sthhave sb do sth 帮助某人做某事2. How about doing? 怎么样？/ .好不好？3. want sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事4. How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句 有多少.5. 主语+ find+ that 从句 发现6. Its + a

14、dj.+ to do sth. 做某事是.的7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事9. by doing sth. 通过做某事10. Whats your favorite.? 你最喜欢的是什么？11 start doing sth. 开始做某事12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式13.full of 满的14.what about doing sth ？ 做某事怎么样？15.not.at all 一点儿也不 I dont like it at all. 我一点儿也不喜欢它。

15、词语辨析：1. free 空闲的，有空的， 反义词为 busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week. 2. How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?3. stay up late 指“熬夜

16、到很晚，迟睡” 。Dont stay up late next time. stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉” 。He stayed up all night to write his story.4. go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.5. find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ：We have found him (to be) a good bo

17、y.find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty.find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ：I found her standing at the door.6. percent 百分数， 基数词 + percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.7. more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当 over. 在句型转换中考查两者的

18、同义替换。反义词组为：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.8. afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。Im afraid we cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事；be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question.Im afraid + 从句，

19、恐怕， 担心： Im afraid I have to go now.9. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词 when.如：I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. -When will you go to Shanghai n

20、ext week?some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中 time 是可数名词，对它提问用 how many times.I have read the story some times. -How many times have you read the story?some time 名词短语， 一段时间 . 表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long. 如：4I ll stay here for some time. -How long will you stay here?10.how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：o

21、nce ，twice, three times 等词语。How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how far 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my

22、 sister短语归纳与用法：（1）more outgoing 更外向 2）asas与一样 （3）the singing competition 唱歌比赛 （4）be similar to 与相像的/ 类似的 （5）the same as 和相同；与一致 （6）be different from 与 不同7）care about 关心；介意 （8）be like a mirror 像一面镜子 （9）the most important 最重要的 （10）as long as 只要；既然 （11）bring out 使显现；使表现出 （12）get better grades 取得更好的成绩（1

23、3）reach for 伸手取 （14）in fact 事实上；实际上 （15）make friends 交朋友 （16）the other 其他的（17）touch ones heart 感动某人 （18）be talented in music 有音乐天赋（19）be good at 擅长 （20）be good with 善于与相处（21）have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 （22）be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 （23）make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 （24）want to do sth.想要做某事 （25）as+adj./adv

24、.的原级+as 与一样 （26）Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是的。语法知识：（1）Is Tom smarter than Sam? No,he isnt. Sam is smarter than Tom.（2）Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? No, she isnt. Tina is more outgoing than Tara.（3）Are you as friendly as your sister? No, Im not. Im friendlier.（4）Does Tara work as hard a

25、s Tina? Yes, she does.（5）Whos more hardworking at school? Tina thinks she works harder than me.词语辨析：（1）laugh v. 说到某事持续多久则用 for; 说到某事具体发生的时间用 in.We visited many places of interest during the summer holiday.Ive been here for two weeks.They usually leave school in July.一般将来时结构：肯定式： 主语 + will/shall + 动词

26、原形 + 其他 will 用于各种人称，shall 用于第一人称。主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他 be 随人称、数和时间的变化而变换。否定式： 在 will/shall/be 后面加 not. will not = wont .一般疑问句： 将 will/shall/be 提到主语前面。There be 句型的一般将来时：There will be + 主语 + 其他 ，意为 ：将会有。一般疑问句形式为： Will there be + 主语 + 其他。肯定回答是： Yes, there will. 否定回答是： No, there wont.否定形式是：There

27、wont be + 主语 + 其他， 将不会有特殊疑问句是: 疑问词/ 词组 + 一般疑问句？When will there be a nice basketball match?milk shake 奶昔 Unit8How do you make a banana milk shake?短语：turn on 接通（电流、煤气、水等） ；打开 10pourinto把倒入a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶 a good idea 好主意 on Saturday 在星期六 cut up 切碎a piece of 一片 /张/段/首putinto把放入 one more thing 还有一件事

28、 at this time 在这时 a few 一些；几个 fill with用 把装满coverwith用覆盖 one by one 一个接一个；逐个；依次 a long time 很长时间how many+可数名词复数 多少 how much+不可数名词 多少Its time (for sb.)+to do sth. 到（某人）做某事的时间了FirstNextThenFinally 首先接下来然后.最后want + to do sth.想要做某事 forget+to do sth.忘记去做某事 how + to do sth.如何做某事need+to do sth.需要做某事 make+宾

29、语+形容词 使怎样 let sb. +do sth.让某人做某事need + to do sth. 需要做某事 Its time(for sb) + to do sth 该是做某事的时间了短语用法：How many + 可数名词复数 How much + 不可数名词 There are many reasons for 句型：Turn on the blender. How do you make a banana milk shake?How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need?Now, its time to enjoy

30、the rice noodles!语法：How do you make a banana milk shake? First, peel the banana. Next, put the banana in the blender Then, pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn on the blender.Countable nouns Uncountable nounsHow many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need?We need three bananas. We n

31、eed one cup of yogurt.主谓一致判断法：1. 不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。2. 动名词或动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。3. eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also.连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与邻近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。4. 在 here, there 开头的倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的名词在数上保持一致。词语辨析：1. turn on 打开，接通（电源，气，水），反义词是turn off. turn up/turn down 调高/ 低音量。2. pourinto 将倒入/ 灌入 into 是：进入

32、 in 是：在内。在 put, throw, break, lay, fall 等动词之后，既可用 in，也可用 into。但 in 可作副词，into 不能。He put all the books in/into the bag. Come in!3. 有关 make 的短语： make the bed 铺床 make tea 沏茶 make trouble 惹麻烦make money 赚钱 make a decision 做决定 make a telephone call 打电话make a visit 拜访 make a mistake 犯错误 make a noise 弄出噪音make a living 谋生 make sure 务必4. one more thing = another one thing 基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词