南京市2012届高三5月英语热身训练(2)任务型阅读.doc

1、1任务型阅读请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格 1 个单词。(A)Social function of public libraries in rural areasPublic libraries are various, such as Popular Library, Community Library, Municipal Library, Parish library and Model Public Library.The public libraries in underdeveloped countries are margi

2、nalized and without any leading role in society. To develop “social function of the public library as an agent of change for rural development, we need to know more about the public library. The public library is the institution that serves a social function as a change agent in transmitting informa

3、tion and knowledge to the rural development without distinction of religion, race, political beliefs, or gender or sex. “Its an education for the people.” The social roles of the public library includes: developing an additional training courses to the rural school, trying to raise the socioeconomic

4、 status, intellectual and moral development of rural populations. Through the different activities taking place: Training courses, productive workshops, lectures on various topics, holiday supplies, etc;serving many people who had to leave school early (very typical of rural areas) by providing adeq

5、uate equipment and personnel to their information needs;facilitating and encouraging reading in rural areas, acting as an effective tool against illiteracy, which in Peru and Latin America is one of the socio-educational problems that we suffer;helping users disoriented and not accustomed to consult

6、 the rural library, encouraging, motivating and attracting them to obtain maximum benefit and satisfaction of their readingsacting as an “Information Center for all”, but not a “Deposit and audiovisual library materials; for use by all members of the Community, particularly in rural areas. What is i

7、nteresting in learning, increasing their knowledge and culture, strengthening their appreciation of life and achieve their ideals. The social roles of the public library will depend much on their structure: Child, Youth, Adult, Senior, and its system of organization: Central and branch offices, mobi

8、le libraries, book bags, methods widely used in rural areas of many countries. The public library is a state institution, and therefore promoted and sustained by it. It plays the role of the public service. It should not be an inert entity, as has happened in most developing countries. Within a cont

9、ext of underdevelopment, public library remains as an institution isolated from the interests of the population, despite all efforts are made individually to avoid it. The public library and the rural development should be closely related, with the support of an appropriate education policy.Social f

10、unction of public libraries in rural areas2答案：71. Types / Kinds 72. Community 73. leading 74. roles75. additional / supplementary 76. by 77. illiteracy 78. gain/obtain/get/achieve79. acting 80. supporting(B)“HEARTLESS”its not usually a word you would want to use to describe a person. But having his

11、heart removed was what saved Craig Lewis lifeand what made him the first living “heartless” man.The 55-year-old had been dying of heart disease. He was told that he only had 12 hours to live. That was when Billy Cohn and Bud Frazier, two doctors from the Texas Heart Institute, US, decided to try som

12、ething new. They removed Lewis heart and replaced it with an artificial (人造的) one. Less than a week after the operation, Lewis was able to sit up in bed and speak to his family, according to Reuters.Lewis kept on living like a normal person, with only one differencehe didnt have a heartbeat. The hum

13、an heart usually pumps blood through our bodies by beating regularly. By contrast, this artificial heart pushes the blood forward with two moving blades(桨叶). If you were to touch Lewis or listen to his chest, you would not feel a heartbeat. If you hooked him up to an EKG(心电图) machine, the line would

14、 be flat.Scientists have been trying to create a working artificial heart for years. Many people suffer (71) of librariesProblem mentionedSocial (74) Popular Library, (72) Library, Municipal Library, Parish library and Model Public LibraryThe public library in underdeveloped countries are not taking

15、 a (73) role in their societydeveloping (75) training courses, productive workshops, lectures on various topics, holiday supplies, etc;serving early school-leavers (76) providing adequate equipment and personnel to their information needs;facilitating and encouraging reading in rural areas, acting a

16、s an effective tool against (77) .helping those who are not used to using a library to (78) the most benefit and satisfaction of their readings(79) as an “Information Center for all” Structures (80) the social rolesSocial structure, Child, Youth, Adult, Senior, and its system of the organization3fro

17、m serious heart disease and cannot get transplants. Until now, all artificial hearts either broke down or caused blocks and infections.But after five years of hard work, Dr Cohn and Dr Frazier developed this artificial heart. It is smaller and quieter than other artificial hearts and can last much l

18、onger. They tested it on 38 calves (牛犊) and all of them turned out energetic and healthy. Lewis is the first human proof that the machine is a success.The doctors will have to work more on the device and decide on a final design before it can be widely used. The US Food and Drug Administration will

19、also need to say that the machine is safe. But this artificial heart looks likely to bring a ray of hope to thousands of patients.Life as a heartless manPassage outline Supporting detailsA (71) in the history of medicine55-year-old Lewis was on the (72) of death. He was told that he only had 12 hour

20、s to live.Two American doctors had his heart (73) and replaced it with an artificial one. That made Lewis the first living heartless man.Differing from the human heart Lewis new heart pushes the blood forward with two moving blades.His heart rate is at (74) with a (75) line on the screen of an EKG m

21、achine.(76) of this artificial heartIt is smarter and quieter than other artificial hearts and can last much longer.It hasnt yet broken down. Nor has it got (77) and infected.Reasons for being (78) about this artificial heartThe doctors will have to further (79) the device before it is massively pro

22、duced.Yet this artificial heart looks likely to bring the opportunity of (80) to thousands of patients.答案：71. wonder 72. edge 73 removed 74. zero 75. flat 76. Characteristic/ Features / Superiorities / Strengths / Advantages / Benefits77. blocked 78. optimistic / positive 79. improve 80. recovery /

23、life(C)Which is the best college or university in the country? That all depends on who you ask. There are several well-respected college ranking experts out there, but their number one picks vary wildly, from West Point to Harvard University. If anyone is using the rankings as the only way to decide

24、, that is wrong for the rankings. Here is what you need to know to use each of them well when considering college choices.The methods vary wildly. U.S. News focus on it and understand that you need to resolve each issue before you can move on. Check if it is an old past emotion and if it is really s

25、till relevant or applicable in your life today. And that does not mean you have to get rid of whatever makes you feel bad (many times, you simply cant). You need to learn to accept yourself, your past, your circumstances as they are, without necessarily thinking of them as “bad”. Identify your succe

26、ssesEveryone is good at something, so discover the things at which you do extremely well, then focus on your talents. Give yourself permission to be proud of them. Give yourself credit for your successes. Inferiority (自卑) is a state of mind in which youve declared yourself a victim. Do not allow you

27、rself to be victimized. Be PositiveAvoid self-pity, or the pity and sympathy of others. Never allow others to make you feel inferiorthey can only do so if you let them. If you continue to dislike and look down upon yourself, others are going to do and believe likewise. Instead, speak positively abou

28、t yourself, about your future, and about your progress. Do not be afraid to show your strengths and qualities to others. By doing so, you strengthen those ideas in your mind and encourage your growth in a positive direction. Apply “facial feedback theory” Studies surrounding whats called the “facial

29、 feedback theory“ suggest that the expressions on your face can actually encourage your brain to express certain emotions. So by looking in the mirror and smiling every day, you might feel happier with yourself and more confident in the long run. Help othersWhen you know youre helpful to the people

30、around you, and are making a positive difference in other peoples lives (even if its just being kinder to the person who serves you coffee in the morning), youll know that you are a positive force in the worldwhich will boost yourself confidence. Now, dear friends, will you let confidence keep you c

31、ompany? Be confident, and 6accomplishing your goals will be just around the corner.Title: The ways to become confidentSpecific ways Supporting detailsRecognizing insecurities Find out what (71) you uncomfortable or ashamed，forget it and feel positive.(72) insecurities graduallyFind out the (73) of p

32、roblems, resolve them and learn to accept (74) you are.Identifying successes Find out your talents, take pride in them and (75) yourself for your successes.Being positive Speak (76) about yourself.Dont make yourself (77) by others. Applying “facial feedback theory”Look in the mirror and smile to gai

33、n more (78) .Helping others Be of (79) to the people around you.ConclusionConfidence helps people accomplish goals and become worthy to be (80) and loved. 答案：71. makes 72. Removing 73. causes / roots 74. what 75. praise 76. positively 77. pitied / sympathized 77. Looking 78. confidence 79. help 80.

34、respected(E)Those who like to play with words are clever, or consider themselves clever. Playing with words in trademark registration, however, might bring you trouble or even a lawsuit (起诉).US basketball star Michael Jordan filed a lawsuit against Chinese company Qiaodan Sports last week for unauth

35、orized use of his name. The company denied the accusation.“We just use a Chinese translation of a common foreign family name and it cannot be identified with Michael Jordan,” said Hou Lidong, the companys public relations manager.Jordan and his lawyer are waiting for the courts reply. But experts ha

36、ve said Jordans lawsuit may be difficult to win.Chinas law states that a trademark “shall not conflict with any previous right acquired by another person.” The “first to use” is a globally recognized principle.In this sense, Qiaodan Sports use of the name is legal in China.But the Chinese companys a

37、ctions may form an act of unfair competition, said Fu Minrong, a lawyer of Xinwenhua Law Firm in Shanghai, because company profits from making connections between its brand and Michael Jordan.A marketing institute based in Shanghai surveyed 400 young people in 2009. About 90% of the respondents thou

38、ght Qiaodan Sports belongs to Michael Jordan, the Beijing Daily reported.Even if Jordan loses the lawsuit, Chinese brands such as Qiaodan are not winners either.The case reflects a big problem for Chinese brandscopycatting (盲目模仿), commented the Beijing Business Today. Critics point out that Qiaodan

39、Sports reputation and sales would receive a big blow, as customers are unwilling to be referred to as common buyers of copycat goods.Trademark preemptive (抢先的) registration is a global issue. In some cases, it even has become a tool of business competition.7Shaolin Temple, for instance, found in 200

40、4 that more than 1,000 brands containing “Shaolin” had been registered without the approval of the temple in the US, Japan and Europe.To deal with that, the temple set up the Henan Shaolin Temple Industrial Development Co, to protect the temples intellectual property rights, Xinhua news agency repor

41、ted.The company has registered about 100 Shaolin-related brands in China and has applied to register “Shaolin” brands in over 100 countries, Xinhua said.Companies with a global vision are fully aware of the importance of trademarks.Although Facebook is inaccessible on the Chinese mainland, it has re

42、gistered two Chinese trademarks in 2011 and an English trademark in 2007.Title: Brand name battlesOutline Supporting DetailsA trademark battle US basketball star Michael Jordan took Chinese company Qiaodan Sports to (71) . The company insists they just use a Chinese translation of a common foreign f

43、amily name and it has (72) to do with Michael Jordan.Different (73) to the lawsuitExperts say that Qiaodan Sports use of the name is legal in China. It (74) to Chinas law and principle.A lawyer in Shanghai says that an act of unfair competition arises, because Qiaodan Sports benefits from Michael Jo

44、rdan (75) .No (76) Experts think that Jordans lawsuit may be difficult to win.Qiaodan Sports reputation and sales would be ruined due to customers unwillingness to be (77) common buyers of copycat goods.The causes of trademark lawsuits and (78) to themCopycatting, which is a big problem for Chinese

45、brands(79) trademarks preemptively, which is a global issueHaving a global vision and raising the (80) of trademarksBeing good at protecting intellectual property rights答案：71. court 72. nothing 73. reactions / attitudes 74. corresponds 75. directly 76. winner 77. called 78. solutions 79. Registering 80. awareness