China daily 经济热词第二篇.doc

1、refugee money（外逃资本）hoarding and profiteering 囤积居奇 business misconduct（商业不正当行为）tiered pricing for electricity（阶梯电价）save energy and cut emissions（节能减排）high energy-consuming industry（高耗能产业）auto replacement（汽车以旧换新）energy efficient products（节能产品congestion fee 就是指“交通拥堵费” 单双号限行：odd-and-even license plate r

2、ule错时上下班：staggered rush hour plan公交专用车道：bus lane快速公交专用车道: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) vehicle and vessel tax 就是“ 车船使用税tax refund（退税，税收返还）individual income tax（个人所得税value-added tax（增值税mobile payment 就是指“ 移动支付 ”illegal business dealing（非法经营）insider trading（内幕交易）corporate bribery（单位行贿）回扣（kickback ）手续费（comm

3、ission fee）contract violation 就是指“ 合同违约”back pay（拖欠薪水）labor arbitration（劳动仲裁）liquidated damages（违约金）late payment（逾期付款）incomplete/unfinished building（烂尾楼）non-owner-occupier 非自住业主price difference（差价）seckilling “秒杀” central enterprise 就是“ 中央企业” ，简称“央企”merger（兼并） 、consolidation（合并）和 regrouping（重组）social

4、 security tax 就是指“ 社会保障税 ” social security fee（社会保险费）social security fund（社保基金）windfall tax（暴利税）inheritance tax（遗产税）financial services park “金融服务区business park（工商业园区）high-tech park（高新技术园区）demonstration park（示范园区）residential land 就是“ 居住用地 ” well-being issue（民生问题）houses with limited property rights（小产

5、权房）dodgy service center 冒牌服务中心guarantee period 保修期正规服务中心 genuine service center正式服务中心 official service center 授权服务中心 authorized service center revaluation of the renminbi（对人民币汇率重新评估）rate fine-tuning（汇率微调currency appreciation（货币升值）appreciate sharply（升值过猛）huge job losses（大量就业岗位消失）second board（创业板）free

6、 sightseeing e-coupon 就是指“ 免费景区电子门票” malfeasant/unfair competition（不正当竞争）warrantee period（保质期）business misconduct “商业不正当行为one-stop service（一站式服务）economic development model “经济发展模式industrial restructuring（产业结构调整）on-site recruiting “现场招聘”asset bubble “资产泡沫bubble economy（泡沫经济）stock market bubble（股市泡沫ab

7、or shortage “劳动力短缺labor surplus/redundance（劳动力过剩surplus rural workers（农村剩余劳动力）left-behind children 留守儿童labor intensive industry 劳动密集型产业knowledge intensive（知识密集型technology-intensive（技术密集型discount rate “贴现率”courier firm “快递公司” 房地产市场 real estate market/property market房地产市场过热 overheated property sector房

8、价 property price/housing price普通购房者 private homebuyer房产中介 real estate agent首付 down payment分期付款 payment by installment月供 monthly installment payment廉租房 low-rent housing经济适用房 affordable housing闲置地产 vacant property现房 complete apartment期房 forward delivery housing商品房 commercial residential building政策性住房

9、policy-related house按揭购房 buy a house on mortgage二手房 second-hand house物业税 property tax购房契税 property deed tax印花税 property stamp duty囤地 land reserves楼层建筑面积 floor space塔楼 tower building一期/二期 first/second stage板楼 slab-type apartment building容积率 capacity rate停车位 parking space住房公积金贷款 housing provident fund

10、/ housing accumulation fund房产证 property ownership certificate炒房者 real estate speculator观望态度 wait-and-watch attitude房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate增值地价 added-value fees投机性房产交易 speculative property transactions房地产泡沫 property bubble商业地产 commercial property住宅地产 residential property售后回租（即租回已出售的财产）leaseback土地使

11、用证 land use certificate商住综合楼 commercial/residential complex地段等级 location classification重点开发区 key zones for development旧区改造 reconstruction of old area折旧费 depreciation allowances维修费 allowances for repairs and maintenance抵押贷款欠额 unpaid mortgage balance便利设施 amenities分租合住的经济公寓 tenement社区 community钉子户 nail

12、 household描述经济危机的词汇：经济危机 economic crisis/ financial crisis/ financial turmoil/financial meltdown经济不景气 recession/ bleeding economy/ depression/sluggish economy萧条期 slump失业 lose ones job/ be unemployed/ be redundant失业加剧 job losses mount/ unemployment climb失业人数 jobless number找工作 seek employment找工作者 job

13、seeker严峻的就业形势 a tough job market欠薪 withhold wage减薪 salary cut信心下滑 confidence slump经济复苏 economic recovery经济危机的影响 the crisis fallout从以下词汇中可以大致了解我国在应对经济危机过程中所做的努力：应对危机 face the crisis/ meet the crisis/ fight crisis重建信心 confidence reconstruction遏制衰退 containing declines减缓衰退 slow down declines安居工程 afforda

14、ble/comfortable housing project安置职工 staffing保八 eight-percent protection成本削减 cost-cutting创造新的就业 generate new employment刺激消费 stimulate consumer spending恢复 revive/ recovery/ turnaround积极的财政政策 proactive fiscal policy减少裁员 refrain from laying off employees减员 cut the salaried work force结构调整 structural adju

15、stment经济刺激方案 stimulus package/ stimulus plan就业指导 career guidance抗风险能力 anti-risk capability扩大内需 propel/ drive/ expand domestic demand基础设施建设 infrastructure construction减免税收 tax relief例行节约 practice economy适度宽松的货币政策 moderately loose monetary policy削减生产 slash production消费券 consumption coupon小额贷款 loans of

16、 small amounts政府紧急援助 government bailout政府做某事的决心 governments vow to do sth.中小型企业 SMEscomplete apartment（现房）homegrown film 就是“本土电影government procurement 就是“政府采购”government purchasing procedure（政府采购程序）实现 transparency in transactions（交易透明）authorized suppliers（得到授权的供应商）CPO（Chief-Procurement-Officer） “首席采

17、购官，采购总监” cost-benefit analysis/cost-utility analysis（成本效益分析stock index futures 就是指“ 股指期货 ”Financial futures 金融期货：futures exchange 外汇期货、interest rate futures 利率期货initial margins 初始保证、financial derivative 金融衍生品 risk shifting 风险转移financial derivative 金融衍生品future transaction 期货交易outbound investment 就是“境

18、外投资”或“对外投资” foreign investment 就是“ 外资land conveyance fees（土地出让金）land revenues（土地收益）bilateral trade 就是“ 双边贸易multilateral trade（多边贸易）compensation trade（补偿贸易leasing trade（租赁贸易credit expansion 就是“信用扩张”credit contraction（信用紧缩）malicious overdraft（恶意透支）credit investigation system（征信制度）year-end promotion“年末

19、促销”durable goods 就是“耐用品vacant property“闲置地产moveable property 动产hidden income 隐性收入regular income 常规收入“隐性成本” implicit cost隐性失业”是 recessive unemployment differential pricing “差别计价unit pricing（单位价格）overdraft limit（透支额度）debit card（借记卡）test screening 就是“试映trial operation 试运行、试车trial and error（反复试验）float (

20、send up) a trial balloon（试探舆论field trial（现场试验preferred workplace 就是“理想雇主incremental cost 就是指“边际成本”marginal cost genetically modified organism 简称 GMO，转基因生物sublet house 就是指“ 转租房屋”migrant population（流动人口letting market（租赁市场）debt standstill“暂停偿债”rate fine-tuning “汇率微调ground-source heat “地热” circular econ

21、omy 循环经济non-residential electricity “非居民用电”energy conservation awareness（节能意识）resource efficient and environment-friendly society（能源节约和环境友好型社会）pre-order 就是“ 预购Sino-US trade tie（中美贸易关系）FDI（foreign direct investment，外国直接投资foreign-invested companies（外资公司）factory-gate price “出厂价格” purchase price（进货价格）pr

22、eferential price（优惠价）market price（市场价）wireless local area network（WLAN，无线局域网）free in-flight Wi-Fi service（免费机舱无线上网）rat trading 就是指“ 老鼠仓light rail train“轻轨列车 ” ordinary passenger train（普通客运列车）fast/rapid train（快速列车） 、express train（特快列车） 、through train（直快列车） 、 stopping train/slow train（慢车） 、nonstop exp

23、ress （直达特快列车） 、bullet train（动车）inflation expectation 就是指“通胀预期”inflation rate（通货膨胀率）investment-led growth（投资拉动型增长）domestic consumption（国内消费）buyout 就是指“ 买断工龄” pay cuts（降薪）buy out 还可以表示“ 全部买进，买断/收购全部或大部分股份 ” buy-in 却也是表示“ 买进、大量购买” timeshare 的意思是“分时使用的度假房”，或“分时度假房 ” timeshare broker（分时度假房产经纪）tunnel-brid

24、ge 就是“隧桥”credit investigation 就是“ 征信” credit report（信用报告）credit file（信用档案）credit agency/organization（征信机构）credit limit（信用额度）rich list 就是指“ 富豪榜” self-made（白手起家的）personal wealth （个人财富）net assets（净资产）ranking list of universities（大学排行榜）claim the prize 就是指“ 兑奖” essential medicine 就是指“ 基本药物” medical refor

25、m program（医药体制改革）grassroots clinics（社区卫生站recommended retail price（建议零售价）high-margin pharmacies（高利润药品）flammable ice 就是指 “可燃冰alternative energy（可替代能源）renewable energy（可再生能源）land reserves 土地储备、囤地；real estate developer（房地产开发商）fake mortgage loans（假按揭）resold apartment（二手房）affordable housing（经济适用房）down pay

26、ment（首付）audio-visual product 就是“ 音像制品” PE ratio 就是指“ 市盈率” price/earnings ratio Growth enterprises board(GEB，创业板)fund-raising of private sector（私营企业的融资）share price movements（股价波动）road show（路演，上市公司发行证券前针对投资者的推介活动）over-subscribed（订单爆满）stand-alone pavilion 就是“独立展馆” exhibition hall（展览馆rich second generat

27、ion nouveau riche（新兴富裕）customs checkpoint 就是指“ 海关检查站”reciprocal tariff（互惠关税）customs union（关税同盟）regional tariff（地区性关税）retaliatory tariff（报复性关税punitive import tariff （惩罚性进口关税）law-abiding business people（守法商人）product placement“植入式广告 ”隐性广告（recessive advertisement）软广告（blind advertising）special protection

28、ist tariffs“惩罚性关税”unfair competition（不公平竞争）trade war（贸易战）solo vocal concert“个人演唱会 ” high-speed rail 就是指“高速铁路” passenger rail lines（客运专线） high-speed rail network（高速铁路专线网）ticket scalper（票贩子）黄牛freight service（货运服务）joint bid 就是指“ 联合竞标” first-half earnings report（上半年财报）listed company（上市工司）wherewithal（必要的

29、资金public bidding（公开招标bidding documents（投标文件）bid bond（投标押金）performance bond（履约保证金）bidding block（拍卖会场）non-compete agreement “竞业禁止协议”insider information（内部消息）confidentiality agreement（保密协议）search traffic（搜索流量local rival（本土竞争者）market share（市场份额）business zone（商业区）economic development zone（经济开发区）free zone

30、（外贸免税区）free trade zone（自由贸易区）back-to-school shopping season “返校购物季”dead season 或 dull season（萧条季节，淡季）繁忙时节（rush season ）转手交易 wing transaction high-roller 指“富人” budgetary funds 指“预算内资金”Small coffer 小金库splurge common property（挥霍公共财物）social institutions（社会团体）state-run companies（国有企业）and state-holding co

31、mpanies（国有控股企业）watchdog 指的就是“监察部门，监督部门” fake / counterfeit goods（假货）consumer watchdog（消费维权机构）watchdog journalism / supervision by public opinion（舆论监督）consumer rights（消费者权益monopoly price 就是指“ 垄断价格price cutting（大减价）price packing（故意提高开价 , 以便藉口削价出售而实际赚大钱）selling price（售价）tag price（标价）monopoly profit（垄断利

32、润）extended edition “加长版” 、 portable edition（携带版） 、special edition （特藏本） abridged edition（节略本） 、pocket edition（袖珍版）extend meaning（引申义）an extended coverage（增加的保险承保范围）liquefied natural gas 就是“ 液化天然气 ”，简称 LNG“液化石油气”则是 liquefied petroleum gas（LPG）page-rank 就是指“网页排名” 或者“ 网页等级” SEO（Search engine optimizati

33、on（搜索引擎优化）real-time display（实时播放）real time information（实时信息）real-time search（实时搜索）sell-off 就是“抛售” 表示股票价格“下跌” 的动词很多，像 dive，nosedive， plunge，plummet， tumble 等这些动词都是形容股票的“大幅下跌”表示股票“小幅下跌” ，可以用 dip，edge down ，slip lower 等。如果要表示股票“大幅快速下跌”，则可以用 crash，collapse，crumble，slump 等。work out a practical scheme（制订出

34、一个切实可行的计划）roughs out a scheme（草拟了一个计划） new investor compensation scheme（新的投资者赔偿机制）bubble scheme（空头计划、骗局）food stamp 就是“ 食品券” “印花税”就是 tax stampthe stamp of the age 就是“时代的特征profit warning 就是指“ 盈利预警 ”“发布盈利预警”issue a profit warning“毛/净利” gross/net profits small profits and quick returns（薄利多销）fat profit（巨

35、额利润）reap profits at the expense of others（损人利已）预警机制 warning systemtax shelter 就是指“避税Abusive tax shelter 意思就是“滥用避税手段” over-the-counter market（OTC）就是指“店头市场” over-leverage 就是经济领域的“过度杠杆化” de-leverage 就是“去杠杆化” commercial leverage 就是指“商业调节手段”short selling 就是我们在股市里经常提到的“卖空” 或“作空”“股票卖空的比例” 则是 short interest

36、 ratioA short sale 就是指我们常听说的“空头交易”down payment 首付payment by installment（分期付款）required reserve ratio 就是指“法定准备金率”flag-down fare 起步价foreclosure 止赎权foreclose 做动词表示“取消抵押品赎回权” credit ceilings 就是指 “贷款限额 ”a windfall tax 就暴利税Anti-piracy 反盗版tax rebate 出口退税price rebate 也就是 “价格折扣 ” quantity rebate 也就是“ 批发折扣 ” g

37、lazing rebate 玻璃槽口sub-contract 就是指 “转包合同”rebound 股市反弹credit crunch “信贷紧缩credit crisis（信贷危机）subprime crisis（次贷危机）credit cooperative（信用合作社/信用社）prime lending rate（也叫 prime rate） “最优惠贷款利率”interbank borrowing cost/rate“银行同业拆息” well-heeled shopper 就是我们所说的“高端消费者” luxury 和 high-end 所表达的意思相近，都是“ 高端的、奢华的Share repurchase（股份回购）pledge-style/collateralized repo（质押式回购/封闭式回购）buyout repo（买断式回购 /开放式回购）bailout 政府救助bridge loan（过渡贷款）或者 emergency loan（紧急贷款）flip 和 clamshell 都指“ 翻盖手机 ” low cost airline 或者 no-frills airline 来表示， “廉价航空公司 ” licensed product 就是“ 特许商品” licensed accountant（注册会计师）