天然气加热器论文：天然气加热器 性能试验 燃气喷射器 助燃风扇 循环水泵.doc

1、 天然气加热器论文：天然气加热器 性能试验 燃气喷射器 助燃风扇 循环水泵【中文摘要】随着汽车保有量的高速增长,环境污染和石油资源短缺问题日趋严重。为此,世界各国积极开展新能源汽车的研发工作。其中,天然气汽车以其排放低、抑制温室效应和摆脱对石油依赖三大特性,正在世界范围内得到普及和推广。在我国,不少城市公交和出租车有大量燃油车已经改用或者正在改用压缩天然气(CNG)或液化石油气(LPG)。作为一种独立的供热装置,燃油加热器已被广泛应用于汽车、船舶等各种运载机械在低温环境下取暖、化霜、冷启动等。随着我国燃气汽车保有量的迅速增多,开发与之相匹配的燃气加热器也势在必行。本文针对国产 YJT-Q30

2、液体天然气加热器进行了性能摸底试验,掌握了其工作规律,并在此基础上进行了性能的改进与提高试验,取得了较显著的效果。首先,使用高压空气对加热器的天然气喷射器进行了流量特性试验。对影响喷射器供气性能的各影响因素,包括喷射器喷头的孔径、孔数：喷射器座量孔及流道的孔径,供气管路的管径和管长,均做了流量随供气压力而变的试验研究。并通过相关的流量修正公式,找出满足天然气加热器功率要求的天然气供气量与供气压力的关系。然后,进行 YJT-Q30 天然气加热器的台架性能试验研究。由于气态燃料极易与空气混合燃烧,故不易在热交换器内壁产生积炭和烟灰,使天然气加热器热效率比燃油加热器高 10%以上,且燃烧时间越长,其

3、效率差值会越大。为了减少高温燃气因流动短路而造成的热损失,进行了在热交换器燃气出口端面增加燃气均流环试验。另外,为了削弱热辐射及传导所造成的热损失,还做了在燃烧室外加装遮热筒试验,其试验效果显著。此外,本文通过自行设计的试验装置,对国产 YJT-Q 系列加热器和德国同类型加热器的助燃风扇做了风扇前端面距风扇罩不同间隙时的额定电压流量特性、额定转速流量特性、以及转速特性等对比试验,并对加热器助燃风扇叶片结构和风压特性等进行了理论分析。在汽车加热器的换热系统中,循环水泵是保证液体式加热器正常供热的重要组成部分。因此最后,本文自行搭建了试验台,对国产 YJT-Q 系列车用加热器和德国同类型加热器所用

4、的循环水泵进行了工作特性的试验对比分析。【英文摘要】With the rapid growth of the number of retained motor vehicles, the problem of environmental pollution and shortage of oil resources is becoming increasingly serious. In view of this, countries around the world are committed to the work of new-energy vehicles. Therefore, na

5、tural gas vehicles are popular and promoted in the world because of its low-emission, inhibition of the greenhouse effect and independence of oil. In many cities of China, lots of fuel busses and taxies have switched or are switching to compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

6、As a kind of independent heating device, fuel heaters have been widely used by automobiles, ships and other transport machinery in the cold condition for heating, defrost, cold start and so on. It is inevitable to develop gas heaters to match the gas vehicles, with the number of gas car in China inc

7、reasing rapidly. Performance tests were carried out on the domestic YJT-Q30 liquid natural gas heater. According to the rules obtained from the test, corresponding improvements were made out to the heater, and the experimental results are obvious.First, some experimental researches were carried out

8、on the gas-jets used in natural gas heater with high-pressure air. There are many factors influencing the performance of gas jet used in gas heater, such as, different pore size and pore number of the nozzle, size of metering jet and flow channel, diameter and length of gas-supply pipe and so on. Th

9、e above aspects were all changed and combined with the research in many ways in our research. And then, the laws were found out which showed natural gas flow changed with the gas-supply pressure through related modified formula, which will meet the power requirements of natural gas heater.Next, expe

10、rimental researches were carried out on the YJT-Q30 natural gas heater. Since gaseous fuel mixed with air is easy to burn, little of carbon distribution is produced in the interior of heater exchanger, and the thermal efficiency of gas heater can be improved by more than 10% compared with fuel heate

11、r. In order to reduce the thermal losses because of hot gas flowing in a short way, a gas current-sharing hoop was added on the exit of heater exchanger rib. In addition, a heat-protection tube was installed out of the combustion chamber so that the thermal lost during the process of heat radiation

12、and heat exchange was diminished obviously.Moreover, the performance researches about different assembling clearance between the rotor blade and fan cover of domestic YJT-Q and Germany heater fans are carried out on the self-made experiment device including the tests of the discharge characteristic

13、of rated voltage and rated speed, and the speed characteristic.And then it analyzed the rotor blade structure and wind pressure characteristics of combustion-improving fan on vehicle heater theoretically.Since the water circulating pump is an important part of the heat transfer system in vehicle hea

14、ter, to ensure normal heating for liquid type heater. At last, the operation characteristic test and the comparative analysis on the circulating pumps of domestic YJT-Q30 heater and the same type heater of German were carried out on the self-made experiment device.【关键词】天然气加热器 性能试验 燃气喷射器 助燃风扇 循环水泵【 采

15、买全文 】 1.3.9.9.38.8.4.8 1.3.8.1.13.7.2.1 同时提供论文写作一对一辅导和论文发表服务.保过包发. 【说明】本文仅为中国学术文献总库合作提供，无涉版权。作者如有异议请与总库或学校联系。 【英文关键词】natural gas heater performance test gas jet combustion-improving fan water circulating pump【目录】车用 YJT-Q30 液体天然气加热器的性能试验研究 摘要 10-12 ABSTRACT 12-13 符号说明 14-15 第一章 绪论 15-24 1.1 课题提出的背景和意

16、义 15-16 1.2 汽车加热器系统简介 16-19 1.2.1 汽车加热器的工作原理 17-18 1.2.2 汽车加热器的分类及发展趋势 18-19 1.3 汽车加热器的国内外现状 19-23 1.3.1 国外加热器发展现状 20-21 1.3.2 国内加热器发展现状 21-22 1.3.3 国内燃气加热器简介 22-23 1.4 课题主要研究内容 23-24 第二章 天然气喷射器性能试验 24-35 2.1 天然气喷射器试验台简介 24-25 2.2 天然气喷射器试验方案 25-27 2.3 喷射器试验的结果与分析 27-32 2.3.1 喷射器不同燃气量孔参数的影响 27-29 2.3

17、.2 喷射器不同喷头结构的影响 29-30 2.3.3 喷射器座结构的影响 30-31 2.3.4 供气管路长度与管径的影响 31-32 2.4 天然气流量值的修正 32-34 2.5 本章小结 34-35 第三章 车用 YJTQ30 液体天燃气加热器性能的试验研究 35-51 3.1 天然气加热器结构原理图及台架装置 35-38 3.1.1 天然气加热器结构及工作原理 35-36 3.1.2 天然气加热器试验台架 36-37 3.1.3 天然气加热器相关计算公式 37-38 3.2 天然气加热器性能试验方案 38 3.3 天然气加热器性能试验 38-50 3.3.1 天然气加热器调风板开度试

18、验 38-41 3.3.2 天然气加热器热交换器性能试验 41-42 3.3.3 燃气均流环试验 42-47 3.3.4 加热器遮热筒试验 47-50 3.4 本章小结 50-51 第四章 加热器助燃风扇的性能试验研究 51-64 4.1 风机试验台简介 51-52 4.2 试验方案 52-53 4.3 实验结果处理与分析 53-59 4.4 风扇结构及理论计算分析 59-63 4.4.1 风扇结构性能分析 59-61 4.4.2 风机的压力对比 61-63 4.5 本章小结 63-64 第五章 汽车加热器循环水泵性能试验研究 64-73 5.1 水泵试验台简介 64-65 5.2 水泵试验方案 65-66 5.3 试验分析 66-72 5.3.1 理论分析 66-67 5.3.2 试验结果分析 67-72 5.4本章小结 72-73 第六章 全文总结 73-75 6.1 本文工作总结 73-74 6.2 不足与展望 74-75 参考文献 75-78 致谢 78-79 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文及所获专利 79-81 学位论文评阅及答辩情况表 81