新世纪大学英语课后精讲 (5).doc

1、Unit 5Difficult Sentences1. Or the time a few years later, when my hair turned out pink for my senior prom and shed held me while I cried.Paraphrase the sentence.(= A few years later, when I dyed my hair for a formal dance party at high school, it ended up being pink rather than the color I had expe

2、cted, I felt very sad and cried in my mothers arms.)Translate the sentence into Chinese.(= 又如几年以后，我的发型在高中毕业舞会显得不太合时宜，母亲让我在她怀中哭泣。)2. Tears filled her eyes and this time I held her while she cried. Pay attention to the usage of the word “fill”.More examples: and her eyes filled with tears that spilt d

3、own her cheeks (Para. 7)Laughter filled the room. 房间里充满了欢笑。The thought fills me with pleasure. 这个想法使我很高兴。2Translate the sentence into Chinese.(= 当时她热泪盈眶。这次是她在我的怀里哭了。)3. Over the years, wed watched the pine trees in this park grow tall and straight until their needles seemed to touch the clouds.1) Wh

4、ats the symbolic meaning of the growth of the pine trees?(= It symbolizes the increasingly close relationship between mother and daughter.)2) Translate the sentence into Chinese.(= 年复一年，我们看着公园里的松树长得巍峨挺拔，直至高耸入云。)4. She was unusually solemn and took me by surprise when she asked me, “Who will you brin

5、g here after Im gone?”What can we infer from the sentence?(= There was probably something serious to happen, because mother used to be kind, not at all the way she behaved that day.)5. I gave her one of my arched-eyebrow inquiries, then smiled.What does “arched-eyebrow” mean in the sentence?(= When

6、one makes a facial expression by making ones eyebrows arched, one is usually disapproving or doubtful.)Translate the sentence into Chinese.(= 我皱起了眉头，狐疑地看了她一眼，然后微微笑了。)6. What I didnt know, and what she had kept from me, was that her condition wasnt improving.Analyze the sentence structure.(= “What I

7、didnt know” and “what she had kept from me” are two paralleled clauses used as subject.)Translate the sentence into Chinese.(= 但有一点我一无所知，而且她也一直瞒着我，那就是她的情况毫无好转。)7. I felt I had come full circle under this giant pine tree.Whats the meaning of the sentence?(= Under the special big pine tree, what I did

8、 with my sons was just what my mother did with me. Life had repeated itself like a circle here.)Translate the sentence into Chinese.(= 我坐在那里，觉得自己回到了原地，就在这棵巨大的松树下。)8. Holding my son in my arms, I was happy for him, just the way I knew my mother had been happy for me all those years ago when I told he

9、r I was getting married.Whats the grammatical function of “Holding my son in my arms”?(= “Holding my son in my arms” is a present participle phrase used as adverbial.More examples: Looking over my sons shoulder, I saw that (Para. 12)Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.Lying under the apple tr

10、ees, Newton was thinking and thinking.) Words and Expressions 1. cease: v. stop something* Workplace nurseries will cease to be liable for tax.公司已经决定明年停止一切在英国的运作。(= The company has decided to cease all UK operations after this year.)CF: cease, pause suggest* The change in his illness indicates the u

11、se of stronger drugs.症状表明急需外科手术。(= The symptoms indicate immediate surgery.)2) show the way to or the direction of; point out* Please indicate which free gift you would like to receive.她示意我什么也别说。(= She indicated to me that she didnt want me to say anything.)15. awkward: adj. 1) difficult to use, do,

12、 or deal with* Its an awkward corner to drive round, so take it slowly.* Hes an awkward customer (= a difficult person to deal with).* Some of the questions were rather awkward.2) not smooth or graceful; ungainly* An awkward girl is no help in the kitchen.一个笨手笨脚的女孩在厨房里帮不了什么忙。* He is still awkward wi

13、th his chopsticks.他使用筷子还不熟练。CF: awkward it will need surgery.* The patient had/underwent surgery on his heart.18. option: n. the freedom to make a choice* The best option would be to cancel the trip altogether.机会总是留给有准备的人。(= There are various options open to someone who is willing to work hard.)CF：o

14、ption, choice & alternative 这些名词均含有“选择”之意。option 着重特别给予的选择权利或权力，所选物常常相互排斥。choice 侧重指自由选择的权利或特权。alternative 指在相互排斥的两者之间作严格的选择，也可指在两者以上中进行选择。 Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above.1) Now you know all the facts, you can make an informed _. (= choice)2) There must be a(n) _ to people sleep

15、ing on the streets. (= alternative)3) They didnt leave him much _ either he paid or theyd beat him up. (= option)4) Id prefer not to work but I dont have much _. (= choice)5) Im afraid I have no _ but to ask you to leave. (= alternative)19. sturdy: adj.1) strong and firm, esp. in body* Its made of s

16、turdy stainless steel.* He is short and sturdy.2) determined in action* He is a sturdy fighter for national independence.他们坚决反对那项计划。(= They kept up a sturdy opposition to the plan.)Collocation:a sturdy table 结实的桌子sturdy legs 健壮的腿a sturdy friend 忠贞不渝的朋友20. youthful: adj. having the qualities that are

17、 typical of young people* At the time I admired his youthful enthusiasm.一位年轻的总统对国家的士气很有好处。(= A youthful president can be good for a countrys morale.)Collocation:sb.s youthful days 某人的青年时期youthful impatience 年轻人的急躁a youthful dancer 舞蹈新手a very gay and youthful spirit 非常愉快且朝气蓬勃的精神21. behavior: n. the w

18、ay in which one acts or conducts oneself, esp. towards others* He was notorious for his violent and threatening behavior.她的行为总是令人震惊。(= Her behavior is often appalling.)Pattern:be of good behaviorbe on (ones) good (best) behaviorput sb. on his best behavior22. accomplishment: n. 1) sth. that is succe

19、ssful, or that is achieved after a lot of work or effort* Getting the two leaders to sign a peace treaty was his greatest accomplishment.* She is known for her accomplishment in improving the countrys hospitals.2) the completion of sth.* We celebrated the successful accomplishment of our task.他们为了完成

20、计划花了 4 星期时间。(= The accomplishment of their plan took four weeks.)NB: accomplishment 的动词原形是 accomplish。-ment 是后缀，意为“行动；过程” ，有时也指“行动或过程的结果” 。例如：improve improvementargue argument astonish astonishment develop developmentenjoy enjoyment appoint appointmentexcite excitementaccomplish accomplishment adver

21、tise advertisementencourage encouragementDirections: Fill in the blanks with the words listed above, change the forms where necessary.1) To my greatest _, she even started calling me names in public. (= astonishment)2) We are very proud of the _ that we have made over the past few years. (= accompli

22、shments)3) I _ my English writing effectively since I took the English composition course. (= have improved)4) If you want to see the director, you need to make a/an _ first. (= appointment)5) The news that Xiao Ming was accepted by Peking University caused great _ in this small mountainous village.

23、 (= excitement)6) The _ on TV have a greater influence on young people than those in newspapers. (= advertisements)7) There have been significant technological _ in this country in the last two decades. (= developments)8) Dont _ with me. We can always sit down and talk if you do not agree with me. (

24、= argue)9) The Browns really _ their tour in Europe. They kept telling their neighbors about their wonderful experiences there. (= enjoyed)10) We need a lot of _ from each other in order to complete such a huge project. (= encouragement)23. create: vt. bring (something) into existence* The Bible say

25、s that God created the world.会见新客户时给对方留下好印象是很重要的。(= Its important to create a good impression when you meet a new client.)CF: create, invent & make这些动词均有“创造” ， “制作”之意。 create 侧重创造出来的东西以前并不存在，或者指独具特色的创作。invent 主要用于科技领域，指通过思考、研究或实验制造出前所未有、极为有用的东西。也可用于表示“捏造；虚构” 。make 最普通，指任何创作或制造。Directions: Fill in th

26、e blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. 1) Her new trainer has promised to _ an Olympic athlete of her. (= make)2) The first safety razor _ by the company founder King C. Gillette in 1903. (= was invented)3) He _ a wonderful meal from very few ingredients. (= created)4) But I

27、 didnt _ the story everything I told you is true. (= invent)5) The pot _ to withstand high temperatures. (= is made)24. soak: v.1) (of liquid) enter (a solid) through the material of a surface* Youd better wipe up that red wine youve spilt before it soaks into the carpet.2) remain in the liquid, esp

28、. to become soft or completely wet* Soak the fruit in brandy for a few hours before you add it to the mixture.那阵大雨把我淋得全身衣服都湿透了。(= That shower has completely soaked my clothes.)* The rain soaks the earth.25. share:1. v. have or use sth. at the same time as someone else* Lets share the sweets (out) am

29、ong/between everyone.他将同你分担那项工作。(= He will share with you in the undertaking.)2. n. the part belonging or owed to or done by, a person* He had a large share in bringing it about, but no share of the credit.你该分担的费用是 5 英镑。(= Your share of expenses is five pounds.)Pattern:share sth. with sb. 与某人共享某物sha

30、re sb.s trouble as well as sb.s joys 与某人同甘共苦for sb.s share 至于某人，就某人而言go shares 分享，分担，合伙经营26. tighten: v. make or become tighter, firmer or less easy to move* As he struggled, the ropes tightened even more.* Tighten the straps so they dont rub.Useful Expressions1. 温暖宜人 warm and pleasant2. 与聊天 chat wi

31、th 3. 家庭野餐和聚会 family picnic and gathering4. 回忆童年往事 recall events from childhood5. 第一次约会 ones first date6. 给讲解生理知识 tell sb. about the facts of life7. 高中毕业舞会 senior prom8. 出落得成熟漂亮 turn into a beautiful young woman 9. 巍峨挺拔 tall and straight10. 日益密切的关系 increasingly close relationship11. 出乎意料 by surprise

32、12. 一个令人不安的问题 a disturbing question13非常了解 become well acquainted with 14整理思绪 gather ones thoughts15. 患心脏病 have a heart attack16. 开心手术 open-heart surgery17. 有的机会 have a chance to do sth.18. 年少时的滑稽举动 youthful funny behaviors19. 编织的回忆 create memories20. 自豪地微笑 smile with pride21. 难得又特别的待遇 a rare and special treat22与分享 share sth. with sb.23. 在微风中摇曳 sway in the breeze