考研基础写作13版本(学生).doc

1、2012 年海天考研基础写作遣词造句写作中的遣词 准确（词性 词义）广博知识 广泛合作 广大群众 广为人知 宽广心胸 丰富（1）一般具体Some books are good.not+形容词（2）普通词 高级词表达观点 think， believe表达重要性 important常见的普通词汇转化为高级词汇（3）主观 客观知识点：限定词的使用能使论述更加客观，适度，避免观点的绝对化，提高说服力和信度。 A nations prosperity depends on the next generation.知识点：To a large extent 从很大程度上Cosmetic surgery i

2、s beneficial to our society.知识点：On the whole 总体上来说A diploma from a famous university does not promise a good pay.写作中的造句句子的准确一、避免语法方面的错误1.结构不完整，例如：误：We congratulated to him.误：Do you like listening to other people to talk?2.混淆词义，例如误：He raised to greet us (raise 举起)误: I laid in bed all morning.(lay/lai

3、d, laid 放)3累赘，例如：原句：In China, Some cities are seriously polluted, and some cities are being polluted.4.词性误用，例如：误：Good conditions is very benefit.误：They dont feel nerves.5.主谓不一致，例如误：Statistics are a branch of mathematics.误：The variety of pictures at this exhibition please me.6.动名词与不定式的误用，例如：误：I hope

4、visiting Beijing again.误：I d rather staying where I am. 句子变化句子类型1. 简单句 2. 并列句（平行结构）3. 复合句 1)主语从句 2) 宾语从句 3) 表语从句 4) 定语从句 5) 状语从句 6）同位语从句3. 并列复合句4. 多重复合句句子基本结构1.主语+谓语 S +V. 2.主语+谓语+宾语 S+Vt+O 3.主语+谓语+间宾+直宾(S+Vt+Oi+Od) 4.主语+谓语+宾语 宾补 主语+谓语 宾语+宾补 主语 谓语 宾语 (S+Vt+O+O.C)5 主语+系动词+表语句子连接原句：He has contributed

5、to the security in NY, Victoria , a garden city , has one of the most delightful climates in the world.原句：She knew some German, one of the three most difficult languages. 原句: They struggled forward. They were exhausted. Their steps were dragging, They had to push on.原句: Nothing here indicates where

6、this information came from.句子扩展：短句 长句可扩展的内同包括：修饰语；同位语；时间，地点，原因，目的；从句成分；各种短语修饰语:添加修饰名词和动词的词I graduated from NY University.加同位语含义：一个名词或名词短语对另一个名词或代词（例 he，you 等）解释说明。I graduated with honors/proudly from the time-honored NY UniversityAfter., I will soon graduate from Northeast Petroleum University, one

7、of the most prestigious universities in China.加时间,地点，原因，目的等In 2008, I graduated with honors/proudly from the time-honored NY University, one of the most prestigious universities in America.加从句I graduated with honors/proudly from the time-honored NY University, one of the most prestigious universitie

8、s in China, in 2008,when China hosted the first Olympic games in BJ.加各种短语知识点：Undoubtedly/ undeniably/admittedly, generally speaking/on the whole/ by and large/all in all, as a matter of fact, to be honest/frank/to tell the truth, to be brief/in a word 等短语。I graduated with honors/proudly from the tim

9、e-honored NY University, one of the most prestigious universities in America, in 2008, when China was to host the first Olympics in Beijing, with the hope to apply what I learned to the practical teaching in English back in renmin university.扩句前 vs 扩句后I graduated from NY University.（5 words） To be b

10、rief, I graduated with honors/proudly from the time-honored NY University, one of the most prestigious universities in America, in 2008, when China was to host the first Olympics in Beijing. There is a sharp rise in the number of .1990-2013 witnesses a dramatic increase in the figure句子的仿写Such is hum

11、an nature, that people are willing to sacrifice their higher pay for the privilege of becoming a white-collar worker.Where there is a will, there is a way. Where there is any trouble, there is my sincere help. there is police.Where there is suppression, there is rebellion.Where there is Apple compan

12、y, there are business opportunities.Life is like a box of chocolate; youll never know what you are going to get. Life is like a journey; youll never know who you are going to meet. Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation, have largely been ignored by his

13、torians and philosophers of science. 多年以来，敬老作为中国人的一种传统美德在很大程度上被年轻一代所忽视。Over the years, respecting the old/ seniors as a traditional virtue of Chinese/in China has been largely ignored by younger generation.Litter 这些年来，旅游垃圾作为旅游景点的主要的污染因素一直以来被相关旅游部门所忽视。Tourist litter as major/main pollutant of popular

14、 tourist attraction has been ignored by tourism related administration.throw away rubbish/garbageOver the years, internet and some instant messaging system as the means of peoples daily communication have been regarded as the reasons why people drift apart and end up alienated. 多年以来，自信作为成功的一个重要因素在很大

15、程度上被家长和教育工作者所忽视。 Over the years, confidence as a key factor leading to/contributing to success has been ignored by parents and educators to a large extent 2. 网络导致人们疏离3. 旅游垃圾Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipl

16、ine and more from the internal quarrels among historians themselves.Interst in XX has arisen less throughXX and more from XX人们之所以对小贝感兴趣，与其说是因为他独特的发型，还不如说是由于他在精湛的球技。Interest in David Beckham has arisen less from his unique hairstyle and more from his superb soccer skills.人们之所以对中国兴趣，与其说是由于她快速的经济发展，还不如

17、说是因为其文化的多样性。Global interest in China has arisen less from the interest in the fast developing economy and more from that in the cultural diversity.网络导致人们疏离“十大句式”在考研写作考试中的应用(一)、否定句1、Instead of being obsessed with (indulge in/ be obsessed with/ be addicted to/ playing computer games, children should b

18、e taught how to obtain beneficial information. / how to benefit from the useful information.应该教孩子们如何从互联网获取有益的信息，而不是沉溺于玩电脑游戏。2 我们绝不能忽视知识的巨大价值。On no account(Under no circumstance, by no means) should we ignore the enormous/immense value of knowledge 3、大学生参加兼职工作不是为了赚更多钱，而是为了更好地了解社会。 University students

19、 do part-time jobs not for more money but for a better understanding of the society. 4、一个人的工资与其说取决于他的教育背景倒不如说取决于他的能力和对社会的贡献。Ones salary doesnt depend so much on his educational background as on his capability and his contribution to the community. 5、从营养角度来说，快餐不令人满意。In terms of nutrition, fast food i

20、s far from satisfaction. Be far from（不）6、父母们不能指望孩子们不经过刻苦努力(do ones best/utmost, make efforts, spare no efforts, make endeavor/ strenuous 努力的、industrious) 就可以成才without。6: 学习英语的重要性在怎么强调也不过分。The significance of learning English can never be exaggerated. 7 不可否认的是网络给我们的生活带来了很大的便利。There is no denying that

21、 (二)、非限制性定语从句1、毫无疑问，实用性课程可以用于实际中，这对于他们未来发展是非常重要的。 2、孩子们倾向于模仿大众媒体上的所见所闻，这在有时是危险和有害的。 3、大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力, 这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的.(三)、让步句Universally1、这个观点被广泛认可，然而，几乎没有证据表明吸烟对人们健康有利。2、尽管计算机已经广泛用于课堂，但是它不能取代教师的作用。 3、虽然这个观点听起来有道理，但是它经不住分析 4、. 尽管汽车给人们的生活带来了许多便利，但是也产生了一系列严重的问题。(四)、It 引导的句子It is + adj./

22、n. to do / that 1、很难想象如果现代社会没有了计算机，我们的生活会变成什么样子。 2、可想而知，积极参加体育活动有利于身体健康。 3、女性是否应该参军是一个非常有争议的问题。 4、 人们普遍认为，水和空气对人类不可缺少。 5、保护濒危的动物物种免遭残杀是必需的。 6、该是政府采取有效措施来解决这些问题的时候了 7、现代人很容易通过互联网在几秒钟内就取得联系。 8、关心孩子们的行为方式是值得的。 9、覆水难收。 10、自从计算机问世以来已经有几十年的时间了。(五)、假设句1、如果我们推倒老房子，就要破坏传统的文化和遗产。 2、假如你在家上网，你就会失去与其他同学交流的机会。 3、

23、一旦你变换了现在的工作，就面临着失业的危险。(六)、倒装句 1、只有这样才能妥善地解决这个问题。 2、只有当孩子们付出艰苦的努力他们才能获得成功。3、在校学习不仅为了学术目的，而且还可以学会如何处理人际关系。 4、青少年决不应当盲从大众媒体上的不良信息。 5、时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。 6、如今对青少年最为危险的事情是倾向于过多地玩电脑游戏。(七)、强调句1、正是为了维持生态平衡，人类才应该保护地球上濒危的动物物种。 2、 直到人们患了像非典和爱滋病这样致命的疾病时，才意识到政府把更多的钱投入到医疗上的重要性。 (八)、比较句1、（同级比较）研究表明来自单亲家庭的青少年犯罪率是来自传统

24、家庭的两倍。 2、（比较级）一般说来，现代人比过去享有更少的休闲时间。 3、与不同能力的孩子相比，聪明的孩子在学业和智力测验方面表现更加突出。 4、与明星不同，其他专业人员如医生和教师为社会创造了真正的价值。 5、空气对人类就如同水对鱼一样。(九)、插入语 常用的表达 for example, in my opinion, as far as I am concerned, however, in most cases, to some extent, in the long run, believed it or not, to be honest, to tell the truth, t

25、o put it in another way, generally(broadly) speaking，what is more important, if so, most important of all, to make things worse, worse still, strange to say, in other words, on balance, a new study shows, it seems, some people believe, among other things, to ones surprise1、最重要的是，计算机在世界范围内建立了广泛的交流。 2

26、、从长远的利益来看，提供更多的停车位证明是许多世界大城市切实可行的出路。 3、无论是否意识到，遵循当地的文化可以减少冒犯当地人的机会，否则，就会导致尴尬甚至冲突。 4、有人相信空间探索将会带来意想不到的发现。(十)、原因句1、暴力影片对年轻人是有害的，因为其中包含大量负面信息。 2、野生动物灭绝的主要责任在人类。 3、我们应该把医学的发展归因于动物对实验做出的巨大贡献。 4、由于人口过剩，水短缺已经成为一个最严重的问题。 5、由于当今世界的激烈竞争，大量的年轻人承受巨大的压力。句子改写努力，我们一定会成功.It is hard work that will lead to success.强调

27、Hard work is the key to success. 主系表 Working hard, we will surely succeed.分词作状语If we work hard, we will succeed.状语从句Work hard and we will succeed. Without hard work, we wont succeed.With hard work, we will.It is impossible for us to succeed without hard work.Where there is hard work, there is succes

28、s.Only by hard work can we achieve success. If we didnt make enough efforts, we wouldnt attain success. / make any accompliment.句式多样1 表示“无论”的让步状语从句。 1) 疑问词+ever (whenever, wherever, whoever, whichever, whatever ) 2) no matter + 疑问词2 表示“总是做某事”的句式。 1) be always doing sth.（多贬义） 2) be forever doing sth.

29、（多贬义） 3) keep (on) doing sth. （多贬义） 4) never fail to do sth. （多褒义）3 表示“称呼某人为”的句式。 1) refer to 2) call 3) address as 4) know as 4 表示“愿意不愿意做某事”。 1) be willing / ready / prepared to do 2) be unwilling / unprepared / reluctant to do 6 独立结构 (with) + n. + 非谓语(doing / done / to do)7 表示“没有意识到”作状语的句式 1）witho

30、ut being conscious that without being conscious of without being aware that without being aware of 2）(being) unconscious that (being) unconscious of (being) unaware that (being) unaware of 8 表示“禁不住做某事” 1）find it impossible to resist the temptation to do 2）cant help doing 3）cant help but do 范文中学习遣词造句

31、The picture displays two people staring at the same overturned bottle with distinctively different looks on their faces. While one is crying for the end of the world since more than half of the water is poured out, the other is relieved since there is still some water left in the bottle. It does not

32、 take a genius to figure out the implied meaning of the cartoon: when the same situation is presented in front of us, how we choose to view it is a determining factor. As a unit in society, we are unavoidably influenced by others and something is bound to be out of our control. And we simply can not

33、 expect to experience an obstaclefree growing path, and when difficulties, frustrations and disappointments present themselves in front of us, do we choose to be pessimistic, blaming what is holding us back, or do we choose to be optimistic, strongly believing that all these are just a blessing in d

34、isguise？ As a college student, we are also constantly faced with challenges, such as the possibility of failure we are facing to enter graduate school, and instead of viewing it as the water out of the overturned bottle, we can, and we should regard it as the remaining water in the bottle. Beauty is in the eyes of the beloved, and positivity is in the eyes of us who choose to think positively.