英语语法解析.doc

1、英语 倒装句 倒装有两种形式：一是表语、状语置于句首，而主语置于句末，进行完全倒装；二是只将助动词、情态动词等提前到主语的前面，进行部分倒装。1完全倒装构成：将表语或状语直接提到谓语前，主语置句末(1) Here comes the bus. (2) In she came.(3) South of the river lies a small factory.(4)There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.（5）Out jumped the Santa.规则 1：表 方位的副词 here, there, out, in,

2、 up, down, away, off 等放在句首，而主语是名词时，句子则完全倒装，如：(1)(5)。但是，当主语是 人称代词 时，主谓语序不变，如：(2)。 规则 2：地点状语 位于句首时，为了避免头重脚轻，常将谓语置于主语之前，进行完全倒装，如：(3)。规则 3：there be 句型中，用完全倒装。此时，结构中的 be 可用 lie/exist / stand / live / seem 等动词替代，如：(4)。2. 部分倒装 构成：将情态动词、助动词、be 提到主语前。 (1) By no means can he catch up in such a short time. (2)

3、 He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. (3) Not only children but also adults are interested in the film Harry Potter. (连接并列主语，不可倒装)(4) Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off. (5) Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious t

4、he pollution was.6) Neither did I want to see the film nor did I buy the ticket. I neither wanted to see the film nor bought the ticket.(7) Only in this way can you learn English well. (8) Only that boy can work out the problem.(9) Were I there, they would listen to me. (10) Such a clever boy was Ja

5、ck that he was able to work out all these difficult problems. (11) No matter how late it is, she often waits for him. (12) Not only did I know her, but (also) I was her best friends.规则 1：含有 否定意义 的副词或短语，如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly/scarcelywhen， no sooner(than

6、)， not only(but also), at no time, in no time, in no case, in no way, by no means, under no circumstance 等，放在句首时，句子须部分倒装，如：(1)。若原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词 do, does 或did，如：(2)。not onlybut also 连接两个 并列主语 时不可倒装。只有在连接两个句子且将 not only所连接的句子提到句首时，才可用倒装，but also 后面的句子不倒装，如：(3)(12)。在“hardly/scarcelywhen

7、从句”和 “no soonerthan从句”结构中，主句用 过去完成时 ，而从句用一般过去时，如：(4)。not until 提前时，必须同时将 until 后面的全部内容提前，如： (5)。neithernor 句型中 两个句子 都需要部分倒装。如：(6) 。规则 2：so/as/neither/nor 位于 句首 ，连接两种相同的情况时，所连接的并列分句需用部分倒装。规则 3：“only 副词/介词短语/状语从句 ” 放在句首时，句子须用部分倒装，如： (7)。【特别提醒】only 修饰 主语 时，不倒装，如： (8)。规则 4：在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语有助动词 were, had,

8、should 时，可将 if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首，如：(9)。【特别提醒】若从句是否定句，则必须将 not 放在 主语 后。had 必须是助动词。规则 5：在 “sothat” 和 “suchthat”结构中，将“soadj.”和“suchn.”提到句首时，句子须用部分倒装，如：(10)。规则 6：在 as,though 引导让步状语从句中，名词（不能有冠词） ，动词，形容词，副词提前。1Child as/though he is, he knows a lot .2Try as he would, he might fail again.3Young a

9、s he is, he has won the Prize.4Much as I like you, I wont marry you.倒装句的高考考点：全部倒装：1. 在以 here、there、now、then、off 、away 等副词开头的句子里。 2. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。部分倒装：1、Only+状语位于句首时2.否定副词或短语位于句首时 3、在省去 if 的虚拟条件从句 中4、So Neither Nor 位于句首时5、as 引导的让步状语从句6、特殊句式：1.Hardlywhen2.No soonerthan3.Not onlybut also 4.Not until5

10、n./adv./adj./ v.+as/though（虽然，让步状语从句倒装结构）状语从句as(1)一边一边, 随着。例如：She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.(2)当时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。例如：As I was going out, it began to rain.since(1)自从, 通常主句用现在完成时。例如：I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.(2)句型 It is一段

11、时间since时间的计算一律从 since 从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如：It is three years since she was in our class. 她来我们班有三年了。before1、含义1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.“才” 2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.“不到就3 Please write it down before you forget it.“趁”4Before I could get in a word, he h

12、ad measured me.“还没来得及 ”*for fear that 生怕; 为了防止( 某事发生)no matter (what, when, where, how) 无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）陈述观点的句子Personally, I stand on the side of.就个人而言，我支持As far as Im concerned, I am in favor of the opinion that.就我而言,我赞同的观点。For the reasons presented above, I strongly commit to the notion that.根据上述理由

13、，我坚持的观点是If asked to make a choice, I would not hesitate to side with the latter view for several strong reasons.如果要我选择的话，我将基于以下几点理由毫不犹豫地选择后者的观点。I can hardly side with the latter opinion for the following several sound reasons:我很难认同后一种观点，理由有以下几个方面：表示正反两面看问题的句子对该问题的看法因人而异。Attitudes towards this hot to

14、pic differ widely.人们对此热点话题态度不一。The discussion about.has never stopped in the past few years. Lets have a look at its advantages and disadvantages before drawing the final conclusion.关于的讨论在过去几年里从来都没停止过。在得出最终的结论之前,让我们来分析一下它的利弊。结论性的句子From what has been discussed above, we may safely arrive at the concl

15、usion that.从以上所讨论的来看，我们可以得出以下结论Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.很明显地，是时候采取措施来解决这个问题了。关于社会问题类的句子There is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.毫无疑问，需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over

16、 the recent years.为了吸引游客，大量人工设施被修建，这对环境是不利的。From what I have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on TV has great influence on youngsters behavior.从上面我所提到的，我们可以清楚地看到，电视中的暴力内容对青少年的行为有极其深远的影响。The progress of the society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。There is no doubt that our educatio

17、nal system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问，我们的教育制度不令人满意。Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.对于大学或高中生兼职工作这一现象，校园里进行着广泛的争论。 An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的强烈愿望。