M1U1词汇.doc

1、1 / 22人教版 必修一 第一讲内容 基本要求高一英语第一讲一、直接引语和间接引语二、本单元重点词汇和句型It was the first day for Xiaoming to go to school. After school, Father asked Xiaoming what he learned that day. Xiaoming said: “I learned she, you and I”. Then Father asked how the teacher explained that.“She is your fellow student.” Xiaoming an

2、swered happily, pointing to her mother.“you are my pupil.”“I am your teacher.”The father became angry and said:“she is your mother”“ you are my son”“I am your father.The next day,at class, the boy went to the teacher and told the teacher his puzzle, and he said to the teacher:“She is your mother.” P

3、ointing to his deskmate.“you are my son.”“I am your father.”（教师可以向学生提问 What mistakes did Xiaoming made?- 教师总结：He cant use indirect speech properly. If you dont learn and use indirect speech properly, you may make the same mistakes and will be laughed at.）重点词汇第一讲 Friendship课前预习本讲内容知识讲解2 / 22人教版 必修一 第

4、一讲近似词辨析1. ignore vt. 不顾,(故意)不理会; 主观意愿地不予重视His letters were ignored. 他的信无人理会。 Even the best of men ignored that simple rule. 甚至最优秀的人也忽略了那条简单的规则。 c.f. neglect vt. 忽视, 疏忽(无心地，强调粗心大意 ), 漏做,忘了做He was so busy that he neglected his health. 他忙得连身体健康都无法顾及。 He was dismissed for neglecting his duty. 他因玩忽职守而被解雇

5、。 Dont neglect to brush your teeth. 不要忘了刷牙。 overlook vt.轻视，没有意识到事物的重要性we overlook all sorts of warning signals about our own health . 我们忽略了关于我们健康的一切警告信号。Civilization is reflected in the subtle, the more simple minor , the more easily we overlook . 文明体现在细微之处，越是简单细微的，越容易被我们忽略。 2. join / join in / take

6、 part in / attendjoin 参加，加入，成为的一员；He joined the Party in 1975. 他于 1975 年入党了。join in 参加（活动）May I joined in your discussion?我能参与你们的讨论吗？take part in 参与，参加（群众性）活动，持积极态度A lot of students took part in the thorough cleaning yesterday.许多同学参加了昨天的大扫除活动。attend 出席，参加，定期去（某处）； He did not attend the meeting yeste

7、rday. 昨天他没有参加会议。 核心词汇1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的 vt. (upset, upset)例句 3 / 22人教版 必修一 第一讲1). He was horribly upset over/about her illness. 他为她的病而忧心忡忡。2). The students really upset her. 学生们着实让她烦恼。2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到 n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系例句 1). The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。2). The boys poor

8、 health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。3). Thats no concern of mine. 那不关我的事。重点用法as / so far as be concerned 关于；至于；就而言be concerned about 关心be concerned in sth. 牵涉到，与有关，参与练习 用 concern 的适当形式填空1). The children are rather _ their mothers health. 2). Officials should _ themselves _ public affai

9、rs. 3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留 ; 解决vi. 使定居，安家例句 1) He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。2) The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已定居加拿大。3) The question has been settled. 这个问题已经解决了。安顿下来重点用法settle down/to 稳定下来， 镇定下来 settle in 在定居Uncle George didnt settle down until he was ne

10、arly fifty. 乔治叔叔一直到快五十岁时才安顿下来。 I want to get married and settle down. 我想结婚安顿下来。 练习 中译英1) 都十一点了，她安不下心来工作。_2) 题目这么难，谁能解决？_4 / 22人教版 必修一 第一讲4. suffer vt.忽视His letters were ignored. 他的信无人理会。 Even the best of men ignored that simple rule. 甚至最优秀的人也忽略了那条简单的规则。 练习：请根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式Annes sister Margot was ver

11、y _ (心烦的)that he family had to move. However, she knew that she had got to _(经历) all the difficulties with her family. She found it difficult to settle and _ (平静下来)in the hiding place, because she was _(担心的) whether they would be discovered. She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like

12、 it there. What she really missed was going_(在户外)and walking the dog for her neighbor. It was such fun to watch it run_(松开的)in the park. She wished she could tell her 5 / 22人教版 必修一 第一讲neighbor_(面对面地)that she was sorry not to be able to do it any longer, but she knew that was too dangerous! 重点短语或词组1.

13、add up 加起来例句 1) Add up your scores and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起来，看看你能得几分。2) Tom, what do ten, twenty and five add up to?汤姆，10，20 和 5 加起来是多少？短语归纳add () to . （把什么）加入中add up to 加起来是练习 用 add 的适当形式或构成的词组填空1) Will you _ some more students to this project? 2) Small numbers _ a large one. 3)

14、 50 _ 50 equals 100. 2. go through 经历；经受例句 1) The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。2) The computer has gone through several evolutionary changes over its history.电脑在其历史上曾历经数次巨大的变革。短语归纳go after 追求，追赶 go ahead 前进；请说（做）吧go by 走过， （时间）过去 go along with（与）一起去，赞同，附和go in for 爱好，从事 go ou

15、t 外出；（灯，火）熄灭go over 越过；复习 go up 爬上， （价格等）上升练习 用 go 构成的词组填空1) It is wise not to _ with this plan.2) Prices _ a little now. People are happy.3) Anyway, dont always_ at night by yourself.3.on purpose 故意，有企图，目的地例句 The boy broke Jacks window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack. 那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克

16、。Everybody can see that she did it on purpose.6 / 22人教版 必修一 第一讲人人都能看出来她是故意这么做的。4. get along with 与某人相处；(工作的) 进展例句1) He is not easy-going. Its very hard to get along with him 他不是个随和的人，很难相处。2) How are you getting along with your work? 工作进展如何？短语归纳get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与相处得好/ 不好， 进展顺利/不顺

17、利get away 离开，逃离 get down 下来；写下，取下get down to (doing)开始认真干 get over 克服，摆脱get through 通过，做完 get together 聚集练习 中译英1) 你现在和同事相处得好不好? _2 你现在英语学得怎么样？_5. calm down 使镇定;使平静We calmed the old lady down. 我们使老太太平静下来。 Calm down, sir. Whats the trouble? 冷静点,先生。出了什么事? 6. get/be/become tired of 厌倦的She was tired of w

18、atching television. 她看电视看得厌倦了。 He got tired of doing the same work every day. 他厌烦每天做同样的工作。He became tired of customers asking him the same question.他厌倦了顾客们同样地问题。 7.in order to 为了（可置于句首或句中）例句1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 图的是得个好座位。2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not

19、 to upset her. 我同意她的建议是为了不让她伤心。短语归纳in order that以便（后跟句子） so that以便（后跟句子）so as to 为了（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）练习 中译英7 / 22人教版 必修一 第一讲1 他在大门口等着，为的是在她出来时能见她一面。_2 她拼命干以便能到 6 点时把一切都准备好。_重点句子1.Your friend comes to school very upset.你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。upset 在此处是形容词，作补语，用来补充形容主语 your friend 来学校时的心情。如：He went to bed cold an

20、d hungry.他又冷又饿地上床睡了。Long and untidy, his hair played in the breeze.他的头发又长又乱随风飘舞着。2.I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。grow/be crazy about 对十分狂热；十分痴迷。如：She is crazy

21、 about painting these days. She stays in her studio all day long.她这些天沉迷于画画，成天呆在画室里。Young girls and boys are crazy about rock music.小女生和小男生们对摇滚乐近乎疯狂。something/anything/everything to do with 与有关的某事、一切。不定式 to do 做不定式后置定语，如Henrys job is something to do with publishing.亨利的工作与出版相关。nothing to do with 与无关。如

22、：What he is doing is nothing to do with his work.他正在做的事情与他得工作无关。3.But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window.但是以为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗子。far 经常与 too 或形容词的比较级连用，意为“过于； 得多。 ”There is very little room in the house because it has far too much furniture.房子里没有空间，因为家具太多了。8 / 22人教版 必修一 第一讲It

23、was far more expensive than I expected.它比我想象的要昂贵得多。dare 可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。（1）实义动词 dare 后面接动词不定式 to do。如：I dare to swim across the riverI dont dare to say that.（2）dare 作情态动词时后面接动词原形（不带 to 的动词不定式）。如：I darent say that.Dare you go with me?How dare you say that?If he dare break the rule , he will be punis

24、hed . 注意：dare 作情态动词时主要用于疑问句,否定句和条件从句中 ,不用于肯定句（只有一个例外I dare say，但那是一个固定短语，意思是“我相信, 可能, 我想是这样 ”）。（3）在否定句或疑问句中，现代英语口语常用实义动词的 dare，但省略后面的 to，直接接动词原形。如：I dont dare say that.Do you dare go with me?4. The dark , rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power;it was the first

25、 time inyear and a half that Id seen the night face to face.漆黑的夜晚，风雨交加，电闪雷鸣，我全然被这种力量镇住了，这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。Its the first time that某人第一次做某事。后面接完成时，如：Its the second time that John has had held an art exhibition. 这是约翰第二次举办画展了。It was the third time that she had come to this mountain village to see the chil

26、den.这是她第三次来到这个山村看望这些孩子。9 / 22人教版 必修一 第一讲重点语法 (一)直接引语和间接引语的特点直接引语和间接引语是人们用来直接引述或间接转述别人话语的重要形式，这两种形式各有特点。1直接引语的特点直接引语用来直接引述别人的话语，一般说来具有以下五个特点：（1）被引用的话放在引号内；（2）被引用的话是原话，不作任何改动；（3）引用的话之前用“，”或“ ：”；（4）引用的话结束后，需用“”、“!” 、“?”等标点符号；（5）引出直接引语的引述动词常为 say(说道) ，ask(问道)，shout(喊道) ，cry( 喊道) ，order( 命令) ，add(补充道)，sm

27、ile(微笑道)，laugh(大笑道)等。E.g.Laura said, “I would like to visit China this summer.”劳拉说：“今年夏天，我想去中国游览。”“Mary will give me a nice present,”Bobbie said.博比说：“玛丽要给我一件精美的礼物。”Lisa asked,“Can someone help me out?”丽莎问：“有人能帮我吗?”David said to me,“I have been ill since 1ast week.”大卫对我说：“自上周以来，我一直病着。”Justin asked hi

28、s mother,“Can I watch TV for a while?”贾斯廷问妈妈：“我能看一会儿电视吗?”Jerry said,” Therell be a lecture tomorrow afternoon.”保拉说：“明天下午有一个讲座。”The doctor asked:“Whats the matter with you?”重难点10 / 22人教版 必修一 第一讲医生问：“你怎么了?”The girl smiled,“Im delighted to see you again.”姑娘微笑道：“我很高兴再次见到你。”2间接引语的特点间接引语用来转述别人的话语，它主要有如下几个

29、特点：（1）在引述谓语和被引用的话语之问不用逗号、冒号、引号等；（2）有时态的变化；（3）有人称、时间、地点等的变化；（4）常用的引述动词有 say(说道) ，ask(问道)，shout( 喊道) ，cry( 喊道) ，order( 命令) ，add(补充道) ，smile(微笑道 )， laugh(大笑道 )等。E.g.Mill said that he would stay in China for another year.米尔说他将在中国再呆一年。Lily told me that she had phoned you.莉莉告诉我她给你打过电话。The girl asked me if I could help her.小姑娘问我是否能帮她。Tamara asked Tanya when they would start off.特玛拉问塔尼亚他们什么时候出发。(二)直接引语与间接引语的转换直接引语在很多情况下可以转换成间接引语，此时应注意人称、时态、地点状语和时间状语的变化，同时还应注意不同句式的变化。1人称的变化直接引语中的代词变为间接引语时，要根据句意情景进行变化。变化规则如下表所示：直接引语 间接引语第一人称 第三人称或第一人称第二人称 第三人称或第一人称