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1、1Bain-Template (Detailed)This information is confidential and was prepared by Bain it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without Bains prior written consent.BOS 产品建构的变化与中国制造业竞争力的持续提升 跨越中国版本的模块化陷阱 宋磊政治经济学作坊 中国人民大学2Bain-Template (Detailed)This information is confidential and was prepared by Bain

2、it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without Bains prior written consent.BOS 入导 :林路之 的本 或争 质 ” 自主 新创 ” 政策的技 基术 础林毅夫 授的早期主教 张:中 的奇迹国 : 展 略 改革发 战 与经济 (1994)： 源禀 关键词 资 赋路 授的早期主风教 张:展我 自主知 汽 工 的政策 等发 国 识产权 车 业 选择 (2005)：企 能力 建 革新 关键词 业 构政治经济学作坊 中国人民大学3Bain-Template (Detailed)This information is co

3、nfidential and was prepared by Bain it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without Bains prior written consent.BOS 入导 :林路之 的本 或争 质 ” 自主 新创 ” 政策的技 基术 础林毅夫 授的主 的 展教 张 扩 :展三经济发 论(2004a, 2004b, 2005c)：自生能力 工序革新关键词路 授的主 的 展风教 张 扩 :于大 机 目的 究关 飞 项 研 (2006)： 品平台 关键词 产政治经济学作坊 中国人民大学4Bain-Template (Detail

4、ed)This information is confidential and was prepared by Bain it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without Bains prior written consent.BOS 入导 :林路之 的本 或争 质 ” 自主 新创 ” 政策的技 基术 础于关 ” 自主 新创 ” 政策 的缺失或林路之 的核心论争 争 问题： 技 的理解对 术林毅夫 授教 : 工序技 后 的重要性术对 进国技 步受制于投术进 资( 源禀资赋)(science-based industries)路 授风教 : 技

5、 步的 性术进 渐进 , 依 性和组织 赖品平台依 性产 赖政治经济学作坊 中国人民大学5Bain-Template (Detailed)This information is confidential and was prepared by Bain it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without Bains prior written consent.BOS 林毅夫 授 路 授 技 的理解的共同点教 与 风教 对 术(1)回到技 本身术 ,但不 底彻 ;前者更 向于 技 化的原因在于其自身倾 认为 术变 逻辑(science-based

6、 industries)，后者更强 “ 技 的社 成调 术 会构”(2) 各 的技 特征 均 的将 产业 术 视为 质(3)分析集中在 品 次， 世界 体系的 化不 重产 层 对 经济 变 够 视但是 品 易和垂直不 合已 成 重要产 内贸 统 经 为的 象经济现一个小问题: 80年代的世界经济中的A国和B国 (Lester, R. 2000)小结: 基于上述主流 的技 政策缺乏 正意 上的认识 术 真 义技 基术 础, 一 象广泛存在 于这 现 与关我 成过经济 长的 或管理 分析之中经济学 学 .政治经济学作坊 中国人民大学6Bain-Template (Detailed)This inf

7、ormation is confidential and was prepared by Bain it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without Bains prior written consent.BOS 1 中国劳动生产率上升之谜(1):数据Source: Uni, Song and Yang, 2004a,b 出口 品产 最 品国内 终 费产 本 1975-801980-856.9 4.4 2.82.3 韩国 1985-901990-956.8 13.8 6.1 4.7 中国 1992-971997-0218.5 11.78.6

8、17.17Bain-Template (Detailed)This information is confidential and was prepared by Bain it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without Bains prior written consent.BOS 1 中国劳动生产率上升之谜(1):数据Appendix Procedure and data for measuring labour productivity and wage rateThe productivity growth and the wage

9、 growth of the export goods and the nontradable goods were estimated in the following way (Details are in Uni (1995). X is a column vector in which each entry shows the total amount of output of each commodity.Y is a column vector in which each entry shows the total final demand for each commodity.

10、It is the sum of domestic final demand (denoted by D) and exports (denoted by F).A is the input coefficient matrix in which entries in each column show the amount of domestic commodity used by the industry to obtain one unit of output.a is a row vector in which each entry shows the amount of labour

11、directly required to obtain one unit of output in each industry (persons engaged in production). L is a scalar to denote the total labour force (persons engaged in production). The following two equations show the quantity system in a country. (I-A)X=Y aX=L We obtain from these equations,a(I-A)-1Y=L

12、 (1) 8Bain-Template (Detailed)This information is confidential and was prepared by Bain it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without Bains prior written consent.BOS 1 中国劳动生产率上升之谜(1):数据Appendix Procedure and data for measuring labour productivity and wage rateIf we define a(I-A) -1 = v (v is a

13、row vector in which each entry shows the amount of labour directly and indirectly required to produce one physical unit of each commodity, that is, “the vertically integrated labour input coefficient“. ), vY=v(D+F)=L (2) Column vector D are products of the total domestic final demand (denoted asD) a

14、nd the share of each commodities in this total (denoted as column vector d). Therefore,D=dD (3) Similarly,F=fF (4)We obtain,v(dD+fF)=vdD+vfF=Lvd and vf are scalars. vd is the quantity of labour directly and indirectly required to obtain one physical unit of domestic final demand, that is, “the verti

15、cally integrated labour input coefficient of the nontradable goods“. And vf is “the vertically integrated labour input coefficient of the export goods“. The decrease rates of these two coefficients can be regarded as the growth rates of labour productivity of the nontradable goods and the export goo

16、ds. 9Bain-Template (Detailed)This information is confidential and was prepared by Bain it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without Bains prior written consent.BOS 1 中国劳动生产率上升之谜(1):数据Appendix Procedure and data for measuring labour productivity and wage ratePersons engaged in production consis

17、t of employees and self-employed persons. Regarding self-employed persons, wage income does not separate from profit income. Therefore, compensation for employees in the Input-Output Tables does not contain wage income for self-employed persons. To measure wage cost, we have to estimate wage income

18、for self-employed persons. We adapted employees wage rates in each industry to self-employed persons as follows. Wage costs in the i th industry = (compensation for employees in the i th industry) / (the number of employees in the i th industry) x (the number of persons engaged in production in the

19、i th industry)If W denotes a row vector in which each entry shows wage costs in each industry calculated by the above ways, W(I-A) -1 = w is a row vector in which each entry shows wage costs directly and indirectly required to produce one unit of each commodity. The wage rate regarding the labour di

20、rectly and indirectly required to produce each commodity is derived by dividing each entry of w by each entry of v. If denotes a row vector composed of such wage rates, its weighted averaged andf show the wage rate of the nontradable goods and the export goods.10Bain-Template (Detailed)This information is confidential and was prepared by Bain it is not to be relied on by any 3rd party without Bains prior written consent.BOS 1 中国劳动生产率上升之谜(1):数据中 制 的 成 是一 特 象国 业 长 个 现后 展或技 的一 ：进国 经济发 术转 规（ Amamatsu, 1961 ； Vernon, R. 1966)