5环境保护词汇.doc

1、21汉英口译分类词汇（05）-环境保护词汇21 世纪议程 Agenda 21 （the international plan of action adopted by governments in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil（巴西里约）, provides the global consensus on the road map towards sustainable development）世界环境日 World Environment Day (June 5th each year)世界环境日主题 World Environment Day Themes环境

2、千年行动起来吧！（2000） The Environment Millennium - Time to Act！拯救地球就是拯救未来！（1999） Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It!为了地球上的生命拯救我们的海洋!（1998）For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas!为了地球上的生命（1997） For Life on Earth我们的地球、居住地、家园（1996） Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home国际生物多样性日 International Biodiversity Day (29 Decem

3、ber)世界水日 World Water Day (22 March)世界气象日 World Meteorological Day(23 March)世界海洋日 World Oceans Day (8 June )联合国环境与发展大会（环发大会） United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)环发大会首脑会议 Summit Session of UNCED联合国环境规划署 United Nations Environment Programs （UNEP）2000 年全球环境展望报告 GEO-2000; Glob

4、al Environmental Outlook 2000入选“全球 500 佳奖” be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honor 联合国人类居住中心 UN Center for Human Settlements (UNCHS)改善人类居住环境最佳范例奖 Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement人与生物圈方案 Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme (UNESCO)中国 21 世纪议程 Chinas Agenda 21中国生物多样性保护行动计划 China

5、 Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan中国跨世纪绿色工程规划 China Trans-Century Green Project Plan国家环境保护总局 State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA)中国环保基本方针 Chinas guiding principles for environmental protection坚持环境保护基本国策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection推行可持续发展战略 p

6、ursue the strategy of sustainable development贯彻经济建设、城乡建设、环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展（三同步）的方针 carry out a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection (the “three synchronizes” principle)促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变 pro

7、mote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一 bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection中国环保基本政策 the basic policies of Chinas environmental protection预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first p

8、lace and integrating prevention with control22污染者负担的政策 “the-polluters-pay” policy强化环境管理的政策 policy of tightening up environmental management一控双达标政策 policy of “One Order, Two Goals”: “一控”：12 种工业污染物的排放量控制在国家规定的排放总量 The total discharge of 12 industrial pollutants in China by the end of 2000 shall not ex

9、ceed the total amount mandated by the central government.; “双达标”：1. 到 2000 年底，全国所有的工业污染源要达到国家或地方规定的污染物排放标准 The discharge of industrial pollutants should meet both national and local standards by the end of 2000. 2. 到 2000 年底，47 个重点城市的空气和地面水达到国家规定的环境质量标准 2. Air and surface water quality in all urban

10、districts in 47 major cities should meet related national standards by the end of 2000.对新项目实行环境影响评估 conduct environmental impact assessments (EIA) on start-up projects提高全民环保意识 raise environmental awareness amongst the general public查处违反环保法规案件 investigate and punish acts of violating laws and regulat

11、ions on environmental protection环保执法检查 environmental protection law enforcement inspection限期治理 undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time中国已加入的国际公约 international conventions into which China has accessed 控制危险废物越境转移及其处置的巴塞尔公约 Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Ha

12、zardous Wastes and Their Disposal关于消耗臭氧层物质的蒙特利尔议定书 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer生物多样性公约 Convention on Biological Diversity防治荒漠化国际公约 Convention to Combat Desertification气候变化框架公约 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change生态示范区 eco-demonstration region; environ

13、ment-friendly region国家级生态示范区（珠海） Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region国家级园林城市 Nationally Designated Garden City对水质和空气质量的影响 impact on the quality of the water and the air治理环境污染 curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control 海藻 mostly in polluted waters)工业固体废物 industrial soli

14、d wastes白色污染 white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags放射性废料积存 accumulation of radioactive waste有机污染物 organic pollutants 氰化物、 砷、汞排放 cyanide, arsenic, mercury discharged 铅、镉、六价铬 lead, cadmium, sexivalent chromium城市垃圾无害化处理率

15、decontamination rate of urban refuse垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill垃圾焚化厂 refuse incinerator防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation水土流失 water and soil erosion土壤盐碱化 soil alkalization农药残留 pesticide residue23水土保持 conservation of water and soil生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture

16、; eco-agriculture水资源保护区 water resource conservation zone海水淡化 sea water desalinization 保护珊瑚礁、红树林和渔业资源 protect coral reefs, mangrove and fishing resource绿化祖国 turn the country green全民义务植树日 National Tree-Planting Day造林工程 afforestation project绿化面积 afforested areas; greening space森林覆盖率 forest coverage防风林

17、wind breaks （防沙林 sand breaks）速生林 fast-growing trees 降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources环保产品 environment-friendly products自然保护区 nature reserve野生动植物 wild fauna and flora保护生存环境 conserve natural habitats濒危野生动物 endangered wildlife珍稀濒危物种繁育基地 rare and endan

18、gered species breeding center自然生态系统 natural ecosystems防止沙漠化（治沙、抗沙） desertification环境负荷 carrying capacity of environment三废综合利用 multipurpose use of three types of wastes先天与后天，遗传与环境 nature-nurture美化环境 landscaping design for environmental purposes防止沿海地带不可逆转恶化 protect coastal zones from irreversible degr

19、adation环境恶化 environmental degradation城市化失控 uncontrolled urbanization温饱型农业 subsistence agriculture贫困的恶性循环 vicious cycle of poverty大气监测系统 atmospheric monitoring system空气污染浓度 air pollution concentration酸雨、越境空气污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution二氧化硫排放 sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions悬浮颗粒物 suspend

20、ed particles 工业粉尘排放 industrial dust discharged烟尘排放 soot emissions二氧化氮 nitrate dioxide (NO2)矿物燃料（煤、石油、天然气） fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas清洁能源 clean energy汽车尾气排放 motor vehicle exhaust尾气净化器 exhaust purifier无铅汽油 lead-free gasoline天然气汽车 gas-fueled vehicles电动汽车 cell-driven vehicles; battery cars

21、氯氟烃 CFCs温室效应 greenhouse effect厄尔尼诺南徊 ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation)噪音 noise （分贝 db; decibel）化学需氧量（衡量水污染程度的一个指标） COD；chemical oxygen demand生物需氧量 BOD; biological oxygen demand工业废水处理率 treatment rate of industrial effluents城市污水处理率 treatment rate of domestic sewage集中处理厂 centralized treatment plant红潮

22、 red tide (rapid propagation of sea algae24英语“气象”用语表达法1、气候种类 山地气候 mountain climate 恒风 constant wind 微风 breeze冬季季风气候 winter monsoon climate 逆风 headwind 台风 typhoon季风气候 monsoon climate 高气压 high-pressure 锋面 frontal edge亚热带气候 sub-tropical climate 气团 air mass 热浪 heat wave高原气候 plateau climate 闪电 lightning

23、雾 fog海滨气候 littoral climate 凉 cool 霜 frost极地气候 polar climate 雪堆 snowdrift 露 dew热带气候 tropical climate 寒冷 chilly 3、风的名称温带沙漠气候 temperate desert climate 间歇雨 intermittent rain 无风 calm温带干燥气候 temperate arid climate 大雨 heavy rain 轻风 light breeze热带季风气候 tropical monsson climate 信风 trade wind 微风 gentle breeze大陆

24、气候 continental climate 天气预报 weather forecast 和风 moderate breeze沙漠气候 desert climate 甘霖 welcome rain 清风 fresh breeze沿海气候 coastal climate 冰柱 icicle 强风 strong breeze高地气候 highland climate 西北风 northwester 疾风 near gale海洋气候 marine climate 地形雨 local rains 大风 gale森林气候 forest climate 狂风 squall 烈风 strong gale温带

25、气候 temperate climate 雨季 rainy season 狂风 storm湿润气候 humid climate 雨点 raindrops 暴风 violent storm温带草原气候 temperate grassy climate 东北信风 northeast trades 飓风 hurricane热带雨林气候 tropical rainy climate 东南风 southeaster 台风 typhoon热带海洋气候 tropical marine climate 风级 wind scale 龙卷风 tornado2、气象用语 虹 rainbow 4、浪的名称小雨 lig

26、ht rain 阵雨 shower 平静 calm毛毛雨 drizzle,fine rain 疾风 gusty wind 微波 rippled反常天气 freakish weather 气旋 cyclone 微浪 smooth wavelets北风 north wind 气压 barometric pressure 细浪 light seas冰 ice 阴天 cloudy day 小浪 moderate seas冰点 freezing point 雪花 snow flake 中浪 rough seas西南风 southwester 晴 clear 大浪 very rough seas冷峰 co

27、ld front 顺风 favorable wind 强浪 high seas低气压 low-pressure 闷热天气 muggy weather 巨浪 very high seas25雨量 rainfall 雹 hail 狂浪 monster waves东北风 northeaster 雷 thunder 5、自然灾害东风 east wind 滂沱大雨 downpour 火山地震 volcanic earthquake炎热 scorching heat 暖锋 warm front 海啸 tidal wave风眼 eye of a storm 零度 zero 山崩 landslide零度以下 subzero