bbs.kaoyan.com-笔译常用词汇_农业.doc

1、agricultural and sideline products 农副产品agricultural commodities 农产品agro-food systems 农业粮食系统air stripping 空气清除an agribusiness specialist 农业企业的专家aquaculture farming system 水产养殖系统artificial diet 加工的食物biological agents 生物因子biological control 生物控制breeding cycle 生殖周期capture-based aquaculture 基于捕捞的水产养殖cere

2、al importers 人物进口国chemical contaminants 化学污染物chemical herbicides 化学除草剂chromosomal manipulation 染色体控制chronic hunger 长期饥饿circulation period 循环期coastal plain 滨海平原confined aquifer 被限制的含水层conservation agriculture 保护性农业control diet 对照食物control of foot-and-mouth disease 口蹄疫防治counter-season vegetables 反季节蔬菜

3、cover crops 覆盖作物crop and livestock productivity 作物和家畜的生产率crop failures 作物歉收crop residues 作物秸秆crop rotation 作物轮种crossbreeding 杂交育种deforestation rate 森林砍伐速度degradation and overexploitation of natural resources 自然资源的退化和过度开发depleted and overexploited areas 已经枯竭和过度开发地区developmental stage 发育阶段diagnostic r

4、eagent 诊断试剂direct seeding 直接播种disease and pest problems 病虫害diversified food production 多样化粮食生产double cropping 两季作物drainage basin 排水盆地（阵雨形成的地表径流和地下水流具有共同出口的区域）drainage canal 排放沟渠dung water 粪水early reaction to food crises 粮食危机早期反应emergency food assistance 紧急粮食援助extension systems 推广系统farming techniques

5、 耕作技术farm power constraints 农机等制约因素farm subsidy 农产品补贴fodder crops 饲料作物food chain 食物链food crisis and implementation of the Comprehensive Framework for Action 粮食危机和综合行动框架的实施Food Price Index 粮食价格指数food processing, preservation and storage technologies 粮食加工、保存和储藏技术food quality and safety 食品质量与安全food sec

6、urity 食品安全forest coverage 森林覆盖genetic resources for food and agriculture 粮食农业遗传资源green manure crops 绿肥作物input technologies 投入技术integrated pest management practices 病虫害综合治理方法land degradation 土地退化land reclamation 开垦荒地low-cost technologies 低成本技术major grain exporters 主要粮食出口国market instability 市场不稳定性mech

7、anical tillage 机械松土mixed-farming systems 混合耕作制度mutation breeding 突变繁殖New Stone Age 新古器时代Non-agricultural purposes 非农用途organic agriculture 生态农业organic farming 有机耕作persistent drought 持续干旱pollution-free vegetables 无公害蔬菜post-harvest food losses 收获后和销售信息primitive society 原始社会residues of antibiotics 抗生素残留

8、rural households and communities 农户和社区slaughter animals 宰杀家畜small-scale agro-processing 小规模农产品加工small-scale farmers 小农soil biota 土壤生物soil consistency 土壤坚固性soil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil improvement 土壤改良soil micro-organisms 土壤微生物soil nutrient balancing 土壤养分平衡subsidize food 补贴粮食subsistence farmers 生计农民sustaina

9、ble aquaculture 可持续水产养殖sustainable food security policies 可持续食品安全政策sustainable intensification of rained agriculture 雨育农业的可持续集约化terrestrial and marine ecosystems 陆地和海洋生态系统the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 国际农业发展基金会the World Food Program (WFP) 世界粮食计划署tidal day 潮汐日tillage func

10、tion 松土功能 transfer and use of technologies 转让和使用技术undernourished people 营养不良的人waterborne disease 水源的疾病water carrying capacity of a canal 渠道输水能力weed control 控制杂草zero or minimum tillage 零耕或少耕Eroding purchasing power through a combination of falling incomes and real exchange rates afflicts the affordab

11、ility of food, however cheap it has become on the international marketplace.尽管国际市场的粮食那么便宜，收入不断减少和汇率下降影响了人们购买粮食的能力。The problems of hunger and food insecurity have global dimensions and even increase dramatically in some regions.饥饿和粮食不安全问题波及全球，在一些地区甚至更加严重。We need to take urgent action to combat pests,

12、 drought, and natural resource degradation.我们需要采取紧急行动，与病虫害、干旱以及延期资源退化作斗争。Poverty, hunger and malnutrition are some of the principal causes of accelerated migration from rural to urban areas in developing countries.贫困、饥饿和营养不良是发展中国家农村人口加速流入城市的一些主要原因。Progress should include targeting on minimizing the

13、vulnerability to, and impact of, climate fluctuations and pests and diseases.应该在尽量减少气候波动和病虫害的危害及影响方面取得进展。Natural and man-made disasters can often be anticipated or even prevented, and response must be timely and effective to assist recovery.自然灾害和人为灾害往往可以预测，甚至可以预防，必须做出及时，有效的反应并为恢复提供援助。Food prices rem

14、ained high in many developing countries, and access to food by the poor also continued to be threatened by loss of employment, income and other effects of the global economic crisis.在许多发展中国家，粮价依然居高不下，而就业机会和收入的丧失，以及全球经济危机造成的其他影响则继续威胁着穷人的粮食供应。The bumper crop had facilitated replenishment of global res

15、erves to pre-crisis levels.粮食丰收使全球库存得到补充，使其恢复到危机前的水平。Investing in agriculture is the key to reducing hunger and poverty.投资农业是减少饥饿和贫困的关键。The increase in hunger is not the consequence of poor global harvests but is caused by the world economic crisis.饥饿人口的增加并非是全球粮食歉收的后果，而是由世界经济危机所导致。The present situat

16、ion of world food insecurity cannot leave us indifferent.我们不能对当前世界粮食不安全的形势无动于衷。Investment in agriculture must be increased because for the majority of poor countries a healthy agricultural sector is essential to overcome poverty and hunger and is a prerequisite for overall economic growth.必须增加对农业的投资

17、，因为对多数穷国来说，健康的农业部门对于战胜贫困和饥饿至关重要，是总体经济发展的先决条件。To reduce the number of hungry people in the world, governments, supported by the international community, need to protect core investments in agriculture.若要减少全球饥民人数，各国政府需要在国际社会的支持下，保护对农业的核心投资。A bumper cereal crop is expected this year.预计今年谷物将获得丰收。High fo

18、od prices added to the difficulties of the global poverty reduction efforts and affected regional stability.高粮价加大了全球减贫压力，影响了地区稳定。保护耕地 protect arable land病虫害防治 pest and disease control播种面积 sown area“菜篮子”工程 the Vegetable Basket Project餐饮业 catering trade产业化扶贫 reduce poverty through industrial developme

19、nt城乡低保 urban and rural recipients of subsistence allowances单位面积产量 yield per unit area滴灌 drip irrigation动植物检疫 animal and plant quarantine扶贫 poverty alleviation/anti-poverty effort扶贫政策 poverty relief policy复种 multiple cropping副产品 by-products副业 sideline production改良土壤 soil improvement耕地保护制度 system for

20、protecting arable land耕作设施 farming equipment灌溉面积 irrigated area国家收购粮 grain purchased by the state旱地 arid/non-irrigated land洪涝灾害 flood and waterlogging集体林权制度改革 reform of the system of collective forest rights集约/粗放型农业 intensive/extensive agriculture加强农产品市场调控 strengthen regulation of the farm products

21、market减免农业税 reduce and exempt the agricultural tax减轻农民负担 lighten the burden on the peasants建设高标准农田 develop farm plots that meet high standards节约用地制度 system for economizing on the use of land经济作物 cash crops开垦荒地 reclaim wasteland抗病/虫/旱性 disease-/pest-/drought-resistant科教兴农 invigorate agriculture by re

22、lying on science and education联合国粮食与农业组织 the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)良种补贴 subsidies for superior crop varieties粮食安全 food security粮食产业建设项目 projects for industrializing grain production粮食储备 grain reserves粮食品种 grain varieties粮食直补 direct subsidies to grain producers粮食综合生产能力 overall gra

23、in production capacity粮食最低收购价 minimum grain purchasing prices粮食作物 cereal crops绿色革命 Green Revolution绿色食品 green food绿色证书 green certificate苗圃 seedling nursery民工潮 farmers frenzied hunt for work in cities奶制品 dairy product内陆水域 inland waters农产品精深加工和销售 intensive processing and sale of agricultural products农

24、产品质量监管 monitor the quality of agricultural products农村公益事业性建设项目 rural public facilities农村集市 rural fair农村居民人均纯收入 rural per capita net income农村民生工程 projects designed to improve the lives of rural residents农村综合改革 comprehensive reforms in rural areas农机具购置补贴 subsidies for the purchase of agricultural mach

25、inery and tools农林牧副渔全面发展 all-round development of/in farming, forestry, animal, sideline production and fishery农贸市场 farm produce market农民的积极性 farmers enthusiasm农民工 rural migrant workers农民专业合作社 specialized farmer cooperatives农田水利化 bring land under irrigation农田水利建设 construction of water conservancy wo

26、rks农业基础设施 agricultural infrastructure农业技术 agricultural technology农业科技创新成果推广 expand application of innovations in agricultural science and technology农业科技投入 spend on agricultural science and technology农用物资 farm inputs农资综合补贴 general subsidies for agricultural production supplies喷灌 sprinkler irrigation人

27、均占有量 per capita availability“三农” agriculture, rural areas and farmers社会主义新农村 Socialist New Country side收购价 purchasing price薯类作物 tuber crops水产品 aquatic product水产业 aquatic products industry; fishery水稻田 paddy field水利设施 water conservancy facilities水土保持 water and soil conservation水土流失 soil erosion太空育种 sp

28、ace breeding糖料作物 sugar-bearing crops特色现代农业 modern agriculture with distinctive local features梯田 terraced field土地承包经营权流转 transfer of land use rights土壤肥力 soil fertility脱贫 shake off poverty温饱型企业 subsistence agriculture沃地 fertile land消费信贷 consumer credit小城镇建设 development of small towns小额信贷 microcredit;

29、microloan; microlending兴修水利 undertake water conservancy projects畜牧业 animal husbandry遗传学研究 genetic research议价粮 grain sold at a negotiated price优化品种结构 optimize the variety mix油料作物 oil-bearing crops有机肥 organic fertilizer杂交水稻 中国人口的 70%多是农民。More than 70 percent of Chinas population is farmers.推进社会主义新农村建设

30、，我们必须把重点放在发展农村经济，增加农民收入上。To promote the construction of a new socialist countryside, we must focus on developing the rural economy and increasing farmers incomes. 发展现代农业，推进新农村建设，我们要靠政策、靠投入、靠科技、靠改革。We must develop modern agriculture and promote the building of a new countryside through government pol

31、icy, funding, application of science and technology and reform.农业、农村和农民问题，是关系全面建设小康社会和现代化事业全局的重大问题。The issues related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers have a major impact on building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and on the modernization drive.坚持稳定和完善农村基本经营制度，坚持因地制宜，从实际出发，坚持

32、尊重农民意愿，维护农民权益，反对形式主义和强迫命令。We will continue to stabilize and improve the basic system for rural operations and continue to tailor measures to suit local conditions, proceed from the reality, respect the wishes of farmers, safeguard their rights and interests, and oppose formalism coercion and command

33、ism.我们要巩固和加强农业基础地位，促进农业稳定发展和农民持续增收。We will consolidate and strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy, promoting steady development of agriculture and continuous increase in farmers incomes.我们要切实稳定种植面积，着力提高单产，优化品种结构，推进全国新增粮食生产能力建设。We will effectively keep the area plante

34、d with grain crops stable, focus on increasing the yield per unit area and optimizing the variety mix, and increase the countrys grain production capacity.我们要以市场需求为导向调整农业结构。We will adjust the agricultural structure based on market demand.我们要多渠道促进农民增收。We will increase farmers incomes in a variety of

35、ways.我们要加大扶贫开发力度。We will intensify our efforts to alleviate poverty through development.我们要较大幅度提高粮食最低收购价，保持农产品价格合理水平，提高种粮农民积极性。We will significantly raise minimum grain purchasing prices and keep the prices of agricultural products at a reasonable level to encourage farmers to grow more.我们要现有土地承包关系要

36、保持稳定并长久不变，赋予农民包括离乡农民工更加充分而有保障的土地承包经营权。We will ensure that existing land contract relationships remain stable and unchanged for a long time to come and allow farmers, including migrant workers who leave their home villages, to enjoy their full and guaranteed rights to contract and manage land.土地承包经营权

37、流转必须坚持依法自愿有偿的原则。The transfer of land use rights must proceed on the basis of voluntary participation and compensation and in accordance with the law.我们要启动新一轮农村电网改造， 扩大农村沼气建设规模。We will begin a new round of the upgrading of rural power grids and build more rural methane facilities.我们要着力提高城镇综合承载能力，发挥城市

38、对农村的辐射带动作用，促进城镇化和新农村建设良性互动。We will increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns, ensure that urban areas stimulate the development of surrounding rural areas, and promote positive interaction between urbanization and the building of a new countryside.城乡建设都要坚持最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度，切实保护农

39、民合法权益。When developing urban and rural areas, we must adhere to the strictest systems for protecting arable land and economizing on land to protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.我们要大力发展农产品加工业，推进农业产业化经营，支持批发市场和农贸市场升级改造，推动生产与市场对接。We will develop the processing industry for agricultural

40、 products, promote industrialization in agriculture, support and the upgrading and renovation of markets for wholesale and farm produce, and maintain closer ties between production and the market.我们要坚持不懈地消除贫困落后，让农民群众早日过上富裕安康的生活。We will work unremittingly to eradicate poverty and backwardness so that rural residents can soon live a prosperous and happy life.我们要加强对产粮大县的财政扶持。We will increase fiscal support for major grain-producing counties.