英语六级写作要诀：王长喜十二句作文法.doc

1、2009 年英语六级写作要诀：王长喜十二句作文法第一节：六级作文试题分析一. 六级作文试题分类六级作文从试题角度可以分为现象解释型、对比选择型、问题解决型、观点论证型与应用文五种类型。( 一 ) 现象解释型此类作文在六级考试作文中最为常见。命题主要要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释并加以评论，其基本结构是：首先说明现状;其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因; 最后做出分析，提出建议或总结观点。例如：1.现象解释六级真题(2003 年 6 月)( 二 ) 对比选择型此类作文同样是六级考试中常见的类型，它的标志十分明显。作文题目要求较明确，富有针对性，即直接要求考试比较两种观点或做法，进而表明自己对问题或

2、事务的态度或观点，也就是做出选择。例如：(2000 年 6 月，1999 年 6 月)( 三 ) 问题解决型此类作文要求考生从提示性文字或图表、图画入手，解释提示性文字、图表、图画反映出的问题，提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性; 然后对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施;最后一段要求考生表明自己的态度、做法等。如 2000 年 1 月真题。( 四 ) 观点论证型此类作文往往要求考生根据题目给出论点，按照提纲的结构要求对其下论证，然后表明自己的立场和看法。通过摆事实、讲道理的方式剖析事物，论述事理，发表意见，确立或否认某一主张。如：1999 年 1 月六级真题。( 五 ) 应用文应

3、用文中的信函，也是六级作文设计的试题之一。在这类题型中，考生会读到一个特定的场景，试题要求考生按照这个场景给相关人士写一封短信，并在信中明确表达自己写信的原因、动机、目的和愿望等。文章所设及的内容多种多样，但大部分都与日常生活比较贴近。书信的类型可能变化万千，如邀请信、申请信、感谢信、道歉信等，但是万变不离其宗，只要掌握了英语书信的格式，并应用恰当的句式和语句，就一定能够写出好的文章来。二. 解决方案1. 建议考生分解作文观点，扩充内容。2. 建议考生在写作时只选择自己能够驾奴的句式和词语。3. 建议考生在文章中长短句搭配使用，用短句表达观点，长句推理分析。4. 建议考生选用作文模板，限定文章

4、逻辑结构。5. 建议考生采用固定的句式，限定文章的字数。第二节：写作技巧及作文结构安排一. 写作技巧。1. 根据文章大意判断作文题型。2. 各种题型的写作方法。现象解释型：基本方法为：描述现象分析原因对现象做出预测或如何促进(限制)这种现象的进一步发展。对比选择型：基本方法为：阐述一种观点或态度并表明这种观点或态度正确的理由;阐述第二种(相对或相反的)观点或态度并说明这种观点或态度正确的理由 ;表明个人支持或反对以上观点或态度，并说明原因。问题解决型：基本方法为：提出问题分析问题解决问题。观点论证型：基本方法为：分析主题得出结论举例论证得出结论(证明观点的正确性)。应用文基本方法为：分析所给情

5、景选择写作方法。3. 三段式作文的结构安排题型 第一段 第二段 第三段现象解释型 描述现象 说明现象产生的原因 表明个人态度或阐述个人做法对比选择型 表明一方或双方由的观点及理 表明另一方的观点及理由，指出双方观点不足之处及理由 表明个人态度或阐述个人做法问题解决型 提出问题 分析问题，给出解决方案 表明个人态度或阐述个人做法观点论证型 提出论点 例证论点 得出结论或表明个人看法或做法应用文 描述事实 阐述原因 表明观点或提出建议第三节：十二句作文法写作模板一. 现象解释型写作模板1. 现象解释型模板一Tojpic sentencehas become a common part of peo

6、ples life.Andhas always aroused the greatest concern.what impresses us most is .The reasonsare varied. 信息提示1空格内用概括性的词语填出最近出现的总体现象。2.空格内填题目要去讨论的具体现象3.现象的具体表现 4.过度句，填现象或现象带来的后果，为下文分析产生的原因做铺垫。5. Among the various reasons,plays an important role.6.That is to say,7.What is more,8.For example, 5原因之一。6.具体说

7、明原因一。7 原因二。8 举例说明原因二9When talking about ，10On the one hand11On the other hand, 12In brief, 9.空格一填作者要讨论的现象，空格二填作者的看法。10.支持看法的理由一或说明看法的第一个方面。11.理由二或第二个方面。12.总结。2003 年 9 月真题Reading regularly has long become a common part of peoples life. And reading preference has always aroused the greatest concern. W

8、hat impresses us most is according to the table, the percentage of book circulation in an American university library, which shows that the circulation of popular fictions, general nonfictions, science/technology/education books and art/ literature/poetry books accounts for 65.9%,18.2%,10.8%and 5.1%

9、 respectively. The reasons for the phenomenon are varied.Among the various reasons, the appealing content of the popular fictions plays an important part. That is to say, thanks to its appealing plot, popular fictions attract more people than other types of books do. What is more, science and art bo

10、oks which require readers knowledge on relevant fields are highly demanding. For example, its hard for students majoring in chemistry to understand Brownings poems, and vice versa.When talking about my reading preference, I think I prefer to science books. On the one hand, in order to deepen what Im

11、 specializing in, I need read more books relevant to my major. On the other hand, these books can also broaden our horizons. In brief, college students should choose books according to their interests and needs.1. 现象解释型模板二1.We have witnessed 2.According to ， 3.And 4.Many reasons contribute to 1空格内填最

12、近出现的总体现象。2.空格一根据题目填 the chart,thereport 等，空格二内填现象的具体表现一。3.现象的具体表现二 4.过度句，填现象或现象带来的后果，为下文分析产生的原因做铺垫。5. To begin with ,.6.More over,7.In addition ,8.As a result , 5原因之一。6. 原因二。7 原因三。8 原因导致的结果。9.As to me,，10.First of all,11.Besides,12.To conclude, 9.空格内填作者对现象的看法。10.支持看法的理由一。11.理由二。12.总结。We have witness

13、ed that college students vary in reading preference. According to the table of the percentage of book circulation in an American university library, the circulation of popular fictions and general nonfictions accounts for 65.9% and 18.2% respectively. And the table shows that the circulation of scie

14、nce/technology/education books and art/ literature/poetry books is 10.8%and 5.1% respectively. Many reasons contribute to this phenomenon.To begin with, popular fictions usually possess more appealing plot than ther types of books do, so many readers are attracted by popular fictions. Moreover, popu

15、lar fictions and general nonfictions are easier to be understood. In addition, science and art books demand certain knowledge in special field of study. As a result, more students tend to choose popular fictions and general nonfictions.As to me, Im in favor of books of science and technology. First

16、of all, in order to deepen what Im leaning, I need read more books relevant to my major and observe the new development in science and technology circles. Besides, there books can also broaden my vision. To conclude, college students should choose books according to their interests and needs.1. 现象解释

17、型模板三1. has been brought into focus.2.Nowdays,.3.In addition, .4.Many reasons contribute to 1空格内填最近出现的总体现象。2.空格内填现象的具体表现一。3.现象的具体表现二 4.过度句到分析原因。5. Generally speaking ,.6.First of all,7.More over,8.Therefore , 5承上启下开始列举原因6. 原因之一。7 原因二。8 对原因一二进行总结。9.As far as I am concerned,，10.As we known ,11.Furtherm

18、ore,12.In a word, 9.空格内填作者对现象的看法。 10.支持看法的理由一。11.理由二。12.总结。此类型真题有 2002 年 6 月、1996 年 6 月。一. 对比选择型作文模板1. 模板一1.Different people have different views on2. Some people perfer,.3. Others tend to, .4.As to me, I agree with /to 1开门见山直入主体，表明对某事人们的不同看法。2表明一部分人的看法。3另一部分的看法。4作者的看法。5. Of course,.6.For example,7.

19、But, 8.The following reasons can account for my preference5承认自己不赞同的看法有一定的合理性。6. 举例说明支持第五句。7 转折指出这种观点的不足。8 启下句过度到下段具体阐述自己所支持的观点的理由。9.The main reason is .10.A good example to illustrate is 11.Fur another,12.From the foregoing,9.支持观点的理由一。10. 举例说明理由一。11.理由二。12.总结全文，从长远看来。2002 年 6 月真题：Is a test of spoken

20、 necessary?A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET). Different people have different views on it. Some prefer to have such a test. Others tend to decline any kind of test of spoken English. As to me, I agree with the first statement.Of cour

21、se, a test of spoken English is very difficult to handle and the test time is not long enough to fully display participants ability to spoken in English. For example, if a candidate draws a topic which he of she is not familiar with, its hard to show his or her command of spoken English. But without

22、 such a test, some people may not have motivation to practise spoken English. The following reasons can account for my preference.The main reason is that such a test enhances college students awareness of the importance of spoken English. A good example to illustrate is that several years ago, colle

23、ge students only stressed reading and writing skills, ignoring to building up listening and speaking ability. For another, a certificate of such a test will make job-hunting easier. From the foregoing, I think a test of spoken English is of necessity.1. 模板二(1999 年 6 月真题 )1.There is no complete agree

24、ment among people as to 2. Some people consider,.3. However, others think, .4.Some people may say 5. They hold this opinion because.6. However, others believe,7.They argue that,8.Personally,I am in favor of the9. Firstly, . 10.Secondly,11.Most important of all 12.Taking above-mentioned factors into

25、consideration, we/I may reasonably conclude that 1开门见山直入主体，表明对某事人们的不同看法。2表明一部分人的看法。3另一部分的看法。4观点一的理由。5深入阐述观点一的理由。6. 观点二的理由。7 深入阐述观点二的理由。8 我的看法。9.个人看法依据一。10. 个人看法依据二。11. 个人看法依据三。12.总结全文。模板三 1. When asked about ,different people will offer different opinions.2. Some people take it for granted that.3. I

26、n their opinion, .4. Besides 5. However, others hold.6.They maitain7.And8.Weighing up these arguments, I am for9. For one thing. 10.For anther,11.For instance,12.Therefore, as stated above 1开门见山直入主体，表明对某事人们的不同看法。2提出观点一。3观点一的理由一。4观点一的理由二5提出观点二。6. 观点二的理由一。7 观点二的理由二。8 我的观点。9.个人观点理由一。10. 个人观点理由二。11. 举例说

27、明。12.综上所述再次强调自己的观点。Is a test of spoken necessary?A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET). When talking about it, different people will offer different opinions. Some people take it for granted that college students should take a test of sp

28、oken English. In their opinion, it is good chance for them to test their spoken English. Besides, it also make them know the importance of the spoken English.However, others hold that a test of spoken English is unnecessary in the university and colleges. They maintain that college students practice

29、 of spoken English is not for testing but for daily use. And they think it is hard to manage such a subjective test.Weighing up these two arguments, I am for the first point of view. For one thing, spoken English is very important. For another, a test of spoken English can guide and supervise studen

30、ts to make conversation practice. For instance, when choosing books and other materials, students can pick them according to the bands of the test they want to take. Therefore, as stated above, the first point of view can hold water.一. 问题解决型作文模板1. 模板一1. With the development/improvement of ,.2. It is

31、 necessary that .3. On the one hand, .4. On the other hand, 5. Therefore, how to is worth paying attention.6.Firstly 7.Secondly8.For example,9. Thirdly, .10.In other words,11.In fact, ways to are countless.12.Its time that 1空格一处铺垫，空格二处填写某一问题。2关注解决现象引出的问题很必要。3解决问题很必要的理由一。4解决问题很必要的理由二。5承上启下，填要解决的问题。6.

32、 解决办法一。7 解决办法二。8. 举例解释解决办法二。9. 解决办法三。10. 阐明解决办法三。11. 指出解决问题的办法多种多样。12. 强调解决问题时不可待。2004 年 1 月真题：Reduce Waste on CampusWith the improvement of living standard, waste on campus is increasingly serious. It is necessary that something should be done to reduce waste on campus. On the one hand, our waste h

33、as already caused a great loss of precious resources, such as water and electricity. On the other hand, our waste adds our parents as well as our society a burden.Therefore, how to eliminate waste on campus is worth paying attention. Firstly, we should turn off the light when we leave our dorms or c

34、lassrooms so as to save electricity as much as possible. Secondly, we should stop wasting water when we bath, or wash clothes and dishes. For example, we should use a basin when we clean faces. Thirdly, we should be economical. In other words, when go shopping, we should buy only what we really need

35、.In fact, the ways to reduce waste on campus are countless. Its time that we cultivate the habit of thrift in every possible way.1. 模板二1. There has been a discussion recently abouot.2. It is obvious that.3. Additionally, .4. So it is high time, 5. First of all, 6.The reason is7.Secondly8.That is to

36、say,9. Thirdly, .10.In fact, more than three ways can be adopted,11.As for me, 12.All in all, 1提出现存的问题。2解决问题很必要的理由一3解决问题很必要的理由二。4承上启下，说明解决问题的必要性。5解决办法一6解决办法一的理由.。7解决办法二。8. 阐明解决办法二。9. 解决办法三。10. 指出解决问题的办法多种多样。11. 小结解决问题的根本途径。12. 总结全文。Reduce Waste on CampusThere has been a discussion recently about was

37、te on campus. It is obvious that a great loss of precious resources, such as water and electricity have been caused by waste. Additionally, our waste adds our parents and society a burden. So it is high time that we took actions to reduce the waste on campus.First of all, we should stop wasting wate

38、r when we bath, or clean faces, or wash clothes and dishes. The reason is that there is a great shortage of water in the word. Secondly, we should be economical. That is to say, when go shopping, we should buy only what we really need. Thirdly, we should turn off the light when we leave dorms or cla

39、ssrooms so as to save electricity as much as possible.In fact, more than three ways can be adopted. As for me, the cultivation of good habit of thrift is most important for all of us. All in all, every college student should join in the efforts to combat the waste on campus.1. 模板三(2001 年 1 月) 1. I t

40、 is certain that.2. For one reason,.3. For another, .4. However, some still puzzle on how to .5. Here come some suggestions.6.To begin with,7.Secondly8.For instance,9. Thirdly, .10.That is because11.The solutionvary according to different situations.12.Therefore, 1提出问题及解决的必要性。2解决问题很必要的理由一3解决问题很必要的理由

41、二。4转折到如何解决问题。5呈上指出解决问题的方法很多。6解决办法一.。7解决办法二。8. 阐明解决办法二。9. 解决办法三。10. 其理由。11.解决问题的办法随具体情况不同而变化根本途径。12. 总结全文，要灵活地依据具体情况处理问题。第三节。 观点论证型作文模板1. 模板一 1. It is true that.2. However,.3.I think.4. can be listed as follow.5. First of all, 6. Secondly 7.For example 8.Thirdly, 9. A case in point is .10.It goes wit

42、hout saying that11.There is no doubt that 12.In conclusion 1提出普遍存在地观点。2谈不同地观点。3自己地观点，即文章地论点4过度句，转折到观点地论证，由题目选择具体的词。5论证理由一6论证理由二。7举例具体说明理由二。8. 论证理由三。9. 举例说明理由三。10. 提出执行该观点时应注意的事项。11. 得出结论。12. 总结全文。It Pays to Be HonestIt is true that most of us value honesty highly. However, nowadays we often confront

43、 confidence crisis such as cheating, overcharging, fake commodities, etc. I think that we should be honest because being honest is not only the whole society. The reasons can be listed as follows.Firstly, only honest people can be truly respected by the others and can make more friends over a long p

44、eriod of time. Secondly, honesty, which is the traditional virtue of the Chinese people, can make our life easier and more harmonious. For example, consumers will not be afraid of being overcharged if dealers are honest, and on the contrary dealers can win more customers. Thirdly, honesty can make o

45、ur society. A case in point is that Singapore which is a society of trustworthiness and integrity has a comparatively low criminal rate.It goes without saying that being honesty is of benefit to both the same and the individual. There is no doubt that we should foster the spirit of honesty. In concl

46、usion, laying stress on honesty will become the public morals in our society.2.模板二 1. Some people believe that.2. The truth is deep and profound.3. As we know, .4. In addition,.5. There are numerous examples 6. A case in point is7.There is close to suggest8.For another example9.Moreover,.10.All ment

47、ioned above tell us11.But one thing we have to notice is that 12.In a word, 1直接提出本文的观点。2进一步强度观点的正确性。3论证理由一4论证理由二5承上启下。6举例一具体论证。7总结例一。8. 举例二具体论证。9. 举例三具体论证。10. 总结上下，重申论点。11. 指出该论点应注意什么。12. 总结全文。It Pays to Be HonestSome people believe that many dishonesties, such as cheating, overcharging, fake commod

48、ities, etc. ruin our normal life, and they maintain that being honest is not only beneficial to others but also to oneself. The truth is deep and profound. As we know, if one is honest, other people will deeply respect him or her, and are willing to make friends with him or her. In addition, being honest can make peoples life easier and more harmonious.There are numerous examples supporting the argument. A case in point is that Singapore which is a society of t