TechnicalAptitudeQuestionseBook.doc

1、Face Interviews Confidently!Technical Aptitude QuestionsCopyright: Vyom Network (http:/) - All Rights Reserved2Table of ContentsData Structures Aptitude.3C Aptitude .12C+ Aptitude and OOPS.75Quantitative Aptitude.104UNIX Concepts .121RDBMS Concepts .135SQL.153Computer Networks.161Operating Systems.1

2、69Technical Aptitude QuestionsCopyright: Vyom Network (http:/) - All Rights Reserved3Data Structures Aptitude1. What is data structure?A data structure is a way of organizing data that considers not only the items stored, but also their relationship to each other. Advance knowledge about the relatio

3、nship between data items allows designing of efficient algorithms for the manipulation of data.2. List out the areas in which data structures are applied extensively? Compiler Design, Operating System, Database Management System, Statistical analysis package, Numerical Analysis, Graphics, Artificial

4、 Intelligence, Simulation3. What are the major data structures used in the following areas : RDBMS, Network data model & Hierarchical data model. RDBMS Array (i.e. Array of structures) Network data model Graph Hierarchical data model Trees4. If you are using C language to implement the heterogeneous

5、 linked list, what pointer type will you use?The heterogeneous linked list contains different data types in its nodes and we need a link, pointer to connect them. It is not possible to use ordinary pointers for this. So we go for void pointer. Void pointer is capable of storing pointer to any type a

6、s it is a generic pointer type.5. Minimum number of queues needed to implement the priority queue?Two. One queue is used for actual storing of data and another for storing priorities.6. What is the data structures used to perform recursion?Data Structures AptitudeTechnical Aptitude QuestionsCopyrigh

7、t: Vyom Network (http:/) - All Rights Reserved4Stack. Because of its LIFO (Last In First Out) property it remembers its caller so knows whom to return when the function has to return. Recursion makes use of system stack for storing the return addresses of the function calls. Every recursive function

8、 has its equivalent iterative (non-recursive) function. Even when such equivalent iterative procedures are written, explicit stack is to be used. 7. What are the notations used in Evaluation of Arithmetic Expressions using prefix and postfix forms?Polish and Reverse Polish notations.8. Convert the e

9、xpression (A + B) * C (D E) (F + G) to equivalent Prefix and Postfix notations.Prefix Notation: - * +ABC - DE + FGPostfix Notation:AB + C * DE - - FG + 9. Sorting is not possible by using which of the following methods?(a) Insertion (b) Selection (c) Exchange (d) Deletion(d) Deletion.Using insertion

10、 we can perform insertion sort, using selection we can perform selection sort, using exchange we can perform the bubble sort (and other similar sorting methods). But no sorting method can be done just using deletion.10. A binary tree with 20 nodes has null branches?21Let us take a tree with 5 nodes

11、(n=5) It will have only 6 (ie,5+1) null branches. In general, A binary tree with n nodes has exactly n+1 null nodes. 11. What are the methods available in storing sequential files ? Straight merging,Null BranchesTechnical Aptitude QuestionsCopyright: Vyom Network (http:/) - All Rights Reserved5 Natu

12、ral merging, Polyphase sort, Distribution of Initial runs.12. How many different trees are possible with 10 nodes ?1014For example, consider a tree with 3 nodes(n=3), it will have the maximum combination of 5 different (ie, 23 - 3 = 5) trees.i ii iii iv vIn general:If there are n nodes, there exist

13、2n-n different trees. 13. List out few of the Application of tree data-structure? The manipulation of Arithmetic expression, Symbol Table construction, Syntax analysis.14. List out few of the applications that make use of Multilinked Structures? Sparse matrix, Index generation.15. In tree constructi

14、on which is the suitable efficient data structure?(a) Array (b) Linked list (c) Stack (d) Queue (e) none(b) Linked list16. What is the type of the algorithm used in solving the 8 Queens problem?Backtracking17. In an AVL tree, at what condition the balancing is to be done? If the pivotal value (or th

15、e Height factor) is greater than 1 or less than 1.18. What is the bucket size, when the overlapping and collision occur at same time?Technical Aptitude QuestionsCopyright: Vyom Network (http:/) - All Rights Reserved6One. If there is only one entry possible in the bucket, when the collision occurs, t

16、here is no way to accommodate the colliding value. This results in the overlapping of values.19. Traverse the given tree using Inorder, Preorder and Postorder traversals. Inorder : D H B E A F C I G J Preorder: A B D H E C F G I J Postorder: H D E B F I J G C A20. There are 8, 15, 13, 14 nodes were

17、there in 4 different trees. Which of them could have formed a full binary tree?15. In general:There are 2n-1 nodes in a full binary tree.By the method of elimination:Full binary trees contain odd number of nodes. So there cannot be full binary trees with 8 or 14 nodes, so rejected. With 13 nodes you

18、 can form a complete binary tree but not a full binary tree. So the correct answer is 15.Note:Full and Complete binary trees are different. All full binary trees are complete binary trees but not vice versa. 21. In the given binary tree, using array you can store the node 4 at which location?AB CD E

19、 F GH I JGiven tree:12 345Technical Aptitude QuestionsCopyright: Vyom Network (http:/) - All Rights Reserved7At location 61 2 3 - - 4 - - 5Root LC1 RC1 LC2 RC2 LC3 RC3 LC4 RC4where LCn means Left Child of node n and RCn means Right Child of node n22. Sort the given values using Quick Sort?65 70 75 8

20、0 85 60 55 50 45Sorting takes place from the pivot value, which is the first value of the given elements, this is marked bold. The values at the left pointer and right pointer are indicated using L and R respectively.65 70L 75 80 85 60 55 50 45RSince pivot is not yet changed the same process is cont

21、inued after interchanging the values at L and R positions65 45 75 L 80 85 60 55 50 R 7065 45 50 80 L 85 60 55 R 75 7065 45 50 55 85 L 60 R 80 75 7065 45 50 55 60 R 85 L 80 75 70When the L and R pointers cross each other the pivot value is interchanged with the value at right pointer. If the pivot is

22、 changed it means that the pivot has occupied its original position in the sorted order (shown in bold italics) and hence two different arrays are formed, one from start of the original array to the pivot position-1 and the other from pivot position+1 to end.60 L 45 50 55 R 65 85 L 80 75 70 RTechnic

23、al Aptitude QuestionsCopyright: Vyom Network (http:/) - All Rights Reserved855 L 45 50 R 60 65 70 R 80 L 75 8550 L 45 R 55 60 65 70 80 L 75 R 85In the next pass we get the sorted form of the array.45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 8523. For the given graph, draw the DFS and BFS? BFS: A X G H P E M Y J DFS: A

24、X H P E Y M J G24. Classify the Hashing Functions based on the various methods by which the key value is found. Direct method, Subtraction method, Modulo-Division method, Digit-Extraction method, Mid-Square method, Folding method, Pseudo-random method. 25. What are the types of Collision Resolution

25、Techniques and the methods used in each of the type? Open addressing (closed hashing),The methods used include:Overflow block, Closed addressing (open hashing)The methods used include:Linked list,AHXG PEYM JThe given graph:Technical Aptitude QuestionsCopyright: Vyom Network (http:/) - All Rights Res

26、erved9Binary tree26. In RDBMS, what is the efficient data structure used in the internal storage representation?B+ tree. Because in B+ tree, all the data is stored only in leaf nodes, that makes searching easier. This corresponds to the records that shall be stored in leaf nodes. 27. Draw the B-tree

27、 of order 3 created by inserting the following data arriving in sequence 92 24 6 7 11 8 22 4 5 16 19 20 7828.Of the following tree structure, which is, efficient considering space and time complexities?(a) Incomplete Binary Tree(b) Complete Binary Tree (c) Full Binary Tree(b) Complete Binary Tree. B

28、y the method of elimination:Full binary tree loses its nature when operations of insertions and deletions are done. For incomplete binary trees, extra storage is required and overhead of NULL node checking takes place. So complete binary tree is the better one since the property of complete binary t

29、ree is maintained even after operations like additions and deletions are done on it. 29. What is a spanning Tree?A spanning tree is a tree associated with a network. All the nodes of the graph appear on the tree once. A minimum spanning tree is a spanning tree organized so that the total edge weight

30、 between nodes is minimized.30. Does the minimum spanning tree of a graph give the shortest distance between any 2 specified nodes?No.11 -5 7 19 244 - 6 - 8 - 16 - 20 22 781- 92Technical Aptitude QuestionsCopyright: Vyom Network (http:/) - All Rights Reserved10Minimal spanning tree assures that the

31、total weight of the tree is kept at its minimum. But it doesnt mean that the distance between any two nodes involved in the minimum-spanning tree is minimum.31. Convert the given graph with weighted edges to minimal spanning tree. the equivalent minimal spanning tree is: 32. Which is the simplest fi

32、le structure?(a) Sequential (b) Indexed (c) Random(a) Sequential33. Whether Linked List is linear or Non-linear data structure?According to Access strategies Linked list is a linear one.According to Storage Linked List is a Non-linear one.34. Draw a binary Tree for the expression :A * B - (C + D) * (P / Q)1 32 4541060020040031014212985612-* *A B + /C PD Q1234 5410 612200310