Usefulwordsandexpressions.doc

1、附录Useful words and expressionsAA 制 Dutch treatment; go Dutch A 股市场 A share market 爱国民主人士 patriotic democratic personages 爱国统一战线 patriotic united front 爱鸟周 Bird-Loving Week 爱心工程 Loving Care Project 安家费 settling-in allowance 安理会 Security Council 安全第一，预防为主 Safety first, precaution crucial 按时足额发放基本养老金 p

2、ay the pensions of retirees on time and in full 暗箱操作 black case work 按揭贷款 mortgage loan 按揭购房 to buy a house on mortgage; to mortgage a house 安居工程 Comfortable Housing Project 按劳分配 distribution according to ones performance 奥林匹克精神 the Olympic ideals; the Olympic spirit 奥委会 Olympic Committee B 超 type-B

3、 ultrasonic 把关 guard a pass; check on; maintain a strict standard 拔尖人才 tip-top (or top-notch) talent 霸权主义 hegemonism 把握大局 grasp the overall situation 拜金主义 money worship 白领犯罪 white-collar crime 白领工人 white-collar worker 百年老店 century-old shop 白皮书 white paper 白热化 white heat 白色农业 white agriculture 白色污染 w

4、hite pollution 摆脱贫困 shake off poverty; lift oneself from poverty 百闻不如一见 Seeing is believing 百般拖延 do everything to postpone 拜把兄弟 sworn brothers 摆架子 put on airs 2拜年 pay a New Years visit 白色农业 white agriculture (also called “white engineering agriculture“; It refers to microbiological agriculture and b

5、iological cell agriculture)“ 白手起家 starting from scratch 半边天 half the sky 班车 shuttle bus 半成品 semi-manufactured goods; semi-finished products 办公自动化 OA (Office Automation) 半官方贸易 semi-official trade 颁奖大会 award presentation ceremony 半决赛 semifinal 半拉子工程 uncompleted project 斑马线 zebra crossing 班门弄斧 teach on

6、es grandma to suck eggs 办年货 do New Years shopping 搬迁户 a relocated unit or household 版权法 copyright law 版权贸易 copyright business 版权所有 copyright reserved; copyrighted 傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybag 包车 to charter a vehicle (bus, train car, etc); a cha

7、rtered vehicle 保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy 保持清醒头脑，增强忧患意识和历史责任感 remain sober-minded, become more aware of potential problems and enhance our sense of historical responsibility 暴发户 new rich; upstart (persons or households who suddenly became rich through un

8、scrupulous means or unexpected opportunities) 报复性关税 retaliatory duty 包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash 包购包销 exclusive right to purchase and sell 曝光 make public; expose 保护关税 protective duty/tariff 保护伞 protective umbrella 保护生态环境preserve the ecological en

9、vironment 保护消费者合法权益 protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers 保护主义 protectionism 包机 charter a plane; a chartered plane 报价单 quotation of prices 保监会 the China Insurance Regulatory Commission 保健品 health care products 爆冷门 produce an unexpected winner; a dark horse 3暴力片 splatter film 保龄球 b

10、owling 保释 on bail 报销 apply for reimbursement 包销人 underwriter 包修、包换、包赔制度 system of thee guarantees for repair, replacement 保障措施 supporting measures 保证金账户 margin account 保证物流畅通 ensure unimpeded flow of goods and materials 保值利率 index-linked interest rate; inflation-proof interest rate 保质期,保修期 shelf (st

11、orage) life; guarantee period 包装精美 delicately packed 保安员 包产到户 contract production quotas to individual households 保持国有股 keep the State-held shares 暴利 excessive profit; windfall profit 保险费 insurance premium 保险索赔 insurance claim 保证金 margins, collateral 保证决策的科学化和民主化 ensure the decision-making more scie

12、ntific and democratic 保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings 八荣八耻 Eight Honors second-hand smoking 背黑锅 become a scapegoat 北京奥申委 Beijing 2008 Olympic Games Bidding Committee (BOBICO) 北约 The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 被摘牌的公司 delisted company 本命年 ones year of birth considered in relation 本土化

13、localilzation 奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life 本本主义 bookishness; book worship 闭关政策 closed-door policy 闭卷 closed-book exam 闭路电视 close-circuit television 闭门羹 given a cold shoulder 避税 tax avoidance 毕业设计 graduation design 毕业生分配制度 assignment system for graduates 便当 brown bag 边防证 fronter pass

14、便民服务 service for the convenience of the customers 变相涨价 4disguised inflation 便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer 便衣警察 police in plain clothes 边远地区 remote and border areas 边远贫困地区 outlying poverty-stricken areas 贬值 devalue, devaluate, depreciate (of a currency) 标书 bidding documents 表演赛 d

15、emonstration match 冰雕 ice sculpture 病毒性感染 viral infection 兵马俑 terra-cotta figures; soldier and horse figures 并网发电 combined to the grid 病毒性感冒 viral influenza 秉公办案 handle cases impartially 秉公执法 enforce laws impartially 剥离不良资产 strip bad assets off 博士生 PhD candidate 补偿贸易 compensatory trade 不承诺放弃使用武器 not

16、 undertake to renounce the use of force 不承诺放弃使用武力 will not commit ourselves to rule out the use of force 不记名投票 secret ballot 不结盟运动 non-aligned movement 不可推卸的责任 compelling obligation 不可再生资源 non-renewable resources 布雷顿森林体系 Bretton Woods System 不良贷款 non-performing loan 不明飞行物 unidentified flying object

17、(UFO) 补缺选举 by-election 不惜一切代价 spare no effort; go all out; do ones best 步行街 pedestrian street 部长级会议 ministerial meeting 不正当竞争 unfair competition 不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency 不扩散核武器条约 Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; NPT 财产税 property tax; estate (or capital) duty

18、 裁减冗员 cut down on overstaffing ; lay off redundant staff 裁军 disarmament 菜篮子工程 vegetable basket program; non-staple food project 财力明显增强 financial strength grew noticeably 菜鸟，新手 green hand 彩票 lottery ticket 财务报表 财务代理人 fiscal agent 5财政赤字 financial deficit 财政纪律 financial and economic discipline 财政年度 fis

19、cal year 财政收入 fiscal revenue 财政税收 revenue tax; 财务丑闻 accounting scandal 彩信 multimedia message 财政支持 financial support 参拜靖国神社 visit to the Yasukuni war shrine 参股公司 joint -stock company 残疾人特奥会 The Special Olympic Games for the disabled 餐饮业 catering industry 参与国际分工 participate in the international divisi

20、on of labor 参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs 参政党 parties participating in the management of state affairs; parties participating in the government decision-making process 操纵股票市场 manipulate the stock market 操作系统 operating system 差额拨款 balance allocation 差额选举 competitive election 查封

21、 close down 差旅费 expenses for business trips 拆迁补偿费 compensation for demolition 拆迁费用 removal expense 拆迁户 households or units relocated due to building demolition 拆台 let someone down; cut the ground from under someones feet 产粮大省 granary province 产品更新换代 upgrade of products 产品积压 overstocked products; acc

22、umulation of inventories; stock pile; excessive inventory 产品科技含量 technological element of a product 产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order 产权转让 transference of title of property 产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure 产业政策 industrial policy 唱对台戏 put on a rival show 偿付能力 solvency 唱高调 mouth

23、high-sounding words 常规裁军 conventional disarmament 常规武器 conventional weapon 长江三角洲 Yangtze River delta 长江中下游 the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River 长期国债 6long-term government bonds 畅通工程 Smooth Traffic Project 长途电话 long-distance calls 场外证券市场 over-the-counter market 常委会 standing committee 常务董事

24、 managing director; excutive director 常务理事 executive member of the council 长线产品 product in excessive supply 倡议书 initial written proposal 常驻代表 permanent representative 常驻记者 resident correspondent 常驻联合国代表 permanent representative to the United Nation 常驻使节 permanent envoy 长期建设国债 long-term treasury bond

25、s for construction 超编人员 exceed personnel 超短波 ultrashort wave 炒汇 peculate in foreign currency 超前消费 pre-mature consumption; overconsume; excessive consumption 超前意识 superior consciousness 炒作 speculation (stock); sensationalization (news) 朝鲜半岛核问题 the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula 扯后腿 hold (or pu

26、ll) somebody back; be a drag on somebody 扯皮 shirk; pass the buck 撤销原案 rescind the case 撤销职务 annul ones position; dismiss from; be stripped of; remove from 城镇居民人均可支配收入 urban per capita disposable income 城镇社会保障体系 urban social security system 承包经营权 contract for the managerial right 成本价 cost price 程控电话

27、computerized telephone 城市规划 citys landscaping plan; urban planning 城市基础设施建设 the citys infrastructure construction 城市居民最低生活保障 subsistence allowances for the urban poor 成套引进 package import 成为国际共识 become a consensus of the international community 城乡低收入居民 low-income residents in both town and country 城乡

28、电网改造 projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids 城镇职工基本医疗保险制度 basic medical insurance system for urban working people 城镇住房公积金 urban housing provident fund 承办单位 organizer 承包 contract with 7车牌号 license plate number 车险 auto insurance 持续、稳定、协调发展 sustained, stable and coordinated development 吃大锅饭

29、“egalitarian practice of “everybody eating from the same big pot“ “ 充电 recharge ones batteries; update ones knowledge; brush up (on) 充分调动积极性和创造性 give full play to the initiative and creativity 充分利用两个市场，两种资源 fully utilize both domestic and international markets and resources 重复建设 redundant project; d

30、uplication of similar projects 崇洋媚外 worship things foreign and fawn on foreign countries 充值卡 rechargeable card 抽检 spot check 抽奖 lucky draw 抽样调查 sample survey 筹资 raised capital/proceeds 储备基金 reserve funds 出风头 show off; in the limelight 出国热 craze for going abroad 出境签证 exit visa 出境游 outbound tourism; o

31、utbound travel 出口创汇型产业 export-oriented industry 出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports 出口退税机制 export tax rebate system 出口退税率 export rebate rate 出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports 处理价格 bargain price; reduced price 处理品 items for disposal 出气筒 punching b

32、ag 出勤率 attendance rate 出台 unveil fresh policy 除烟叶外，取消农业特产税 all taxes on special agricultrual products will be repealed except for tobacco 传媒 media 传染性疾病 communicable disease 穿梭外交 shuttle diplomacy 传销 pyramid-selling; multi-level marketing 穿小鞋 make it hot for; make trouble for 创建卫生城市 窗口行业 service tra

33、de 创利 generate profit 创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 创业者 start-up 创业园 8high-tech business incubator; pioneer park 创新型国家 innovation-oriented country 传染病 communicable disease; infectious disease 垂直管理 vertical management 垂直贸易 vertical trade 吹风会 briefing 出境游客 outbound tourist 纯净水 purified w

34、ater 春运 (passenger ) transport during the Spring Festival 春秋 Spring and Autumn Annals 磁卡电话 magnetic card telephone 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new 磁悬浮列车 Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train 从零开始 start

35、 from scratch 从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy 凑份子 club together 粗加工产品 rough-wrought product 促进对外贸易多元化 diversify our trading partners; promote the diversification of foreign trade 促进经济发展和社会全面进步 promote economic development and social progress in an all-around way 促进区域协调

36、发展 promoting the coordinated development of all regions 促销 promote sales; promotion 粗放经营 extensive operation 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy 存储能力 storage capacity 存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits 存款单 certificates of deposits 存款准备金制度 reserve against deposit system 存款准备金率 ratio o

37、f deposits, deposit-reserve ratio 村民委员会 villagers committee 打白条 issue IOU 打包儿 use doggy bags to take food home 打保票 vouch for somebody; guarantee something 大酬宾 give a large discount to ones customers or guests 打出王牌 play ones trump card 搭错车 follow a wrong train; join in a wrong group; follow a wrong e

38、xample; wrong act because of wrong judgement or rash imitation 打工 do work for others 大规模杀伤性武器 weapons of mass destruction 打黑 crack down on evil forces 大轰动 blockbuster 打击报复 conduct reprisals; retaliate 9打击非法投机活动 strike out at speculation; crack down on speculation 打假 crack down on fake products 打假办 O

39、ffice of Cracking down on Fake Products 大减价 markdown sales 大奖赛 prize-giving competition 大款 tycoon 大满贯 grand slam 大排档 large stall; sidewalk snack booth 打破僵局 break the deadlock 打破垄断 breakup of monopoly 打私 combat smuggling 大腕 top notch, big shot 答谢宴会 return banquet 大众传媒 mass media (of communications) 大

40、专生 junior college student 大专文凭 associate degree 达成共识 reach a consensus 大会特邀代表 specially-invited delegate to the congress 代沟 generation gap 贷学金（助学贷款） student loan 待业 job-waiting 呆帐 dead account 逮捕证 arrest warrant 单边主义 unilateralism 弹道导弹 ballistic missile 单刀赴会 start a solo run 单方面撕毁协定 unilaterally tea

41、r up an agreement or a treaty 淡季 dead or slack season 单亲家庭 single-parent family 淡水恶化 freshwater degradation 单向收费 One-way charge system 党代会 congress of party representatives 党风 Party style 党风建设 construction of the Party conduct 挡箭牌 excuse; pretext 当前用户 active user 党群关系 Party-masses relationship 党外人士

42、non-Party personage; public figure outside the Party 党政机关 Party and government organizations 当作耳旁风 turn a deaf ear to something 盗版 VCD pirated VCD 导播 instructor in broadcasting 导弹发射场 missile launching site; missile site 10道德法庭 court of ethics 倒汇 speculate in foreign currency 倒计时 countdown 盗用公款 embez

43、zlement 到位 in place 德才兼备 have both political integrity and ability; people who possess both political integrity and professional ability 等价交换 equal-value exchange 邓小平理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory 登记失业率 registered jobless rate 敌对势力 hostile forces 第二产业 secondary industry 第二课堂 the second classroom; practical

44、 training besides lecturing in the classroom 第二上市 secondary listing 地方保护主义 regional protectionism 地方财政 finance of local administration; local public finance; local finance 低谷 all-time low; at a low ebb 地级市 prefecture-level city 低价住房 low-cost housing 抵抗全球经济衰退 combat the global economic slump 地球末日 geo

45、cide 地球日 Earth Day (April 22) 地区霸权主义 regional hegemonism 地区差异 regional disparity 地热资源 geothermal resources 第三产业 tertiary industry; service sector 低水平重复建设 low-level redundant development 第四产业 the fourth industry 地下核试验 underground nuclear test 第一发球权 first inning 第一发球员 first server 第一轮投票 first round of

46、 voting 第一生产力 primary productive force 第一手材料 material at first hand; first-hand material 第一双打 first pair 点播 request the broadcasting (or telecasting) 电大 college courses broadcast on television 电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number 电话会议 teleconference 电话会议呼叫 Conference calling 点名册 roll book 电脑病毒 computer virus 电脑犯罪 computer crime