08年12月.doc

1、索古特英语SOGOOD.cn索古特英语-是一个极力推崇免费英语学习的网站！提供英语听力，VOA，口语，双语阅读，全英文短文阅读，行业英语，英语试题 WORD 下载，中高考英语资料，大学四六级英语，考试英语，英语动画等。每日更新!免费中文学习网 免费英语学习网： 版权归原作者所有声明：本资料由 索古特英语SOGOOD.CN 收集整理，转载请注明出自 http:/ 2008 年 12 月 20 日大学英语六级 A 卷真题+答案Part I writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1 上Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and

2、 scanning) (15 minutes)Supersize surpriseAsk anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that its al down to eating too much and burning too few calories. That explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it/

3、yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate(促成) such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two” reduced physical activity and increased availab

4、ility of food are not important contributors to the epidemic, but they cannot explain it all.Earlier this year a review paper by 20 obesity experts set out the 7 most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are.1. Not enough sleepIt is widely believed that sleep is for the bra

5、in, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and

6、 Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than whose who slept 7.Its well kno

7、wn that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may precipitate weight gain.Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 peop

8、le in the US slept an average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fallen to under 7 hours, and the decline is mirrored by the increase in obesity.2. Climate control索古特英语SOGOOD.cn索古特英语-是一个极力推崇免费英语学习的网站！提供英语听力，VOA，口语，双语阅读，全英文短文阅读，行业英语，英语试题

9、 WORD 下载，中高考英语资料，大学四六级英语，考试英语，英语动画等。每日更新!免费中文学习网 免费英语学习网： 版权归原作者所有We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of whats going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic(新陈代新的 ) rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping

10、 warm and staying cool take energy unless we are in the “thermo-neutral zone”, which is increasingly where we choose to live and work.There is no denying that ambient temperatures(环境温度 ) have changed in the past few decades. Between 1970 and 2000, the average British home warmed from a chilly 13C to

11、 18C. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditionings rose from 23% to 47% between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states where obesity rates tend to be highest the number of houses with air conditioning has shot up to 71% from 37

12、% in 1978.Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight?Sadly，there is some evidence that it does-at least with regard to heating. Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy.3.Less smokingBad news: smokers really do tend to be thi

13、nner than the rest of us,and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one isn sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate.Katherine Flegal and colleagres at the US National Center for Health Statisti

14、cs in Hyattsville,Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been respousible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness.From data collected aroud 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,they worked out that people who had quit in the

15、previous decade were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked .Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% of non-smokers and only 28%of smokers.4. Genetic effectsYours chances of becoming fat may be set,at least in part,bef

16、ore you were even born.children of boese mothers are much more likely to become obest themselves later in life.Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet. Intriguingly,the effect persists for two or

17、 three generations.Grand-children of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally-so you fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived.5.A little olderSome groups of people just happen to be fatter than others.surveys carried out by the US national center

18、for health statisties found that adults aged 40 to 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people.non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectreum:Mexican-american women are 30% 索古特英语SOGOOD.cn索古特英语-是一个极力推崇免费英语学习的网站！提供英语听力，VOA，口语，双语阅读，全英文短文阅读，行业英语，英语试题 WORD 下

19、载，中高考英语资料，大学四六级英语，考试英语，英语动画等。每日更新!免费中文学习网 免费英语学习网： 版权归原作者所有more likely than white women to be obsess,and black women have twice the risk.In the US,these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population.between 1970 and 2000 the US population aged 35 to 44 grew by 43%.the proportion of

20、Hispanic-americans also grew,from under 5% to 12.5% of the population,while the proportion of black Americans increased from 11% to 12.3%.these changes may account in part for the increased prevalence of obesity.6.mature mumsMothers around the world are getting older.in the UK,the mean age for aving

21、 a frist child is 27.3,compared with 23.7 in 1970 .mean age at frist birth in the US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000.This would be neither here nor there if it weret for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity. Resul

22、ts from the US national heart,lung and blood institutes study found that the odds of a child being obese increase 14% for every five extra years of their mothers age , though why this should be so is not entirely clear.Michael Symonds at the university of Nottingham,UK,found that first-bron children

23、 have more fat than younger ones. As family size decreases, firstbrons account for a greather share of the population. In 1964, british women gave birth to an average of 2.95 children;by 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.79. in the US in 1976, 9.6% of woman in their 40s had only one chile;in 2004 it

24、was 17.4%. this combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic.7.Like marrying likeJust as people pair off according to looks, so they do for size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean an d fat more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marry

25、ing like cannot account for any increase in obesity. But combined with others- particularly the fact that obesity is partly genetic, and that heavier people have more children-it amplifies the increase form other causes.1. A)effects of obesity on peoples healthB)the link between lifestyle an obesity

26、C)New explanations for the obesity epidemicD)possible ways to combat the obesity epidemic2. A)gained the least weightB)were inclined to eat lessC)found their vigor enhanced 索古特英语SOGOOD.cn索古特英语-是一个极力推崇免费英语学习的网站！提供英语听力，VOA，口语，双语阅读，全英文短文阅读，行业英语，英语试题 WORD 下载，中高考英语资料，大学四六级英语，考试英语，英语动画等。每日更新!免费中文学习网 免费英语

27、学习网： 版权归原作者所有D)were less susceptible to illness3. A)it makes us sleepyB)it causes sleep lossC)it increases our appetiteD)it results from lack of sleep4. A)it makes us stay indoors moreB)it accelerates our metabolic rateC)it makes us feel more energeticD)it contributes to our weight gain5. A)it threa

28、tens their healthB)it heightens their spiritsC)it suppresses their appetiteD)it slows down their metabolism6. A)heavy smokersB)passive smokersC)those who never smokeD)those who quit smoking7. A)the growing number of smokers among young peopleB)the rising proportion of minorities in its populationC)t

29、he increasing consumption of high-calorie foodsD)the improving living standards of the poor people8.according to the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the reason why older mothers children tend to be obese remains not entirely clear9.According to Michael Symonds, one factor contributing t

30、o the obesity epidemic is decrease of family size索古特英语SOGOOD.cn索古特英语-是一个极力推崇免费英语学习的网站！提供英语听力，VOA，口语，双语阅读，全英文短文阅读，行业英语，英语试题 WORD 下载，中高考英语资料，大学四六级英语，考试英语，英语动画等。每日更新!免费中文学习网 免费英语学习网： 版权归原作者所有10 when two heavy people get married, chances of their children getting fat increase, because obesity is party

31、genetizPart IIISection A11. A)He is quite easy to recognizeB)he is an outstanding speakerC)he looks like a movie starD)he looks young for his age12. A)consult her dancing teacherB)take a more interesting classC)continue her dancing classD)improve her dancing skills13. A)the man did not believe what

32、the woman saidB)the man accompanied the woman to the hospitalC)the woman may be suffering from repetitive strain injuryD)the woman may not followed the doctors instructions14. A)they are not in style any moreB)they have cost him far too muchC)they no longer suit his eyesightD)they should be cleaned

33、regularly15. A)he spilled his drink onto the floorB)he has just finished wiping the floorC)he was caught in a shower on his way homeD)he rushed out of the bath to answer the phone索古特英语SOGOOD.cn索古特英语-是一个极力推崇免费英语学习的网站！提供英语听力，VOA，口语，双语阅读，全英文短文阅读，行业英语，英语试题 WORD 下载，中高考英语资料，大学四六级英语，考试英语，英语动画等。每日更新!免费中文学习网

34、 免费英语学习网： 版权归原作者所有16. A)fixing some furnitureB)repairing the toy trainC)reading the instructionsD)assembling the bookcase17. A)urge Jenny to spend more time on studyB)help Jenny to prepare for the coming examsC)act towards Jenny in a more sensible way、D)send Jenny to a volleyball training center18.

35、 A)The building of the dam needs a large budgetB)the proposed site is near the residential areaC)the local people fel insecure about the damD)the dam poses a threat to the local environmentQuestion19 to21 are based on the conversation you have just heard 19 A. It saw the end of its booming years wor

36、ldwide B. Its production and sales reached record levels.C. It became popular in some foreign countriesD. Its domestic market started to shrink rapidly.20. A. They cost less. B. They tasted better. C. They were in fashion.D. They were widely advertised.21. A. It is sure to fluctuate .B. It is bound

37、to revive.索古特英语SOGOOD.cn索古特英语-是一个极力推崇免费英语学习的网站！提供英语听力，VOA，口语，双语阅读，全英文短文阅读，行业英语，英语试题 WORD 下载，中高考英语资料，大学四六级英语，考试英语，英语动画等。每日更新!免费中文学习网 免费英语学习网： 版权归原作者所有C. It will remain basically stable.D. It will see no more monopoly 22. A. Organising protests B. Recruiting members C. Acting as its spokesman.D. Savi

38、ng endangered animals.23. A. Anti-animal-abuse demonstrations B. Anti-nuclear campaignsC. Surveying the Atlantic Ocean floor D. Removing industrial waste.24. A. By harassing them. B. By appealing to the publicC. By taking legal action.D. By resorting to force.25. A. DoubtfulB. Reserved C. Indifferen

39、t D. Supportive 26. A, The air becomes still. B. The air pressure is low.C. The clouds block the sun. D. The sky appears brighter.27. A. Ancient people were better at foretelling the weather.索古特英语SOGOOD.cn索古特英语-是一个极力推崇免费英语学习的网站！提供英语听力，VOA，口语，双语阅读，全英文短文阅读，行业英语，英语试题 WORD 下载，中高考英语资料，大学四六级英语，考试英语，英语动画等。

40、每日更新!免费中文学习网 免费英语学习网： 版权归原作者所有B. Sailorssaying about the weather are unreliable.C. People knew long ago how to predict the weather.D. It was easiter to forecast the weather in the old days.28 A. Weather forecast is getting more accurate today.B. People can predict the weather by their sensesC. Who

41、are the real esperts in weather forecast .D. Weather changes affect peoples life remarkably29. A. They often feel insecure about their jobs.B. They are unable to decide what to do first .C. They are feel burdened with numerous tasks every day.D they feel burdened with numerous tasks every day30 A. A

42、nalyze them rationally. B. Draw a detailed to-do list . C. Turn to others for help.D. Handle them one by one .31. A. They have accomplished little . B. They feel utterly exhausted .C. They have worked out a way to relax.D. They no longer feel any sense of guilt.32. A. Their performance may improve.B

43、. Their immune system may be reinforced C. Their blood pressure may rise all of a sudden.D. Their physical development may be enhanced.索古特英语SOGOOD.cn索古特英语-是一个极力推崇免费英语学习的网站！提供英语听力，VOA，口语，双语阅读，全英文短文阅读，行业英语，英语试题 WORD 下载，中高考英语资料，大学四六级英语，考试英语，英语动画等。每日更新!免费中文学习网 免费英语学习网： 版权归原作者所有33. A. Improved mental fu

44、nctioning B. Increased susceptibility to disease C. Speeding up of blood circulation D. Reduction of stress-related hormones34. A. Pretend to be in better shape. B. Have more physical exercise . C. Turn more often to friends for help D. Pay more attention to bodily sensations.35. A. Different approa

45、ches to coping with stress.B. Various causes for serious health problems.C. The relationship between stress and illness.D. New finding of medical research on stress.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section AQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.One of the

46、major producers of athletic footwear, with 2002 sales of over $10 billion, is a company called Nike, with corporate headquarters in Beaverton, Oregon. Forbes magazine identified Nikes president, Philip Knight, as the 53rd-richest man in the world in 2004. But Nike has not always been a large multimi

47、llion-dollar organization. In fact, Knight started the company by selling shoes from the back of his car at track meets.In the late 1950s Philip Knight was a middle-distance runner on the University of Oregon track team, coached by Bill Bowerman. One of the top track coaches in the U.S., Bowerman wa

48、s also known for experimenting with the design of running shoes in an attempt to make them lighter and more shock-absorbent. After attending Oregon, Knight moved on to do graduate work at Stanford University; his MBA thesis was on marketing athletic shoes. Once he received his degree, Knight traveled to Japan to contact the Onitsuka Tiger Company, a manufacturer of athletic shoes. Knight convinced the companys officials of the potential for its product in the U.S. In 1963 he received his first shipment of Tiger shoes, 200 pairs in total.In 1964, Knight and Bo