散文翻译材料.doc

1、登录 注册 豆瓣社区 豆瓣读书 豆瓣电影 豆瓣音乐 豆瓣同城 豆瓣 FM 更多 九点 阿尔法城 首页 窗体顶端成 员 、 小 组 、 音 乐 人 、 主 办 方 搜 索窗体底端首页 浏览发现 【英译散文】一日一篇2010-10-02 09:49:02 来自: 胖子驴儿(我是煮面的！) 艰难的国运与雄健的国民 李大钊 历史的道路，不会是坦平的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界。这是全靠雄健的精神才能冲过去的(1)。 一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界(2)，平原无际，一泻万里 (3)。有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山迭岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于期间，回环曲折，极其险峻(4)。民族生命的进展，其经历亦复

2、如是。 人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样。旅途上的征人(5)所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路(6)。志于旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，因是高高兴兴地向前走，走到崎岖的境界，俞是奇趣横生(7)，觉得在此奇绝壮绝(8)的境界，俞能感到一种冒险的美趣(9)。 中华民族现在所逢的史路，是一段崎岖险阻的道路。在这段道路上，实在亦有一种奇绝壮绝的境至，使我们经过此段道路的人，感得一种壮美的趣味，是非有雄健的精神的，不能够感觉到的。 我们的扬子江、黄河，可以代表我们的民族精神，扬子江及黄河遇见沙漠、遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡的往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻万里的魄势(10)。目前的艰难境界，那能阻抑我们民

3、族生命的前进。我们应该拿出雄健的精神，高唱着进行的曲调，在这悲壮歌声中，走过这崎岖险阻的道路。要知(11)在艰难的国运中建造国家，亦是人生最有趣味的事。 http:/ 09:52:10 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) National Crisis vs (versus) Heroic hiruik Nation Li Dazhao The course of history is never smooth. It is sometimes beset with difficulties and obstacles and nothing short of a heroic spirit can

4、 help surmount them. A mighty long river sometimes flows through a broad section with plains lying boundless on either side, its waters rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles. Sometimes it comes up against a narrow section flanked by high mountains and steep cliffs, winding throug

5、h a course with many a perilousperils twist and turn. .A nation, in the course of its development, fares likewise. The historical course of mans life is just like a journey. A traveler on a long journey passes through now a broad, level plain, now a rugged, hazardous road. While a determined travele

6、r cheerfully continues his journey upon reaching a safe and smooth place, he finds it still more fascinating to come to a rugged place, the enormously magnificent spectacle of which, he feels, is better able to generate in him a wonderful sensation of adventure. The Chinese nation is now confronted

7、with a rugged and dangerous section of its historical course. Nevertheless, there is also in this section a spectacle of enormous magnificence that inspires in us passers-by a delightful sensation of splendor. And this delightful sensation, however, can only be shared by those with a heroic spirit.

8、The Yangtse River and the Yellow River are both symbolic of our national spirit the two mighty rivers negotiate deserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible force. The present national crisis can never obstruct the advance of our national life. Let us brace up our s

9、pirits and march through this rugged, dangerous road to the tune of our solemn, stirring songs. The greatest joy of life, mind you, is to build up our country during its most difficult days. 删除 2010-10-02 09:53:48 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) 注释: 李大钊此文载于 1923 年 12 月 20 日新国民第一卷第 2 号上，短小隽永，堪称一首诗意盎然的抒情散文诗。作者用象征，比喻等手

10、法，说明历史发展的必然规律以及中国革命面临的艰难险阻。 (1) “这是全靠雄健的精神才能冲过去的 ”译为 nothing short of a heroic spirit can help surmount them，其中 nothing short of 相当于 nothing less than 或 only。 (2)“宽阔的境界” 须按上下文译为 a broad section。 “境界”在这里不宜译为 realm、place、area等。 (3)“一泻万里”译为 rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles，但也可译

11、为 rolling on vigorously for tens of thousands of miles 或 rolling on for thousands of miles at a stretch。 (4)“回环曲折，极其险峻” 译为 winding through a course with many a perilous twist and turn，其中 twist and turn 来自成语 twists and turns。此句亦可译为 following a dangerous tortuous course。 (5)“征人”即“远行之人”，故译“旅途上的征人” 为 a

12、traveler on a long journey。 (6)“有时，有时” 译为 nownow（sometimesand sometimes） 。 (7)“奇趣横生”意即 “极度吸引人”，故译为 fascinating。 (8)“奇绝壮绝”意即 “无限壮观”，故译为 the enormously magnificent spectacle。 (9)“感到一种冒险的美趣” 意即“一种敢于冒险的美妙感觉”，原译为 a wonderful sensation of adventure。 (10)“遇见沙漠，遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡的往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻万里的魄势”译为 negotiate

13、deserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible force, 其中动词 to negotiate 的意思是“顺利通过” （to succeed in getting past something difficult） 。又，注意 until 在这里的用法。它在此不作“直到为止”解，而是 so that finally（“以至于”或“最后” ）的意思。 (11)“要知”译为 mind you，插入句中。成语 mind you 的意思是 mind what I say 或 however,

14、 相当于汉语的“请注意” 或“ 说真的 ”。 删除 2010-10-02 19:15:40 Reed (匆然，淡忘 ) LZ 有没有自己试着译一译啊？ 删除 2010-10-02 19:54:18 夏小木 (听力听力听力！) 顶下哟 好强大的翻译啊 LZ 加油哈 删除 2010-10-03 08:55:18 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) 自己译的很一般啊。 。 。 。对比完了之后就找到差距了。 。 。 。 。 删除 2010-10-03 09:10:35 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) 螃 蟹 鲁迅 老螃蟹觉得不安了，觉得全身太硬了(1)，自己知道要蜕壳 (2)了。 他跑来跑去的寻。他想寻一个窟

15、穴，躲了身子，将石子堵了穴口，隐隐的蜕壳。 他知道外面蜕壳(3)是危险的。身子还软(4)，要被别的螃蟹吃去的。这并非空害怕，他 实在亲眼见过。 他慌慌张张的走。 旁边的螃蟹(5)问他说：“老兄，你何以这般慌？” 他说：“我要蜕壳了。 ” “就在这里蜕不是很好么？我还要帮你呢。 ” “那可太怕人了。 ” “你不怕窟穴里的别的东西，却怕我们同种么？” “我不是怕同种。 ” “那是怕什么呢？” “就怕你要吃掉我(6)。 ” 删除 2010-10-03 09:12:06 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) The Crab Lu Xun An old crab grew restless. Finding

16、himself stiff all over, he knew it was time for him to moult his shell. He dashed here and there in search of a cave to hide. He was going to block up the mouth of cave so that he could moult in secret. He knew it would be very dangerous to shed his shell in the open because, with his new shell stil

17、l being soft, he might be eaten up by other crabs. This fear was not groundless for he himself had really seen it happen to other moulting crabs. The old crab kept moving about in a hurry. A nearby crab asked, “Hey, brother, whats the rush?” “I am going to moult,” answered the old crab. “Wouldnt it

18、be all right to moult right here? I could help you out with it.” “How horrible that would be!” “You mean while youll not scared of other things in the cave youre scared of your own kind?” “No, Im not scared of my own kind.” “Then what are you scared of?” “Nothing but being eaten up by you.” 删除 2010-

19、10-03 09:12:46 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) 注释: 螃蟹是近年发现的鲁迅佚文。文章发表于 1919 年 8 月间，时值五四运动方兴未艾，作者通过寓言故事，提醒人们新生事物往往有被旧事物消灭于萌芽状态的危险。 (1)“觉得全身太硬了” 译为 Finding himself stiff al over，其中 all over 意即“全身”或“浑身”，作状语短语用。如逐字译为 finding his whole body stiff 并无不可，但语言稍欠地道。 (2)“蜕壳”译为 to moult his shell，其中 to moult 为专用语，意同 to cast off。

20、(3)“外面蜕壳”中的 “外面”意即“在露天” ，故译为（to moult）in the open，以代替 to moult outside the cave。 (4)“身子还软”意即 “蜕去旧壳后新壳还软”，故译为 with his new shell still being soft。如按字面直译为 with his body still being soft 则欠确切，因“ 身子”在此指“新壳”，不泛指“躯体”。 (5)“旁边的螃蟹” 译为 A nearby crab 比crab beside him 灵活。 (6)“就怕你要吃掉我” 译为 Nothing but being eaten

21、 up by you, 乃 Im scared of nothing but being eaten up by you 之略。 删除 2010-10-04 09:53:06 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) 落花生 许地山 我们屋后有半亩隙地。母亲说：“让它荒芜着怪可惜，既然你们那么爱吃花生， 就辟来做花生园罢(1)。 ”我们几个姊弟(2)和几个小丫头都很喜欢买种的买种，动土的动土，灌园的灌园；过了不几个月，居然收获了！ 妈妈说：“今晚我们可以做一个收获节(3)，也请你们的爹爹来尝尝我们底新花生， 如何？”我们都答应了。母亲把花生做成好几样食品(4)，还吩咐这节期要在园里底茅亭举行。 那晚上底天

22、色不大好(5)，可是爹爹也来到，实在很难得！爹爹说： “你们爱吃花 生吗？” 我们都争着答应：“爱！” “谁能把花生底好处说出来？” 姊姊说：“花生底气味很美。 ” 哥哥说：“花生可以榨油。 ” 我说：“无论何等人都江堰市可以用贱价买它来吃；都喜欢吃它。这是它的好 处。 ” 爹爹说：“花生底用处固然很多；但有一样是很可贵的。这小小的豆(6)不像那好 看的苹果、桃子、石榴，把它们底果实悬在枝上，鲜红嫩绿的颜色(7)，令人一望而发生羡慕的心。它只把果子埋在地底，等到成熟，才容人把它挖出来。你们偶然看见一棵花生瑟缩(8)地长在地上，不能立刻辨出它有没有果实，非得等到你接触它才能知道。 ” 我们都说：

23、“是的。 ”母亲也点点头。爹爹接下去说：“ 所以你们要像花生 (9)， 因为它是有用的，不是伟大、好看的东西。 ”我说：“那么，人要做有用的，不要做伟大、体面的人了。 ”爹爹说：“ 这是我对于你们的希望。 ” 我们谈到夜阑才散，所有花生食品虽然没有了，然而父亲底话现在还印在我心 版上。 删除 2010-10-04 09:55:25 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) Peanuts Xu Dishan Behind our house there lay half a mou of vacant land. Mother said, “its a pity to let it lie waste.

24、Since you all like to eat peanuts so very much, why not plant some here?” That exhilarated us children and our servant girls as well, and soon we started buying seeds, ploughing the land and watering the plants. We gathered in a good harvest just after a couple of months! Mother said, “How about giv

25、ing a party this evening to celebrate the harvest and inviting your Daddy to have a taste of our newly-harvested peanuts?” We all agreed. Mother made quite a few varieties of goodies out of the peanuts, and told us that the party would be held in the thatched pavilion on the peanut plot. It looked l

26、ike rain that evening, yet, to our great joy, father came nevertheless. “Do you like peanuts?” asked father. “Yes, we do!” we vied in giving the answer. “Which of you could name the good things in peanuts?” “Peanuts taste good,” said my elder sister. “Peanuts produce edible oil,” said my elder broth

27、er. “Peanuts are so cheap,” said I, “that anyone can afford to eat them. Peanuts are everyones favourite. Thats why we call peanuts good.” “Its true that peanuts have many uses,” said father, “but theyre most beloved in one respect. Unlike nice-looking apples, peaches and pomegranates, which hang th

28、eir fruit on branches and win peoples admiration with their brilliant colours, tiny little peanuts bury themselves underground and remain unearthed until theyre ripe. When you come upon a peanut plant lying curled up on the ground, you can never immediately tell whether or not it bear any nuts until

29、 you touch them.” “Thats true,” we said in unison. Mother also nodded. “So you must take after peanuts,” father continued, “because theyre useful though not great and nice- looking.” “Then you mean one should be useful rather than great and nice-looking,” I said. “Thats what I except of you,” father

30、 concluded. We kept chatting until the party broke up late at night. Today, though nothing is left of the goodies made of peanuts, fathers words remain engraved in my mind. 删除 2010-10-04 09:56:06 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) 注释: 本文是许地山（1892-1941）的名篇。作者回忆自己童年时代一个小小片断，以朴实无华、清新自然的笔调，从花生的平凡而有用，谈到做人的道理，富于哲理，反映他身处旧社会的污

31、泥浊流而洁身自好、不慕虚名的思想境界。 (1)原句也可译为 why not have them planted here 或 why not make a peanut plot of it，但现译更直截了当，且避免在同一句中重复 peanuts 一词。 (2)“几姊弟”在下文将涉及，为防累赘，译为 children。 (3)“做一个收获节” 不宜直译为 hold a harvest festival，现取意译。 (4)“食品”也可译为 food，但不如 goodies 贴切；goodies 指“好吃的东西”，常用于口语。 (5)“那晚上底天色不大好” 译为 It looked like ra

32、in that evening, 符合原意和英语习惯。 (6)“这小小的豆” 译为 tiny little peanuts。英语中常把 tiny 和 little 用在一起，有“小得可怜（爱） ”等含意。 (7)“鲜红嫩绿”不宜直译，译 brilliant colours 即可。 (8)“瑟缩”意即“蜷曲而不舒展”，故有现译。 (9)“你们要像花生” 译为 you must take after peanuts，其中 take after 是成语，意即 takeas an example（学习的榜样） 。 删除 2010-10-05 08:42:38 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) 差不多先生传

33、 胡适 你知道中国最有名的人是谁？ 提起此人，人人皆晓，处处闻名。他姓差，名不多(1)，是各省各县各村人氏。你一定见过他，一定听说过别人谈起他。差不多先生的名字天天挂在大家的口头，因为 他是中国全国人的代表。 差不多先生的相貌和你和我都差不多。他有一双眼睛，但看的不很清楚；他有 两只耳朵，但听的不很分明；有鼻子和嘴，但他对于气味和口味都不很讲究。他的脑子也不小，但他的记性却不很精明，他的思想也不很细密(2)。 他常常说：“凡事只要差不多，就好了。何必太精明呢？” 他小的时候，他妈叫他去买红糖，他买了白糖回来。他妈骂他，他摇摇头说： “红糖白糖不是差不多吗？” 他在学堂的时候，先生问他：“直隶省

34、(3)的西边是哪一省？” 他说是陕西。先生 说：“错了。是山西，不是陕西。 ”他说：“ 陕西同山西，不是差不多吗？ ” 后来他在一个钱铺(4)里做伙计，他也会写，也会算，只是总不会精细。十字常常 写成千字，千字常常写成十字。掌柜的生气了，常常骂他。他只是笑嘻嘻地赔小心道：“千字比十字只多一小撇，不是差不多吗？” 有一天他为了一件要紧的事，要搭火车到上海去。他从从容容地走到火车站， 迟了两分钟，火车已经开走了。他白瞪着眼，望着远远的火车上煤烟，摇摇头道：“只好明天再走了，今天走同明天走，也差不多。可是火车公司未免太认真了。8 点 30 分开，同 8点 32 分开，不是差不多吗？“他一面说，一面慢

35、慢地走回家，心里总不明白为什么火车不肯等他两分钟。 有一天，他忽然得了急病，赶快叫家人去请东街的汪医生。那家人急急忙忙地 跑去，一时寻不着东街的汪大夫，却把西街牛医王大夫请来了。差不多先生病在床上，知道寻错了人；但病急了，身上痛苦，心里焦急，等不得了，心里想道：“好在王大夫同汪大夫也差不多，让他试试看罢。 ”于是这位牛医王大夫走近床前，用医牛的法子给差不多先生治病。不上一点钟，差不多先生就一命呜呼了。 差不多先生差不多要死的时候，一口气断断续续地说道：“活人同死人也差差不多，凡事只要差差不多就好了，何 何必太太认真呢？”他说完了这句格言(5)，方才绝气了。 他死后，大家都很称赞差不多先生样样事

36、情看得破，想得通(6)；大家都说他一生 不肯认真，不肯算账，不肯计较，真是一位有德行的人。于是大家给他取个死后的法号，叫他做圆通大师。 他的名誉越传越远，越久越大。无数无数的人都学他的榜样。于是人人都成了一个差不多先生。然而中国从此就成为一个懒人国了。 删除 2010-10-05 08:46:06 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) Mr. About-the Same Hu Shih Do you know who is the most well-known person in China? The name of this person is a household word all over

37、 the country. His name is Cha and his given name, Buduo, which altogether mean “About the Same”. He is a native of every province, every country and every village in this country. You must have seen or heard about this person. His name is always on the lips of everybody because he is representative

38、of the whole Chinese nation. Mr. Cha Buduo has the same physiognomy as you and I. He has a pair of eyes, but doesnt see clearly. He has a pair of ears, but doesnt hear well. He has a nose and a mouth, but lacks a keen sense of smell and taste. His brain is none too small, but he is weak in memory an

39、d sloppy in thinking. He often says: “whatever we do, its OK to be just about right. Whats the use of being precise and accurate:” One day, when he was a child, his mother sent him out to buy her some brown sugar, but he returned with some white sugar instead. As his mother scolded him about it, he

40、shook his head and said, “Brown sugar or white sugar, arent they about the same?” One day in school, the teacher asked him, “Which province borders Hebei on the west?” He answered, “Shaanxi,” The teacher corrected him, “You are wrong. Its Shanxi, Not Shaanxi.” He retorted, “Shaanxi or Shanxi, arent

41、they about the same?” Later Mr. Cha Buduo served as an assistant at a money shop. He could write and calculate all right, but his mathematics were/was often faulty. He would mistake the Chinese character 十（meaning 10）for 千（meaning 1000）or vice versa. The shop owner was infuriated and often took him

42、to task. But he would only explain apologetically with a grin, “The character 千 differs from 十 in merely having one additional short stroke. Arent they about the same?” One day, he wanted to go to Shanghai by train on urgent business. But he arrived at the railway station unhurriedly only to find th

43、e train already gone, because he was two minutes late. He stood staring helplessly at the smoke belching from the diminishing train, and shook his head, “Well, all I can do is leave tomorrow. After all, today and tomorrow are about the same. But isnt the railway taking it too seriously? Whats the di

44、fference between departing at 8:30 and 8:32?” He walked home slowly while talking to himself and kept puzzling over why the train hadnt waited for him for two minutes more. One day he suddenly fell ill and immediately told one of his family to fetch Dr. Wang of East Street. The latter went in hurry,

45、 but couldnt find the physician on East Street. So he fetched instead Veterinarian Wang of West Street. Mr. Cha Buduo, lying on his sickbed, knew that a wrong person had been brought home. But, what with pain and worry, he could ill afford to wait any longer. So he said to himself, “Luckily, Vet Wan

46、g is about the same as Dr. Wang. Why not let Vet Wang have a try?” there- upon, the veterinarian walked up to his bed to work on him as if he were a cow. Consequently, Mr. Cha Buduo kicked the bucket before an hour was out. When Mr. Cha Buduo was about to breathe his last, he uttered intermittently

47、in one breath, “Live or die, its aboutaboutthe sameWhatever we doits OKto be justjust about right. Whywhytake itso seriously?” as soon as he finished this pet phrase of his, he stopped breathing. After Mr. Cha Buduo death, people all praised him for his way of seeing things and his philosophical app

48、roach to life. They say that he refused to take things seriously all his life and that he was never calculating or particular about personal gains or losses. So they called him a virtuous man and honored him with the posthumous reverent title Master of Easy-Going. His name has spread far and wide an

49、d become more and more celebrated with the passing of time. Innumerable people have come to follow his example, so that everybody has become a Mr. Cha Buduo. But lo, China will hence be a nation of lazybones! 删除 2010-10-05 08:46:52 胖子驴儿 ( 我是煮面的！) 注释： 胡适（1891-1962）的差不多先生传 是一篇针砭社会陋习的讽刺小品，1924 年 6 月 28日发表在申报平民周刊的创刊号上，曾不胫而走，传诵一时。此文至今读来，犹感有极深刻的现实意义。 (1)“他姓差，名不多” 如