汉译英成段翻译训练.doc

1、汉译英成段翻译训练选自 陆乃圣主编新编大学翻译教程 ，上海：上海世界图书出版公司，2006，PP165-195一中国实行改革开放以来，在经济上已取得举世瞩目的成就。在经济体制上，已从单一的国有经济发展成为多种经济成分，尤其是三资企业和私营经济成分在近年来获得较大发展。即使是国有经济，政府也不在直接干预其经济活动，要求他们成为自主经营、自负盈亏、自我约束、自我发展的独立法人。国家不再给这些企业提供补贴，如长期亏损就实行破产，由经营好的企业来兼并。对国内市场上的各种商品和生产要素，90%以上按供需平衡的市场机制进行定价，所以中国经济一方面具有中国社会主义特色，一方面又与国际通行的市场经济概念十分一

2、致。二对您所说的大幅度降价我不敢苟同。您应该清楚，我们的产品是誉满全球的名牌产品，而且我们绝对保证质量。虽然我们的周边国家和地区或许会以较低的价格吸引客户，但是我们保证质量的做法，加上这次大幅度的价格下调，一定会使我们在市场上取胜。实话对您说，我们还接到了许多新客户的订单。我们的报盘是合情合理的。三近年来网络产业急速发展。据今年早期因特网信息中心的统计数据，中国的公共网络已覆盖 400 多个城市，上网电脑达 820 万台，经常上网者达 2，260 万人，网址有 33，000个。估计两年以后，中国的网民人数将跃居全球第二，仅次于美国。然而，这个快速发展的产业出现了一些问题，其中大部分问题产生的原

3、因是因为中国在准备不足的情况下飞速越入了这个信息时代，遇到的问题涉及到网络服务、网络信息、电子商务等。要想开发一个拥有 13 亿人口的市场，网络服务部门应改建服务，使普通用户能轻松上网，使上网的简便程度如同打开家用电器一般。四为扩大国际经济合作和技术交流，中华人民共和国于 1979 年 7 月 8 日颁布了中国合资企业法，后来于同年 8 月又宣布中国可接受与外商、海外华人及港澳同胞建立合股式合资企业。1988 年 4 月，中国政府又公布了契约式合资企业法，从而为外国企业家在中国投资铺平了一条灵活的道路。为促进中外企业家之间的交流，中国国际信托投资公司于 1979 年 10 月 4 日成立。这个

4、公司受中华人民共和国国务院直接领导。它的职能是组建合资企业。通过中信公司中介，不少外国投资者已与中国企业签订了合资协定。对与中方伙伴建立合资企业感兴趣的外国公司或企业都可与中信公司联系、进行磋商。当然，我们也欢迎他们直接与中方伙伴联系。合资企业都必须经外国投资委员会或其授权的部门审批。五在一个电子与电信占主导地位的时代，我们无论怎样强调变化的重要意义都不会过分。摩托罗拉公司对“变化”所下的定义是，变化既是挑战，又是机会。摩托罗拉公司在过去十年中抓住了中国的变化带来的机遇，把公司建设成美国在华投资者中最成功的公司之一。我们以坚定的参与精神和巨大的投资份额，在中国促进技术进步。正因为如此，摩托罗拉

5、品牌才得以在中国家喻户晓。中国既是机会，又是挑战。我们已经做了许多基础工作，同时也帮助中国实施自己的战略。我们将再度投资，向中国引进新的技术。六海华（集团）公司是一个集科、工、贸、旅游、娱乐于一体的跨地区、跨行业、跨所有制的大型集团公司。海华（集团）公司下设研究所、物贸中心、百货商店、房地产开发公司、娱乐总汇、旅游公司、中澳合资制品有限公司、沪港合资机械有限公司等 40 余家公司。拥有资产 5 亿多元，员工 6，000 多人，年销售额达 18 亿元。海华（集团）公司所属的海华商务旅游公司（简称“海华商旅” ）是经国家旅游局批准的商务旅行社，是经营国际、国内、出入境、票务等旅游业务的专业公司。公

6、司拥有一支国家认可的英、日、德、法、韩等语种齐全的翻译导游队伍。公司经营管理海华（集团）公司的票务中心，拥有出租车队和航空售票处，拥有铁路、轮船票务服务站，为国内外宾客提供便捷服务。七投机的成功归根到底取决于别人能否以比你买入时更高的价格买下你手中的股票。每个投机泡沫就好比一封连锁信，利润是后来入市者提供的。每个人都在预测竞争对手下一步的意图。在这种情况下，对入市心理变化的关注是至关重要的。通常，投机者似乎越来越快地忘却自己的痛苦经历。于是我们发现投机狂潮周期性地出现。人类的本性中肯定存在着某种愚蠢的东西，否则人们就不会千百次地落入同一个陷阱里。避免这种厄运的唯一方法就是保持一种逆向姿态，走一

7、条逆向心理的道路。当然，这样做不仅是孤独的，而且还要受到严峻的意志考验。八外资企业必须在中国境内设置会计账簿，进行独立核算，按照规定报送会计报表，并接受财政税务机构的监督。外资企业依照国家有关的规定纳税并可以享受减税、免税的优惠待遇。外资企业将缴纳所得税后的利润在中国境内再投资的，可依照国家规定申请退还再投资部分已缴纳的部分所得税税款。外国投资者从外资企业获得的合法利润、其他合法收入和清算后的资金，可以汇往国外。外资企业的外籍职工的工资收入和其他正当收入，依照缴纳个人所得税后，可以汇往国外。外资企业终止，应当及时公告，依照法定程序进行清算，并向工商行政管理机关办理注销登记手续，缴销营业执照。九

8、我们要继续实施积极的财政政策，这是当前扩大内需直接而有效的手段。与此同时，我们要努力发挥货币政策的作用，综合运用多种手段调节经济运行。我们要巩固和完善宏观公里体制改革的措施，进一步转变政府职能。我们要加快经济结构的战略性调整，优化经济结构，坚持以市场为导向，依靠科技进步，采取适应社会主义市场经济发展的新机制、新办法。我们要进一步稳定和加强农业的基础地位，加大工业结构调整力度，大力发展第三产业。实施西部地区大开发战略，加快中西部地区的发展，是一项系统工程和长期任务，必须统筹兼顾，突出重点、分步实施。东部地区要继续发挥科技优势，不断提高经济素质和竞争力，有条件的地方要率先实行现代化。十我们必须抓住

9、加入世贸组织的新的机遇，以更为积极的姿态扩大对外开放。我们要继续实行以质取胜和市场多元化战略，努力扩大出口。一是积极调整出口商品结构，提高高新技术产品的出口比重。二是积极开拓国际市场，特别要大力拓展非洲、拉美、东欧、独联体等新兴市场，鼓励有能力的企业到境外投资办厂，继续发展对外承包工程和劳务合作。三是改革配额管理和招标的办法，优化进口商品结构，增加国内急需的关键设备、技术和重要原料的进口。我们要积极有效地利用外资，进一步扩大对外开放的领域和地域。逐步推进商业、外贸、金融、保险、证券、电信、旅游和中介服务等领域的对外开放。放宽外商投资在技术转让、内销比例和一些行业持股比例的限制。我们要积极吸引跨

10、国公司来华投资，尤其是对农业、基础设施、环保产业和高新技术产业的投资。1Chinas economic achievement has attracted worldwide attention since she adopted the reform and open-up policy. In the economic system, the past single form of state-owned economy has developed into a multi-form economy characterized by considerable development in

11、private-owned economy and foreign-funded enterprises in recent years. With regard to the state-owned enterprise, the government, instead of directly intervening with its economic activities, demands that it become the independent legal person that runs the enterprise on its own, assumes sole respons

12、ibility for its profits and losses, exercises self-restraint, and stimulates its own development. There will be no more subsidization from the state to the enterprise, which is either to terminate in bankruptcy or to be incorporated by other enterprises with sound management, when long-term deficits

13、 are incurred. Over 90% of commodities and production elements on the domestic market shall be priced in conformity with the balanced market mechanism of supply and demand. Hence, on the one hand, Chinas economy is featured with Chinese socialist characteristics; on the other, it is quite in conform

14、ity with current international practice of market economy.Sino-foreign joint ventures, cooperative businesses and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises in China2Im not sure if there will be a substantial price drop. You know our products have an established fame in the world and more importantly, we

15、 guarantee the quality of our products whatsoever. Although some new manufacturers from our surrounding countries and regions may attract their customers with low prices, our quality guarantee policy plus this latest substantial price reduction is sure to prevail. To tell you the truth, none of our

16、old customers, including you, I believe, has ever turned to any other suppliers. On the contrary, we have received orders from quite a few new customers. Our offer is indeed well grounded.Honesty is the best policy.3The internet industry has been growing at a dizzying pace. According to statistics f

17、rom China Internet Network Information Center early this year, the public network covers more than 400 cities, and the number of on-line computers reached 8.2 million, with 22.6 million regular Internet users and 33,000 web-sites. In two years, China is expected to have the second largest netizen po

18、pulation in the world, second only to that of the United States.However, the rapidly developing industry is showing many problems in China, most of them unique to a country that virtually leapt into the information age without sufficient preparation, such as the problems concerning internet service

19、providers (ISP), internet content providers (ICP) and e-commerce.In order to tap the market of 1.3 billion people, the ISPs should improve their service in such a way that ordinary users will be able to get onto the Net as easily as they switch on household electrical appliances.4With a view to expa

20、nding international economic cooperation and technological exchange, the Peoples Republic of China promulgated Chinas Joint Venture Law on July 8, 1979, and later in August of the same year made an announcement that China would accept equity joint ventures with foreigners, overseas Chinese and compa

21、triots in Hong Kong and Macao. In April 1988, the Chinese government again promulgated the Law on Contractual Joint Venture, thus paving a flexible way for foreign entrepreneurs to make investment in China.To facilitate contacts between Chinese and foreign entrepreneurs, China International Trust an

22、d Investment Corporation (CITIC) was established on October 4, 1979. This corporation operates under the direct leadership of the State council of the PRC. Its function is to organize joint ventures. Through the medium of CITIC, many foreign investors have signed joint venture agreements with severa

23、l Chinese enterprises. Foreign firms or enterprises interested in forming joint venture with Chinese partners may contact CITIC for negotiation. Of course, direct contact with Chinese partners is also welcome. Joint venture agreements are subject to examination and approval by such authorities as th

24、e Foreign Investment Commission or its authorized organization.5In an era dominated by electronics and telecommunications, we can never emphasize too much the importance of change. Motorola defines “change” as challenge and opportunities. The decade has seen Motorola seize the opportunities opened u

25、p by changes in China and build itself into one of the most successful American investors in the country.With a firm commitment and substantial investment, we promote technological progress in China. As a result of this / therefore / consequently, Motorolas brand has become a household name in China

26、. China is both an opportunity and a challenge. We have laid a lot of groundwork, and helped China to implement / carry out its own strategy. We will reinvest and bring new technology into China.6Haihua (Group) Corporation is a large cross-regional, cross trade and cross-ownership (group) corporatio

27、n which integrates scientific research, manufacturing industry, trade, and tourist and entertainment services. The 40-odd-member Group consists of a research institute, a materials trading center, a department store, a real estate development company, an entertainment concourse, a tourist company, a

28、 Sino-Australian jointly-funded textile manufacturing company limited, a Shanghai-Hong Kong jointly-funded machinery company limited, etc., with the combined capital assets in the amount of 500 million Yuan, over 6,000 employees and an annual turnover of 1.8 billion Yuan.Haihua International Busines

29、s Travel Company, which is subordinate to Haihua (Group) Corporation, is a business travel agency approved by the Chinese National Tourism Administration. This is a professional company whose scope of business ranges over international, domestic, in-and out-bound travel, and ticket-booking services.

30、 The company has a contingent of state-certified professional tourist guides proficient in English, Japanese, German, French, Korean, and other foreign languages. The company manages the ticket-booking center of Haihua (Group) Corporation. It has a fleet of taxies, and airline ticket office, and rai

31、l and water passenger transportation ticket service booth, providing convenient and prompt services for overseas and domestic customers.7Success in speculation ultimately/ in the final analysis / in the end depends on / counts on / is determined by whether there is someone who would be willing to bu

32、y your shares at a higher price than you paid for them. Every speculative bubble resembles a chain letter in that profits are provided by late entrants to the market. Everyone is attempting to anticipate the immediate intentions of his competitors. In such circumstances, paying attention to shifts i

33、n market psychology becomes essential.Usually, speculators appear to forget their painful experiences more and more quickly. Hence we find the periodical recurrences of speculative booms. There must be a vast fund of stupidity in human nature, or else men would not be caught, a thousand times over,

34、by the same snare. The only way to avoid this fate is to maintain a contrarian position, that is, you go against the market psychology. Of course, that is both lonely and involves a great trial of will.8A foreign-capital enterprise must set up account books in China, conduct independent accounting,

35、submit the accounting statements as required and accept supervision by financial and tax authorities.Foreign-capital enterprises shall pay taxes in accordance with relevant State provisions, and may enjoy preferential treatment for tax reduction or exemption. An enterprise that reinvests its profits

36、 in China after paying income tax may, in accordance with relevant State provisions, apply for a refund of the portion of the income tax already paid on the reinvested amount.The foreign investor may remit abroad profits that are lawfully earned from a foreign-capital enterprise, as well as other la

37、wful earnings and any funds remaining after the enterprise is liquidated. Foreign employees in a foreign-capital enterprise may remit abroad their wages, salaries and other legitimate income after the payment of individual income tax in accordance with the law.When terminating its operation, a forei

38、gn-capital enterprise shall promptly issue a public notice and proceed with liquidation in accordance with legal procedures. At the termination, the foreign-capital enterprise shall nullify its registration with the industry and commerce administration authorities and hand in its business license fo

39、r cancellation.9We will continue to follow a proactive fiscal policy, which is a direct and effective means for expanding domestic demands at present. Meanwhile, we should give full play to the role of monetary policy and a variety of other means to regulate the operation of the economy. We will aim

40、 at strengthening and improving measures in reforming the macro-control system and further shifting the functions of the government. We will accelerate the strategic restructuring of the economy and optimize the economic structure. These efforts should be market-oriented and backed up by scientific

41、and technological advances. And therefore, we will adopt new systems and methods compatible with the development of a socialist market economy. We will further stabilize and strengthen agriculture as the foundation of the economy, intensify industrial restructuring efforts, and strive to develop ter

42、tiary industry. The implementation of the large-scale development strategy in west China to speed up the development of the central and western regions is a long-term systematic engineering project - a comprehensive plan that should focus on key areas and be carried out in a step-by-step manner. The

43、 eastern region should continue to bring into play its scientific and technological advances, constantly improving its economic performance and competitiveness. In areas where conditions permit, local efforts are encouraged to take the lead in achieving modernization.10We must seize the new opportun

44、ities opened up by Chinas entry into the World Trade Organization, and take a more active stance in opening China wider to the outside world. We will continue to implement the strategy of success through quality and market diversification and spare no efforts to expand exports. First, we should work

45、 actively to adjust the mix of exports and increase the proportion of high-tech products. Second, we should make every effort to open up more markets abroad, in particular, the emerging markets in Africa, Latin America, East Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States. Strong Chinese enterpris

46、es should be encouraged to make investments and set up factories abroad. Overseas contracted engineering projects and labor services should be further expanded. Third, quota management and bidding methods should be improved. The mix of imports should be optimized to increase the imports of urgently

47、needed key equipment, technology and important materials.We will utilize foreign funds more effectively. The areas of operation and geographical regions open to foreign businesses will be expanded. Commerce, foreign trade, banking, insurance, securities, telecommunications, tourism and intermediary

48、services will gradually be opened to the outside world. Restrictions will be relaxed on foreign investment pertaining to technology transfer, the proportion of products to be sold domestically and share of holdings in some industries. We will work actively to attract investment from transnational corporations, especially their investment in agriculture, infrastructure development, the environmental protection industry, and high and new technology industries.