法律英语词汇.doc

1、刑法学、行政法学 Criminal Laws and Administrative Laws 帮助当事人毁灭、伪造证据罪 crime of aiding a client to destroy or forge evidence绑架妇女儿童罪 crime of kidnapping women and children包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织罪 crime of harboring a mafia-style syndicate 包庇毒品犯罪分子罪 crime of harboring drug criminals 报复陷害罪 case of retaliation and frame-ups

2、必要共同犯罪 indispensable joint crime并科原则 doctrine of cumulating punishments 剥夺权利 deprival of rights 不能犯 impossibility; unrealized offense参加恐怖活动组织罪 crime of taking part in an organization engaged in terrorist activities超越管辖权 excess of jurisdiction 超越职权范围 overstep ones authority 惩办和宽大相结合 combine punishmen

3、t with leniency 惩办少数、改造多数的原则 principle of punishing the few and reforming the many 惩罚措施 punitive measure 惩罚性制裁 punitive sanction 惩罚与教育相结合 combination of punishment and education处以刑罚 inflict punishment 处以有期徒刑 sentence to fixed-term imprisonment 触犯法律 break the law; violate the law抽逃出资罪 crime of flight

4、 of capital contribution 抽象行政行为 abstract administrative act 出口骗税犯罪活动 criminal activities of cheating out of tax rebates in export 出售伪造发票罪 crime of selling counterfeit currency 出于对法律的无知 from ignorance of law 出于恶意 from malevolence 从轻处罚 gie a lesser punishment 从重处罚 give a severer punishment单位受贿罪 crime

5、of bribe taken by a unit 单一犯罪构成 single constitution of crime 盗伐林木罪 crime of illegally chopping down trees; crime of illegally felling trees 盗窃、抢夺枪支、弹药、爆炸物罪 crime of stealing or seizing guns, ammunition or explosives 盗窃犯 theft act; larcenist 渎职犯罪案件 case of dereliction of duty 对象不能犯 object impossibili

6、ty 多次作案 repeatedly commit crimes罚不当罪 punishment does not fit the crime犯意 criminal intent; mens real 犯罪低龄化 lowering ages of criminal offenders 犯罪动机 criminal motive 犯罪构成 constitution of a crime; constitutive elements of a crime 犯罪构成要件 special constitutive elements of crime 犯罪故意 criminal intent; guilty

7、 intent; meas rea 犯罪集团 criminal gang; criminal group 犯罪客观要件 objective circumstances of a crime 犯罪客体 criminal object; object of a crime 犯罪实行终了 completion of a criminal act 犯罪学 criminology 犯罪预防 crime prevention 犯罪中止 discontinuance of crime; desistance of crime 犯罪主观方面要素 subjective elements of crime 犯罪主

8、体 subject of crime 犯罪着手 initiate a crime 犯罪组织 criminal organization 贩卖毒品罪 drug offense; crime of drug trafficking 防卫过当 unjustifiable self-defense 防卫挑拨 instigation of defense; provocation of defense 防卫限度 limit of defense 防止类似事件重演 prevent the recurrence of similar incidents 妨碍公务罪 crime of disrupting p

9、ublic service 妨害公共安全罪 crime of impairing public security 放弃权利 withdraw a claim; waive a right 非法持、私藏枪支、弹药罪 crime of illegally holding or hiding a firearm or ammunition 非法持有毒品罪 crime of illegally holding drugs 非法干涉 illegal intervention 非法干预 unlawful interference 非法出售增值税专用发票罪 crime of illegal selling

10、invoice for exclusive use of VAT 非法活动 unlawful activities 非法利益 unlawful interests 非法手段 illegal means 非强制性行政行为 non-coercive form of administrative action 非正式的 informal; irregular 非政府机关 non-governmental organization 非主要条件 non-essential stipulation 非专业的 non-professional 诽谤罪 crime of defamation 隔地犯 offe

11、nse of segregation by location 隔时犯 offense of segregation by time 工具不能犯 impossibility of instruments 故意犯罪 calculated crime; intentional crime 故意杀人罪 crime of intentional homicide 故意伤害罪 crime of willful and malicious injury 管辖：jurisdiction 惯犯 habitual criminal 惯例 custom and usage 过失犯罪 criminal neglige

12、nce; involuntary crime; negligent crime 国家赔偿案件 case of state compensation 国家赔偿的归责原则 principle of culpability for state compensation 国家赔偿的双重过错原则 principle of dual faults for state compensation 国家赔偿法 state compensation law 国家赔偿主体 subject of state compensation 国家权力机关 state authority 国际审判机关 state judici

13、al organs 国家行政机关 state administrative organs 国家意志 states will 国家职能 function of the state 国民待遇 national treatment黑社会性质的犯罪集团 gangland criminal syndicate; mafia-style criminal gang缓期二年执行 with a two-year reprieve 缓刑 probate cessat executio集合犯 aggregate offense; collective offense 既遂犯 accomplished crime

14、继承法 inheritance law 继续犯 continuous crime 加重处罚 give an aggravated punishment beyond the maximum prescribed 假冒他人注册商标罪 crime of counterfeiting the registered trademark of another 假释 parole 假想防卫 imaginative defense 假想数罪 imaginatively several crimes 简单共同犯罪 simple joint crime 间接故意 indirect intent; indirec

15、t iintentino 教唆未遂 attempt of solicitation 劫持船只、汽车罪 crime of hijacking a ship or an automobile 劫持航空器罪 crime of skyjacking 结果犯 consequential offen 结果加重犯 aggregated consequential offense 结合犯 combinative crime; integrated offense se 拒不执行人民法院判决、裁定罪 crime of refusing o execute judgments or orders of the P

16、eoples Court 具结悔过 make a statement of repentence 具体行政行为 specific administrative act 具体罪名 concrete accusation 绝对不确定法定刑 absolutely indeterminate statutory punishment 军人违反职责罪 crimes of soldiers violating military dutie抗税罪 offense of resisting taxes 客体不能犯 object impossibility 空白罪状 blank facts about a cr

17、ime 滥伐林木罪 crime of illegal denudation 累犯 recidivist; repeat offender; cumulative offense 连续犯罪 continuing crime 量刑 criterion for sentencing; sentencing criterion 量刑不当 criterion for sentence 量刑幅度 extent for discretionary action of sentencing虐待罪 crime of abusing member of ones family 挪用公款案 case of misa

18、ppropriation of public funds 偶犯 casual offender; casual offense情节加重犯 aggravated offense by circumstances 情节特别严重 when the circumstances are particularly wicked 情节严重、构成犯罪的 when the circumstances are so serious as to constitute a crime 取保候审 post a bail and await trial with restricted liberty of moving扰

19、乱公共场所秩序罪 crime of disturbing order at public places刑法 criminal law 刑罚 penalty; punishment 刑事责任能力 criminal capacity 行政法 administrative law; executive law 行政法规 administrative laws and regulations 行政法学 administrative jurisprudence 行政解释 administrative interpretation 行政救济 administrative remedy 预防犯罪 anti-

20、crime 治安管理 security administration 治安条例 security regulations民商法学、经济法学 Civil Laws, Commercial Laws and Economic Laws 按照出资比例：in proportion to ones respective contributions to the investment办理注销登记：cancel the registration被代理人：the principal被侵权人 the infringed本人名义：in ones name标的 subject matter补偿制度 compensa

21、tion system 不动产登记制 Lot and Block System 财产法 property law 财产的添附 accretion of property; property accession 财产抵押权 property mortgage 财产继承权：the right of inheritance 财产关系和人身关系：property relationships and personal relationships 财产管理人 property administrator; custodian of property 财产混同 confusion; hotchpot 财产留

22、置权 encumbrance采用书面形式：in writing仓单 warehouse voucher 草签合同 initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract长期合同 long-term contract 偿付能力 solvency capability of reimbursement超越代理权：beyond the scope of ones power of agency 撤消合同 cancellation of contract 撤销合同 cancel a contract; rescind

23、 a contract; avoid a contract 撤销权 right of rescission; right of revocation 撤销要约 revocation of offer; revoke an offer 撤销遗赠 cancellation o will; revocationi of will 承运人 actual fault of the carrier 承运人的留置权 carriers lien 诚信原则 principle of good faith 诚实信用原则：principle honesty and credibility; principle of

24、 honestry and good faith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle 船舶承租人 charterer 船舶抵押权 right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship; ship mortgage 船舶抵押权的设定 establishment of mortgage of the ship 船舶抵押的消灭 extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship 船舶抵押权登记 registration of ship mort

25、gage 船舶留置权 possessory lien; lien of ship 村民委员会：the village committee 惩罚性的损害赔偿 punitive damages 乘人之危：take advantage of ones unfavorable position处分财产 dispose of properties 处分权 act of disposition 处分原则 principle of disposition代理民事活动：be represented in civil activities by 代理权终止：the expiration of ones powe

26、r of agency 单独承担的责任 undivided responsibility 单方法律行为 unilateral obligation 单方行政行为 unilateral administrative act 等价有偿：making compensation for equal value 对等原则 principle of reciprocity 对价 consideration 对抗措施 counter measure 对人权 right in personam; personal right 对世权 real right; right in rem恶意串通：conspire

27、maliciously 恶意行为 ill will mala fides 法人 judicial person; legal body 法人的权利能力 legal capacity of juristic person 法人的责任能力 capacity for responsibility of juristic person 法人权限 corporate power 法人人格 corporate personality 法人身份 status of a legal person 法人团体 corporation 法人资格 corporate capacity 法人组织章程：the artic

28、les of association of the legal person 负共同连带责任 liable jointly and severally 负全部责任 bear all responsibilities; in all charge 负有解释的义务 accountable 负有连带义务的每个债务人：each of the joint debtors 附带的条件 incident 附带要求 contingent claim 附带原因 contributory cause; inherent cause 附条件的民事法律行为：conditional civil juristic act

29、s 附条件的权利 conditional right 赋予权力 entitle个体工商户：individual businesses 个人合伙：individual partnership 各尽所能，按劳分配 from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs 给付定金：leave a deposit with the other party 工商行政管理机关：the administrative agency for industry and commerce 公民基本义务 fundamental duties

30、 of citizens合同 contract 合同法 contract law 合同副本 copies of the contract 合同规定 contract provisions/stipulations 合同履行地法 lex loci contractus 合同期限 contract period (or contract term) 合同条款 contract terms (or contract clause) 合同有效期 contract life 合同正本 originals of the contract 合伙人：partners 合议制 collegial system

31、核准登记的经营范围：within the range approved and registered 恢复原状 recovery of original state; restitution; restoration of he original conditions; retitutio in integrum 集体所有制企业：an enterprise under collective ownership 技术合同纠纷案件 controversy over a technology contract 监护人：guardian 经主管机关核准登记：approved and registere

32、d by the competent authority 居民委员会：the neighborhood committee 履行监护职责：fulfill duty of guardianship 埋藏物、隐藏物：buried or concealed object 买卖、出租、抵押、转让：be sold, leased, mortgaged or transferred农村承包经营户：leaseholding farm households 平等主体：civil subjects with equal status 企业法人被撤销：the dissolution of an enterpris

33、e as legal person 企业法人分立、合并：the division and merger of an enterprise as legal person 企业法人解散：disbanding of an enterprise as legal person 契约自由 liberty of contract 取得不当得利：profits acquired improperly and without a lawful basis 取得法人资格：be qualified as a legal person 全民所有制企业：an enterprise owned by the whol

34、e people 让与 alien; alienate; assign; cede 让与的利益 benefit of cession 让与权 benefit of cessioni 设定义务的规则 rule of imposing duty 设立、变更、终止民事关系：establish, change or terminate civil relationship 所有权 ownership 书面合同 a written contract 双倍返还定金：repay the deposit in double 双方法律行为 bilateral legal transaction 擅自变更或者解除

35、（民事法律行为）：alter or rescind ones act arbitrarily 他物权 right over the property of another 提供一定的财产作为抵押物：offer a specific property as a pledge 违反合同 breach of contract 委托代理：entrusted agency 委托代理人：an entrusted agent 无过错责任 liability without negligence 无民事行为能力人：a person having no capacity for civil conduct 无因

36、管理：act as manager or provide services in order to protect another persons interests when he is not legally or contractually obligated to do so 下落不明 ones whereabouts have been unknown 限制民事行为能力人：a person with limited capacity for civil conduct 享有连带权利的每个债权人：each of the joint creditors 行使代理权：exercise th

37、e power of agency 宣告为无（限制）民事行为能力人：declare to be a person to be without or with limited capacity for civil conduct 遗失物、漂流物：lost-and-found objects, flotsam 以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还：to keep the pledge to offset the debt or have priority in satisfying his claim out of the proceeds from the sale of the pl

38、edge 以合法形式掩盖非法目的：perform under the guise of legitimate acts which conceal illegitimate purposes 以欺诈、胁迫的手段：as a result of cheating or coercion 意思表示 show ones intention 意思表示真实：the intention expressed is genuine 优先购买的权利：a right of pre-emption 优先权 priority, preemptive right 有过错的一方：the erring party 有连带责任

39、的 conjunctly and severally 有权向债务人追偿：have the right to claim repayment from the debto 造成财产损失：cause any property loss 责任能力 capacity for responsibility 责任年龄 capacity of responsibility; year of discretion 债的标的 object of obligation 债的发生 creation of obligation 债的消灭 extinction of obligation 占有人有权留置该财产：the

40、possessor shall have a lien on the property 指定代理：appointed agency 执行合同 carry out a contract, execute/implement/fulfill/perform a contract 主要办事机构：the main administrative office 追偿：claim compensation from 住所：domicile法学理论、法制史、宪法学 Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems and Constitution 按照法律规定 according

41、 to law按照确定的份额分享权力：be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit 按照确定的份额分担义务：assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt案例教学法 case system案例汇编 case book; case report; law report柏拉图 Plato保护人权与基本自由公约(1950) Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fu

42、ndamental Freedoms, 1950 （罗）被视为 be deemed as 被宣布为非法 be outlawed; be declared illegal比较法 comparative law 比较法学 comparative jurisprudence 比较法学派 school of comparative jurisprudence 比较法制史 comparative legal history 比较分析法 method of comparative analysis 比较刑法 comparative penal law 比较刑法学 comparative penal jur

43、isprudence 必然因果关系 positive causal relationship边缘法学 borderline jurisprudence 变通办法 adaptation; accommodation补充规定 supplementary provision 补救办法 remedial measures 不成文法 unwritten law民商法学：Civil Laws经济法学：Commercial Laws and Economic Laws按照出资比例：in proportion to ones respective contributions to the investment

44、办理注销登记：cancel the registration被代理人：the principal被侵权人：the infringed本人名义：in ones name标的：subject matter补偿制度：compensation system不动产登记制：Lot and Block System财产法：property law财产的添附：accretion of property; property accession财产抵押权：property mortgage财产继承权：the right of inheritance财产关系和人身关系：property relationships

45、and personal relationships财产管理人：property administrator; custodian of property财产混同：confusion; hotchpot财产留置权：encumbrance采用书面形式：in writing仓单：warehouse voucher草签合同：initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract长期合同：long-term contract偿付能力：solvency capability of reimbursement超越代理权：

46、beyond the scope of ones power of agency撤消合同：cancellation of contract 撤销合同：cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract撤销权：right of rescission; right of revocation撤销要约：revocation of offer; revoke an offer撤销遗赠：cancellation o will; revocationi of will承运人：actual fault of the carrier承运人的留置权：c

47、arriers lien诚信原则：principle of good faith诚实信用原则：principle honesty and credibility; principle of honestry and good faith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle船舶承租人：charterer船舶抵押权：right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship; ship mortgage船舶抵押权的设定：establishment of mortgage of the

48、 ship船舶抵押的消灭：extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship船舶抵押权登记：gistration of ship mortgage船舶留置权：possessory lien; lien of ship村民委员会：the village committee惩罚性的损害赔偿；punitive damages乘人之危：take advantage of ones unfavorable position处分财产：dispose of properties处分权：act of disposition处分原则：principle of disposit

49、ion代理民事活动：be represented in civil activities by代理权终止：the expiration of ones power of agency单独承担的责任：undivided responsibility单方法律行为：unilateral obligation单方行政行为：unilateral administrative act等价有偿：making compensation for equal value对等原则：principle of reciprocity对价：consideration对抗措施：counter measure对人权：right in personam; personal right对世权：real right; right in rem恶意串通：conspire maliciously恶意行为：ill will mala fides法人：judicial person; legal body法人的权利能力：legal capacity of juristic person法人的责任能力：capacity for responsibility o