医学考博英语历年真题及答案及词汇2006.doc

1、200631.He _ the check and deposited it in his account.A.cancelledB.endorsedC.cashed cash a check 以支票兑换现款D.endowed 捐赠, 赋予 He is endowed with genius 他赋有天才。32.She claimed that she was denied admission to the school _ her raceA. by virtue of .依靠, 由于B.in accordance with C.with respect toD.on account of 3

2、3.The present is ill.so the secretary will be _ for him as chairman at the meeting.A.standing up 坚持, 经得起, 拥护, 抵抗B.coming up 流行, 发生, 被提出,上升,讨论,出现C.sitting in 参加D.filling in34The witness was._ by the judge for failing to answer the questionA. sentenced B.threatenedC.admonished 告诫,劝告,警告,提醒 ,要求, 催D.jail

3、ed 监禁35.Publicly,they are trying to _ this latest failure,but in private they are very worried.publicly adv.公然地, 舆论上A.put off 搪塞, 使分心, 使厌恶, 扔掉, 脱掉, 劝阻B.laugh off v.用笑摆脱C.pay off v. 报复, 赢利D.lay offv.解雇, 停止工作, 休息, 划出36.It is sheer _ to be home again and be able to relax.A.prestigen.声望, 威望, 威信B.paradis

4、e 天堂C.prideD.privacy 秘密, 私事 In such matters, privacy is impossible.在这类事情中, 保密是不可能的。We must respect others -cies 我们不该打听他人的私事37.During rush hour.Downtown streets are _ with commuters. commuter n.通勤者, 经常往返者A.scatteredB.condensed(使)浓缩, 精简C.clogged 堵阻塞（up）塞堵， 阻满（with）D.dotted38.Someone who is in _ confin

5、ement 监禁,拘留 is kept alone in a room in prison.A. preciseB.solitary solitary confinement 单独拘禁C.remote D.confidential39.She is very _ , and will be able to perpform all require tasks well.A.productive B.flexibleC.sophisticatedD.versatile40.Various books and papers are _ up togethir on her desk.A.jumbl

6、ed adj.混乱的, 乱七八糟的B.tumbledC.bumbledv.拙劣地做, 弄糟,n.大错误D.humbledSection B41. _ A.B.C.D.42.Sunny periods will be interspersed with occasionsl showerintersperse with.点缀着,不时用.打断.A.interrupted .B.blocked C.blended D.interested43._ A.B.C.D.44._ A.B.C.D.45._ A.B.C.D.46.She kept to her point tenaciously and wo

7、uld not give away. tenacious adj.顽强的A.persistently 坚持的, 百折不挠的; 固执的B.constantly 稳定的， 不变的;忠实的， 忠贞不渝的C.perpetually 永恒地, 终身地D.vigorously 精神旺盛地47._ A.B.C.D.48. I am just fed up with his excuse for not getting his work done fed up with 受够了.A.anguished at 使痛苦苦恼, 悲痛B.annoyed at be annoyed with sb. at sth.对(

8、 某人)为(某事)而生气C.agonized by 烦恼的, 极度痛苦的D.afflicted by 使苦恼, 痛苦, 折磨 beafflicted with gout 害痛风病49. Lets get out the dictionary and settle this dispute once and for all. 断然地, 坚决地A.at the moment B.at any time C.for a whileD.for the last time50.I was so absorbed in my work that I completely forgot the time.A

9、.engraved 雕刻B.engrossed 全神贯注的 C.enforced 强迫, 执行, 坚持, 加强. D.enveloped完型填空Culture shock might be called an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad.Like most ailments,it has its own symptoms and cure.Culture shock 文化冲击 is precipitated by the 51 that result from losing

10、all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse.Those signs or cues include the thousands and one ways in thich we 52 ourselves to the situation of daily life; when to shake hands and what to say,when we meet people, when and how to give tips,how to make purchases,when to accept and when to

11、 53 invitations,when to take statements seriously and 54 .These cues,which may be words,gestures,facial expressions,customs,or norms,are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are 55 a part of our cultrue as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept.All of us depend 56 our peace

12、of mind 内心的宁静 and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues,most of which we do not carry,57 conscious awareness. Now when individual enters a strange culture,all or most of these familiar cues are 58 .He or she is like a fish out water.No matter how broad-minded 气量大的 or full of goodwill you may be,

13、a series of props 小道具 have been knocked 59 you,followed by feeling of frustrations and anxiety.People react to the frustration in much the same way.First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort.“The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad.”When foreigners in a

14、strange hand get together to grouse 埋怨 about the 60country and its people.You can be sure they are suffering from culture shock.51.A.complaint B.anxiety C.grief D.conflict 斗争, 冲突52.A.convert B.associate C.orient I havent been able to orient my ideas to the new conditions.我还未能使自己的观点适应新情况。 D.familiari

15、ze53.A. refuse B.welcome C.deliver D.withdraw54.A.why not B.what not C.when not D.where not 55.A.as much B.as such C.as well D.as if56.A.on B.with C.as D.for57.A.on the level of B.in accordance with C.be means of D.in view of 考虑到, 由于58.A.adjusted B.modified C.rejeted D.removed59.A.from behind B.from

16、 under C.out of D.away from60.A.guest B.target C.host D.masterpassage 2High-speed 高速的 Living has become a fact of life 无法更改的事实,and the frantic pace is taking its toll 代价,according to science writer James Gleick. Its as if the old“type A”behavior of a few has expanded into 扩大为 the “hurry sickness ”of

17、 the many.“We do feel that were more time-driven and time-obsessed 受时间驱使和困扰 and generally rushed than ever before”write Gleick in Faster:The Acceleration of Just About 几乎 Everything,a survey of fast -moving 移动迅速的 , 情节紧凑动人的 culture and its consfequences.We may also be acting more hastily,losing contr

18、ol, and thinking superficially because we lie faster.Technology has conditioned us to expect instant results.Internet purchases arrive by next-day delivery and the microvave delivers a hot meal in minutes.Faxes,e-mails,and cell phones make it plssibleand increasingly obligatory 义务的for people to work

19、 faster.Gleick cites numerous examples of last-forward changes in our lives:Stock trading and news cycles are shorter; sound bites（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出 of presidential candidates on network newscasts dropped from 40 secinds in 1868 to 10 seconds in 1998 ; and some fast-food restaurants have added express la

20、nes 小路.High expectations for instant service 方便的服务 make even the brief wait for an elevator seem interminable (漫长的) . “A good waiting time is in the neighborhood of 15 seconds.Sometime around 40 seconds,people start to get visibly 显然 upset”writes Gleick.Were dependent on systems that promise speed b

21、ut often deliver frustration.Like rush-hour 高峰时间 drivers fuming when a single accident halts the evening commute,people surfing the internet 网络冲浪 squirm if a Web page is slow to load or when access itselt is not instantaneous 即刻的.And the concert of “customer service”can become an oxymoron(逆喻 a wise

22、fool; cruel kindness)for customers waiting on hold for a telephone representative.Up-tempo 快速 living has turned people multitaskers-eating while driving,writing an e-mail whiletalking on the phone,or skimming dozens of television programs on split screen.Gleick suggests that human beings may be capa

23、ble of adjusting to these new levels of stimuli as high-speed culture challenges our brains“in a way they were not challenged in the past,except perhaps in times of war”.We may gain the flexibility to do several things at once but lose some of our capacity to focus in depth 深入的 on a single task. 66w

24、ith living pace getting quicker and quick,the number of those of “Type-A”behavior is A.on the riseB.out or controlC.on the declineD.under investigation67High-speed living brings about the following consequences,exclusive of 除.外,A.superficial thinkingB.lose of controlC.waste of timeD.more haste 68The

25、 best conclusion can be drawn from the 3rd paragraph is thatA.techonlogy is building a fast-moving culture B.we are living in the age of informationC.economy is booming with technologyD.the frantic pace is taking its toll69As the author implies,the faster we live,_A.the less we doB.the less patient

26、we areC.the more time we saveD.the more efficiency have70Living faster and faster,the multitaskers tend_A.to scratch the surface of a thingB.to do things better at the same timeC.to be flexible with their time schedualsD.to have intense concentration on trivial thingspassage 3Imagine a disease sprea

27、ding across the globe,killing mostly middle-aged people or leaving them chronically disabled.Then one day researchers come up with a drug that can prevent some of the diseases nastier 威胁的 effects.You would think the worlds ageing public would be eternally grateful.The disease does exist.It is called

28、 tobacco addiction.The drug too is real and in animal tests has prevented lung damage that leads to emphysema 肺气肿.But the inventors have received no bouquets 恭维话. Prevailing medical opinion seems to be that the drug is a mere sideshow 杂耍的,distracting smokers from the task of quitting.Another experim

29、ental drug ,which could protect smokers against cancer ,is also viewed with suspicion because it could give smokers an excuse not to quit.On the face of 从表面判断 it these responses make sense.It is ingrained 彻底的, 根深蒂固 in society that smokers have only themselves to blame and their salvation 拯救, 救助 lies

30、 in a simple act of will.If they will not quit smoking,they cannot expect help from anyone else.But this logic is flawed 有缺陷的.Check a survey of smokers and you find two-thirds want to give up and one-third will have tried in the previous year.Yet,even with nicotine gum 齿龈, 口香糖,patches and drugs to e

31、ase the ordeal,the quit rate is still under 10 percent.In the UK , the proportion of people who smoke has not fallen in a decade.Tobacco has a powerful grip,and many smoker are caught in a trap they cannot escape:they have a disease like any other and deserve the chance to reduce the harm it does to

32、 them.This reasoning is hard for many to swallow.It certainly leaves governments and anti-smoking groups in a bind 处于困境,左右为难. They are happy to pay lip service to 口头上支持 methods for reducing harm-of which three are a growing unmber-but they are slow to create policies based upon them.European Union c

33、ountries,for example,look years to 指望, 依赖; even consider regulating the dangerous additives in cigarettes.One fear is that methods for reducing harm will dilute 冲淡,变弱,稀释 the message that tobacco kills-especially when given to youngsters.But that message wont change.In the present case,even if both d

34、rugs turn out 证明是.to work in human trials,they would not protect against all the deadly side effects of smoking.And the drugs do not have to be free to all.They could be available only on prescription for people who doctors believe genuinely cannot give up.There are things that no drug aimed at harm

35、 reduction will ever be able to be.It will not cut passive smoking or stop tobacco companies persuading millions of teenagers to light up.For these reasons all other ways to counter smoking must continue,from banning tobacco advertising to raising tobacco taxes.But it would be a mistake to ignore th

36、e harm reduction measures.For those who are not convinced,forget smokers for a moment.Preventive drugs could also help non-smokers,especially those working long hours,as,say,musicians and bar stall in smoky rooms.Should we deny them too?71The statement “But the inventors have received no bouquets” i

37、mplies that_A.the drugs have received suspicionB.the inventors just presented a sideshowC.it will take time for the public to accept the new drugD. the effects of the drug need further test on human trials72The author argues that _A.no smoker is expected to succee in quittingB.smokers deserve the ha

38、rm smoking does to themC.smokers with resolution to stop smoking need halpD. smokers could succeed with strong resolution to give up73The author is trying to emphasize that the drugs_A.are aimed at youngstersB.should be available to smokers free of charge C.will not change the message that tobacco k

39、illsD.help regulate the dangerous additives in cigarattes 74The drugs,according to the author,are expected_A.to perform preventive functions in non-smokersB.to reduce the number of passive smokersC.to enforce the combat against smokingD.all of the above 75we can draw a conclusion from the passage th

40、at_A.with innovative drugs smokers can still enjoy personal gratifications 满意 and stay healthyB.if a drug can save lives,we shouldnt withhold it without good resaonC.the battle against smoking is far from wonD. there will be a safe way to smokepassage 4Eating is related to emotional as well as physi

41、ologic needs.Sucking ,which is the infants means of gaining both food and emotional security conditions the association of eating with well-being or with deprivation.If the child is breast-fed and has supportive body cintact as well as good mild intake,if the child is allowed to suck for as long as

42、he or she desires,and if both the child and the mother enjoy the nursing experience and share their enjoyment,the child is more likely to shrive both phgysically and emotionally.On the other hand,if the mother is nervous and resents the child or cuts him her off from the milk supply before either th

43、e childs hunger or sucking need is satisfied,or handle the child hostilely during the feeding,or props the baby with a bottle rather than holding the child,the child may develop physically but will begin to show signs of emotional disturbance at an early age.If ,in addition,the infant is further abu

44、sed by parental indifference or intolerance,he or she will carry scars of such emotional deprivation throughout life.Eating habits are also conditioned by family and other psychosocial environments.If an individuals family eats large quantities of food,then he or she is inclined to eat large amounts

45、.If an individuals family eats mainly vegetable,then he or she will be inclined to like vegetables.If mealtime is a happy and significant event,then the will tend to think of eating in those terms.And if a family eats quickly,without caring what is being eaten and while fighting at the dinner table,

46、then the person will most likely adopt the same eating pattern and be adversely affected by it.This conditioning to food can remain unchanged through a lifetime unless the individual is awakened to 醒悟 the fact of conditioning and to the possible need for altering his or her eating patterns in order

47、to improve nutritional intake.Conditioning spills over into and is often reinforced by religious beliefs and other customs so that ,for example,a Jew,whose religion forbids the eating of pork,might have guilt feeling if he or she ate pork.An older Roman Catholi might be conditioned to feel guilty if

48、 he or she eats meat on Ffiday,traditionaly a fish day.76A well-breast-fed child_A.tends to associated foods with emotionsB.is physiologically and emotionally satisfiedC.cannot have physiologic and emotional problemsD. is more likely to have his or her needs satisfied in the futrue77while sucking ,t

49、he baby is actually_A.conscious of the impact of breast-feedingB.interacting with his or her mother C.creating a nursing environmentD. impossible to be abused78A bottle-fed child_A.can be healthy physiologically,but not emotionallyB.cannot avoid physiologic abuse throught lifeC.is deprived of emotional needsD. is rid of physiological needs79From the list of eating habits,we lea